Abstract: An audio-on-demand communication system provides real-time playback of audio data transferred via telephone lines or other communication links. One or more audio servers include memory banks which store compressed audio data. At the request of a user at a subscriber PC, an audio server transmits the compressed audio data over the communication link to the subscriber PC. The subscriber PC receives and decompresses the transmitted audio data in less than real-time using only the processing power of the CPU within the subscriber PC. According to one aspect of the present invention, high quality audio data compressed according to lossless compression techniques is transmitted together with normal quality audio data. According to another aspect of the present invention, metadata, or extra data, such as text, captions, still images, etc., is transmitted with audio data and is simultaneously displayed with corresponding audio data.

Abstract: An apparatus is equipped with a deciphering round key generator to successively generate in real time at least a first and a second deciphering round key based on a deciphering key, and a deciphering unit coupled to the deciphering round key generator to successively employ the real time successively generated deciphering round keys to incrementally decipher a ciphered text. The deciphering round key generator at least generates the second deciphering round key in real time while the deciphering unit deciphers the ciphered text employing the real time generated first deciphering round key. At a result, deciphering round keys may be generated in a much more efficient manner on an as needed basis.

Abstract: A first phasor associated with an electronic signal and a delta phasor associated with a cyclic rate of the electronic signal are multiplied to produce a second phasor. To compensate for any deviation in the magnitude of the second phasor, a real and imaginary correction factor are determined and added to the second phasor. The imaginary and real correction factors can be determined by first calculating the sum and difference of the real and imaginary portions of the first phasor respectively. The sum and difference are then scaled by performing simple shift-operations to produce the real and imaginary correction factors. The corrected second phasor is then used to update the electronic signal, which in turn can be used to produce another signal, such as a communication signal.

Abstract: Briefly, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention, an antenna may comprise a first radiating element to provide a first axis of polarization, and a second radiating element to provide a second axis of polarization. The first axis of polarization may be orthogonal or orthogonal at least in part, to the second axis of polarization. The first and second axes together may result in an omnidirectional, or at least partially omnidirectional, gain pattern for the antenna. RF signals may be propagated on the first and second axes using the same communication standard on both axes, and/or using a different communication standard on each of the axes. In accordance with one or more embodiments, the first axis of polarization may be utilized for a first MIMO communication channel, and the second axis of polarization may be utilized for a second MIMO communication channel.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for determining concentration of blood glucose by using the change in the rising time. The chemical reaction between the blood glucose and enzyme within the test strip to generate the analog source that used to determine the concentration of the blood glucose in the measuring meter. Thus, the rising curve can be obtained after the analog source is treated, such that the concentration of the blood glucose can be determined.

Abstract: An image data sequencing method for a memory unit inside an optical scanning device. The image data sequencing method is particularly suitable for scanning a line of pixels with each pixel comprising a plurality of primary colors. The image data sequencing method involves scanning a line of pixels to obtain the data for a primary or secondary color. The pixels within the scan line are subdivided into groups. A storage space is reserved both before and after the address space inside the memory unit for holding the scanned primary or secondary color data so that all the primary or secondary color data constituting a pixel are in a fixed sequence next to each other inside the memory unit. When all the primary or secondary color data of pixels within a group are secured, the group of data is released from the memory unit.

Abstract: An accelerative noise filtering method for image data is provided. The present invention includes selecting four neighboring pixels around a target pixel in a pattern of a cross shape or X shape, and calculating the absolute value of a difference between the target pixel and each of the four neighboring pixels. When the absolute value of the difference of the neighboring pixel is not larger than a standard deviation, a binary value of a bit corresponding to the neighboring pixel is set “1”. When the absolute value of the difference of the neighboring pixel is larger than a standard deviation, a binary value of a bit corresponding to the neighboring pixel is set “0”. Consequently, a 4-bit mapping table including the binary values of the four neighboring pixels is obtained. Then, a new pixel value for replacing the target pixel value is calculated based on a calculation derived from the 4-bit mapping table.

Abstract: Briefly, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention, a higher dynamic range image sensor may be implemented by comparing a voltage across the sensor to a threshold voltage during image capture. At the threshold voltage, a count may be registered and the image sensor may be reset for continued image capture until an exposure is complete. A final image signal may be obtained by multiplying the threshold voltage by the number of counts registered and adding the final image sensor voltage.

Abstract: A method and system for prioritizing connection data that is associated with different classes of service for transmission in a frame based communication system. These classes of service can include CBR, nrt-VBR, MGR, and UPR traffic. One embodiment of the scheduling method and system uses hierarchical round-robin (HRR) with deficit round-robin (DRR). In this embodiment, the scheduling method and system guarantees minimum rates of nrt-VBR and MGR traffic to the connections. The excess bandwidth is then fairly allocated between the existing connections and their classes of service. For example, the excess is allocated for UBR traffic and for the excess demands of the nrt-VBR and MGR connections. In one embodiment, the scheduling method and system allocates the excess bandwidth in a frame to the existing connections using weighted round robin to differentiate between different classes of service.

Abstract: Dynamic allocation of communication channels among communication units (CU) in a communications system. Dynamic channel allocation employs a reservation set for reserving channels and an allocation set corresponding to the reservation set for receiving allocated channels. The reservation set and the allocation set are changed dynamically as a function of network parameters to control the dynamic channel operation. Reservation set information is broadcast downlink to multiple users to reserve an allocation set of uplink radio resources for specific ones of the users. The system uses a modification of the packet data channel (PDCH) of a GPRS/EGPRS or EDGE system which employs an Uplink Status Flag (USF) on each PDCH downlink radio block. The downlink reservation set information is commonly received by all users in the group of users. Allocation delay, bandwidth efficiency and other system parameters are optimized.

