Abstract: Novel sizing compositions comprising an aqueous mixture of ammonia, an ammonium salt, and a rosin that is modified with from about 5 to 50 percent based on the weight of the rosin, of an organic acidic compound selected from the group consisting of an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated organic acid, an anhydride thereof, and their mixtures. In one embodiment, the ammonia and ammonium salt are produced as the reaction product of urea and an acid selected from the group consisting of sulfamic acid, phosphoric acid, oxalic acid, methane-sulfonic acid, trichloracetic acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, stearic acid, and acetic acid. The method of making the sizing compositions and paper which is sized with the sizing compositions are also provided.

Abstract: A camper cover for mounting over the cargo area of a vehicle, for example a truck such as a pick-up truck. The camper cover includes a plurality of frame members adapted for mounting the frame members on a vehicle to form a camper frame over the cargo area of the vehicle. An inflatable cover member is attached to the camper frame to form the camper cover. The inflatable cover member is preferably formed of opposed flexible, air tight sheets, such as polyvinylchloride, seamed together to form an inflatable enclosure between the sheets, with the sheets being further attached together by a plurality of longitudinal seams to form adjacent inflatable sections within the enclosure. The inflatable sections are in gas communication, adapted for introducing a gas, e.g., air, into and withdrawing the gas from the inflatable cover member. When inflated, the cover member conforms to the camper frame. The inflatable cover member is secured to the sidewalls of the cargo area of a vehicle.

Abstract: 3-Prenyl-substituted menaquinones are made by reacting a 3-metalo-2-alkyl-1,4-di(alkoxy or aralkoxy) naphthalene with a prenyl halide, and then oxidizing the resulting 3-prenyl-2-alkyl-1,4-di(alkoxy or aralkoxy) naphthalene to prepare the corresponding 3-prenyl-substituted menaquinone. The metallo substituent at the 3-position may be Li, Li/Cu, Cu or MgBr. The oxidation is advantageously conducted by the use of argenic oxide.

Abstract: Compositions and method for combatting swine dysentery using substituted quinoxalines represented by the formula: ##STR1## where R is hydrogen or lower alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, e.g., methyl and pentyl, are provided.

Abstract: A machine utilizing an endless band knife mounted so as to define two horizontally spaced cutting edges, both said edges facing in the same direction. A work piece support and the band knife have to and fro relative movement. The cutting edges are mounted for vertical adjustment relative to the workpiece support.

Abstract: A thermoplastic film package having a plurality of tightly held articles, such as beverage bottles, is provided with a thermoplastic film handle and with an upper surface permitting opening of the package in a manner which facilitates removal of all or a portion of the articles from the package and return of articles to the package. The positions of attachment of the handle to the package in relation to the opened upper surface of the package enable the handle to assist in maintaining the integrity and usefulness of the package after it is opened, even though it is made of thin thermoplastic film. The opened package is thus suitable for carrying all or only a portion of the contents by using the handle. The end portions of the handle can be attached to the package by a process involving preliminary tacking and subsequent heating by contact with a hot gas in a film-shrinking operation.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for reducing the loss of sodium values in a system for removing sulfur dioxide from a gas by the use of an absorption-desorption cycle employing aqueous sodium sulfite as the essential absorption solution. Sodium sulfate and/or sodium thiosulfate build-up in the system is avoided and the loss of sodium values reduced by subjecting sodium sulfate and/or sodium thiosulfate-containing material to chemical reduction to form a product containing a substantial amount of sodium carbonate. Preferably, the reduced product is subjected to carbonation followed by reaction of the bicarbonate and bisulfide components of the mixture to give a resulting liquid which is more suitable for use in the absorption-desorption process. By-product gases can be incinerated to produce sulfur dioxide-containing gases which can be charged to the sulfur dioxide absorption zone.

Abstract: Compositions and a method for combatting cholera using novel substituted quinoxalines represented by the formula ##STR1## where R is hydrogen or lower alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, e.g., methyl to pentyl, are provided. A process for preparing the compounds is also provided.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for separating components, e.g., olefinically-unsaturated hydrocarbons, from mixtures with other materials by liquid barrier permeation and metal-complexing techniques using a semi-permeable membrane and a partial pressure differential across the membrane for the material being separated. The process is characterized by the use of elevated pressure on the feed side of the membrane, preferably at least about 200 psig, a low total pressure differential, if any, across the membrane, and preferably a partial pressure of the material being separated on the exit side of the membrane which is at least about 20 psi less than on the feed side. The separated material may be removed with advantage by the use of a liquid solvent in which the material is soluble, and preferably the concentration of the material in the solvent is up to about 25 weight percent of saturation when the solvent is charged to the exit side of the membrane.