Abstract: A method and system for reducing interference in a cellular radio communications network. At least one parameter affecting user terminals within a cell is adjusted such that the cell boundary is modified, such that interference in the network is reduced. In alternative embodiments the at least one parameter is adjusted adaptively.

Abstract: A switched-mode Class F power amplifier is provided for parallel connection with at least one other like amplifier, within a Chireix architecture, for combining the signals output therefrom. An input component includes at least one active device configured to be alternately switched by a signal input thereto to present an amplified signal corresponding to the input signal and constituting a low output impedance voltage source. A lumped element impedance inverter is provided between the input component and an output resonator component, the impedance inverter being configured for transforming the low output impedance voltage source to instead constitute a high output impedance current source configured for said parallel connection. In accordance with the invention, the negative reactive component values required by the impedance inverter are eliminated and effectively provided by incorporating those values into pre-selected reactive components of the input and output components.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide an image scanner, for scanning a reflection document or a transmission document. The image scanner comprises a shell, a document window glass, a transmission document carrier, and an optical chassis. The shell has a groove on its upper surface. The document window glass is capable of connecting with the groove, for scanning the reflection document. The transmission document carrier is capable of connecting with the groove, for scanning the transmission document. The optical chassis is provided at a proper location, for retrieving the images of the reflection document and the transmission document and converting them to an electronic signal. Wherein, by placing the document window glass or transmission document carrier into the groove, the image scanner is capable of scanning the reflection document or transmission document, respectively.

Abstract: An apparatus is equipped with classifier logic to programmably extract key data from a data packet of a data stream based upon a dynamically programmable offset, compare the key data with one or more lookup tables of key entries, and store the result of the comparison as at least part of a categorization vector. The apparatus is further equipped with filter logic coupled to the classifier logic to receive the categorization vector and to programmably determine group membership of the data packet based at least in part upon the categorization vector, as well as to dynamically determine a disposition for the data packet based at least in part upon the group membership.

Abstract: A method and system for implementing a prepaid service in a packet-switched mobile communication network, in which information requested by a mobile station is delivered to the mobile station so long as the subscriber has maintained a sufficient prepaid balance from which the service charges can be deducted. An access point name definition, which points to a service node via which access to or use of an associated prepaid service is provided, is defined. A control server is used to monitor the service traffic between the mobile station and the content server after the access point name definition identified in an activation request for data service has been sent from the mobile station. Traffic monitoring continues as long as the data service is active, and the prepaid service balance in a billing database is dynamically updated to reflect the subscriber's ongoing use of the data service based on the continued monitoring of the control server.

Abstract: Circuits and methods are provided for use in a wireline or wireless transmitter to complement the digital generation of non-constant envelope modulation signals therein. A digital signal processor is configured for deconstructing a predetermined signal having an undesirable property into one or more fragment signals which do not have the undesirable property. In a preferred embodiment the predetermined signal is preconditioned by applying a preconditioning deconstruction process to another signal from which the predetermined signal is derived, whereby that other signal is deconstructed into one or more preconditioned fragment signals having an improved property over the other signal. For OFDM modulation schemes this undesirable property may be a relatively high peak-to-average power ratio. Signals formed from the fragment signals are subject to conversion to analog signals and processing by power efficient, dynamic-range limited analog circuits i.e.

Abstract: A linear guiding mechanism for a platform type optical scanner. A V-shaped track is installed inside a casing and positioned parallel to the travel path of a carrier chassis containing a system of optical devices. The upper section of the V-shaped track has a pair of support surfaces forming an included angle. The V-shaped track supports a positioning wheel or a positioning bump attached to the carrier chassis. The carrier chassis moves along the longitudinal direction of the V-shaped track when driven by a driving system. The V-shaped track may be constructed from a pair of monorails so that the driving belt may move inside the space between the monorails. An additional positioning structure may attach to the interior sidewall of the casing to serve as a retainer for the chassis in an initial position.

Abstract: A system that provides a wireless broadband connection between base stations and customer sites is described. The system includes indoor units within the base stations and customer sites and communicate across cables to outdoor units. The indoor units link to routers, switches and other devices and services. The outdoor units transmit and receive wireless data and send it to the indoor units. The indoor units can store software instructions in the outdoor unit. This allows the indoor units to automatically detect problems with outdoor unit and download new software to them in case of an error.

Abstract: A stepper motor accelerating system is used for accelerating a stepper motor from a current rotational speed to a target rotational speed. The stepper motor accelerating system comprises a controller, a pulse generator, and a driver. The controller stores a safety acceleration curve. The safety acceleration curve is defined by shifting a characteristic curve of the stepper motor with a safety margin. The controller compares the current rotational speed and the target rotational speed with the safety accelerating curve, and then gets two corresponding points on the safety accelerating curve. The controller generates a real accelerating curve based on these two corresponding points. The pulse generator receives the real accelerating curve and converts to a pulse signal. The driver receives the pulse signal, and then drives the stepper motor with the pulse signal. The present invention accelerates the stepper motor base on the safety accelerating curve.

Abstract: A generator of repetitive sets of spreading sequences comprising element (20), for counting and for forming an address and a table (30) containing L sets of S sequences, wherein the address contains q=1+log2S bits, in which one set among L (L=2q) sets is selected and wherein the log2S bits select one sequence among the S sequences in the set.