Abstract: 3-Prenyl-substituted-2-alkyl menaquinones are made by reacting an alkali metal salt of a 3-alkyl-4-alkoxy or aralkoxy-1-naphthol with a prenyl halide, and oxidizing the resulting 2-prenyl-3-alkyl-4-alkoxy or aralkoxy-1-naphthol to the corresponding 3-prenyl-substituted-2-alkyl menaquinone. There is also disclosed a procedure for making the alkali metal salts involving the preparation of an ether-ester and hydrogenolysis.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process and apparatus for the thermal treatment of crude phthalic anhydride. The process is conducted in a system with an inner chamber and outer chamber positioned therearound and the chambers have a common wall. The outer chamber may be divided into a plurality of sub-chambers and the flow of the phthalic anhydride undergoing treatment may be substantially reversed in successive ones of the sub-chambers. The system provides for more efficient use of heat and equipment.

Abstract: Apparatus for inserting a charge of nested, uniformly-shaped articles into a container such as a cannister. A charge of the articles, which may be uniformly-shaped articles and may be fragile articles such as farinaceous food chips, is separated by a metering unit from a supply of such articles and transferred into a hollow sleeve member. The filled sleeve member is rotated to a container-receiving position in which a container, such as a cardboard or paperboard cannister having one open end, is positioned over the filled sleeve member. The filled sleeve and container are then rotated to a release position in which the container, with the charge of nested, uniformly-shaped articles therein, is released from the sleeve member onto a receiver such as a conveyor which moves the filled container for further processing, for example purging with an inert gas and closing the open end.

Abstract: A heat engine operating from power derived from the difference in temperatures between, for example, solar heat ambient air and an underground water source. A plurality of enclosed tanks are supported in radially opposed pairs from a framework which is rotatable about a horizontal axis. Each tank has its interior divided by a flexible membrane to provide first and second chambers. The first chamber of each tank contains a liquid propellant, and the two first chambers of each radially opposed pair of tanks are interconnected for fluid communication therebetween. The second chamber of each tank contains a high vapor pressure fluid and is coupled to an evaporator coil positioned adjacent its tank and to a condensor coil positioned adjacent the radially opposite tank. The lower-most tank has its first chamber first coil within a hot reservoir to cause the high vapor pressure fluid to expand, applying pressure to the flexible diaphragm of that tank.

Abstract: Cis isomers of compounds represented by the formula ##STR1## are prepared by electromagnetic irradiation (about 2800 to 3500 angstroms wavelength) of their respective trans isomers. The cis isomers of the compounds of this invention are of the class of compounds known to exhibit anabolic and estrogenic activity and may be employed as animal growth promoting agents.

Abstract: Novel gas separation film membranes are made by grafting alpha-olefinic, polymerizable monomers having hydrophilic functional groups and having, e.g., about from 2 to about 12 carbon atoms, to nylon, and forming a film from the resulting copolymers. A complex-forming metal component which is active in the presence of water is provided in the film. The invention also includes the process of separating components from gaseous mixtures using the membranes. Of particular interest is the separation of aliphatically-unsaturated hydrocarbons from mixtures, for example, the separation of ethylene from one or more of ethane, methane and hydrogen.

Abstract: Wet process phosphoric acid is made by grinding phosphate rock as a slurry in water, and digesting the ground rock slurry with sulfuric acid which has been diluted by spent calcium sulfate wash water before being combined with the ground slurry.

Abstract: Apparatus for pulling a line, particularly a line having a low coefficient of friction such as an endless line oil mop. A pair of endless belts are positioned so that their facing portions define a converging space. A plurality of slats are positioned on each endless belt oriented transverse the longitudinal axis thereof. On each endless belts the slats are alternately of a first hardness and a second, lesser hardness, with each hard slat on each belt being opposite a softer slat on the other belt. The softer slats deform somewhat, and so the line is crimped between the alternating hard and soft slats. Idler rollers deform the endless belts and the slats into the converging space to massage the line as it passes therethrough, and this massaging is enhanced by guide rails which cooperate with the idler rollers.

Abstract: Hollow membrane fibers are formed from a mixture of N-alkoxyalkyl polyamide, polyvinyl alcohol, di(lower alkyl) sulfoxide and water. The fibers are useful for separating chemicals, e.g., aliphatically-unsaturated hydrocarbons, from mixtures containing them.

Abstract: N-Acyl-2,6-dialkyl-p-aminophenols wherein each of the 2,6-alkyl groups has a tertiary.alpha.-carbon atom, are used as antioxidants to stabilize edible organic substances subject to deterioration by oxidation, particularly edible fats, fatty oils, fatty alcohols, fatty acids, and esters of fatty acids.

Abstract: Process for concentrating starch contained in very dilute, aqueous mixtures having, for example, a starch content of less than about 1 weight percent. The concentrated product is obtained as an aqueous mixture containing starch solids in the amount of at least about 30 weight percent, preferably about 35 to 50 weight percent. The concentrating operation involves the sequential use of a gravity settling technique, especially lamellar plate settling, to increase the starch content of the solid-liquid mixture to about 5 to 20 weight percent. This mixture can be readily removed from the settler, and further concentrated centrifugally, e.g., in a liquid cyclone, by a factor of at least about 2 to provide the desired aqueous mixture having a concentration of at least about 30 weight percent of starch solids. The latter stream can be readily and effectively handled and treated to recover relatively pure, essentially solid, food grade starch of low moisture content, e.g., less than about 10 weight percent.