Abstract: A process of forming on a substrate a coating of a precursor of a crystalline rear earth alkaline earth copper oxide or heavy pnictide mixed alkaline earth copper oxide electrical conductor and converting the precursor to the crystalline electrical conductor.

Abstract: An electrophotographic coating composition comprising finely-divided photoconductive perylene pigment dispersed in a solvent solution of polymeric binder is prepared by the steps of (1) milling a perylene pigment with milling media comprising inorganic salt and non-conducting particles under shear conditions in the substantial absence of the solvent to provide pigment having a particle size up to 0.2 micrometer, (2) continuing the milling at higher shear at a temperature up to about 50.degree. C., to achieve a perceptible color change of the pigment particles, (3) rapidly reducing the temperature of the milled pigment by at least 10.degree. C., (4) separating the milled pigment from the media and (5) mixing the milled pigment with the solvent solution of polymeric binder to form the coating composition. A very high degree of dispersion of photoconductive perylene pigment in solvent solution of polymeric binder is achieved by this method.

Abstract: A conductive film of crystalline bismuth mixed alkaline earth oxide containing silver is disclosed. A process for promoting the growth of crystalline bismuth mixed alkaline earth oxide grains by incorporating silver prior to sintering is also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrographic recording receiver for use in a process where styli in a writing head deposit electric charges on an electrographic receiver. The receiver comprises a substrate having a conductive layer on an insulating support, a dielectric layer having an image area on the conductive layer, conductive particles embedded in the image area of the dielectric layer in contact with the conductive layer and extending or protruding through the surface of the dielectric layer to provide an electrical path between a ground and the conductive layer through the conductive particles, and insulating particles embedded in and extending through the surface of the image area of the dielectric layer to a distance greater than the conductive particles to provide a substantially uniform distance between the styli and the dielectric layer. Also disclosed is a method of making such a receiver and a method of forming an electrostatic image on such a receiver.

Abstract: An electrophotographic dry toner having excellent properties with respect to charging, RH stability and fusing is made in a process in which the binder polymer is formed by suspension polymerizing a styrene-acrylic monomer mixture in the presence of a polyester-promoted colloidal silica suspending agent which is free of other hydrophilic polymers. The resulting polymer is melt blended with toner addenda such as a colorant and a charge control agent and the mixture is pulverized to form the toner composition.

Abstract: Transparent image-recording elements that contain ink-receptive layers that can be imaged by the application of liquid ink dots. The ink-receptive layers contain a combination of a vinyl pyrrolidone polymer with a polyester, a poly(cyclohexane-dimethylene-co-oxydiethylene isophthalate-co-sodio-sulfobenzenedicarboxylate), dispersed in the vinyl pyrrolidone to control ink dot size. A printing method which employs the transparent image-recording elements is described.

Abstract: Transparent image-recording elements that contain ink-receptive layers that can be imaged by the application of liquid ink dots. The ink-receptive layers contain a combination of a vinyl pyrrolidone polymer with a polyester, a poly(cyclohexylenedimethylene-co-xylylene terephthalate-co-malonate-co-sodioiminobis(sulfonylbenzoate)) dispersed in the vinyl pyrrolidone to control ink dot size. A printing method which employs the transparent image-recording elements is described.

Abstract: Transparent image-recording elements that contain ink-receptive layers that can be imaged by the application of liquid ink dots. The ink-receptive layers contain a combination of a vinyl pyrrolidone polymer with a polyester, a poly(cyclohexanedimethylene isophthalate-co-sodiosulfobenzenedicarboxylate), dispersed in the vinyl pyrrolidone to control ink dot size. A printing method which employs the transparent image-recording elements is described.

Abstract: Information-recording elements having a support coated with a layer having one or more magnetic information-recording tracks in in contact and adjacent to one or more non-magnetic tracks. Such elements are used as magnetic information-recording components of articles, for example, credit cares, bank cards and the like. They can comprise a layer coextensive to with layer containing the tracks to protect the tracks and mask them from view for security purposes. The tracks are coated from compositions that contain dispersed particles and have flow properties adapted to provide sharply delineated edges. The tracks can be coated on a support that is laminated to another support to form an information-recording article or they can be coated on a temporary support and transferred to another support to form such article.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of making particulates. A solution is formed of a solvent. a first polymer having an intrinsic viscosity of at least 0.5, and a second polymer having an intrinsic viscosity of less than 0.5. The solution is atomized with a gas to form droplets of the solution suspended in the gas. The evaporation of the solvent leaves the particles suspended in the gas and the particles are collected to form the toner. Also disclosed is toner made by this method, and a method of making an electrographic printing plate by developing an electrostatic image with the toner, transferring the developed image to a substrate, and fixing the transferred image on the substrate. Also disclosed is an electrographic printing plate made according to that method.

Abstract: An improved reusable electrophotographic element that has an electrically conductive support, a charge-generation layer containing an aggregate photoconductive charge generating material and a charge-transport layer containing a triarylamine charge-transport material also contains 1-phenylazo-2-naphthol in a layer positioned to stabilize the element against light fatigue.

Abstract: An improved reusable electrophotographic element that has an electrically conductive support, a charge-generation layer containing an aggregate photoconductive charge generating material and a charge-transport layer containing a triarylamine charge-transport material also contains an azo compound in a layer positioned to stabilize the element against light fatigue. The azo compound has the formula: ##STR1## where each R is alkyl or alkoxy and contains up to three carbon atoms, and each of n and m is 0 or 1.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of making a fluorescent toner for use in electrostatography and a fluorescent toner and developer made by that method. A solution is prepared which comprises an organic solvent, a fluorescent dye, and an organic polymer. A pigment is precipitated by mixing the solution with a non-solvent for the polymer in the presence of a dispersant. The pigment is melt compounded with a polymeric organic binder and the melt compounded mixture is comminuted.

Abstract: Rolls with improved properties having an outer layer comprising cured fluoroelastomer containing pendant polydiorganosiloxane segments that are covalently bonded to the backbone of the fluoroelastomer. The outer layer provides a release surface that is abhesive to heat-softenable toner material.

Abstract: A reusable electrophotographic imaging element having a photoconductive surface layer of which the binder resin comprises a crystalline side chain polyester or a block copolyester or copolycarbonate having a crystalline side chain polyester block. The layer has low surface adhesion which improves the transfer of toner images to receiver sheets, improves the cleaning efficiency and prevents or reduces toner scumming on the surface layer.

Abstract: Dry or liquid developers capable of forming high resolution electrostatographic images are made from finely divided toner particles comprising a fusible branched chain, polyester resin which contains 2,3-dihydro,1,3-dioxo-2-yl-1H-isoindole-ar(-yl or -diyl) groups derived, for example, from a 2,3-dihydro-1,3-dioxo-1H-isoindole-5-carboxylic acid. The toner compositions are brittle and can be ground to very small particle size for high resolution image development; they have good cohesivity and resist toner offset; they are fusible at low temperatures; and, in preferred embodiments, are capable of forming transparent color images.

Abstract: Very small iron-containing particles that are in the shape of facetted nodules. Such particles can be non-magnetic particles such as delta ferric oxide hydrate particles or magnetic particles such as magnetic iron oxide particles or metallic particles. Magnetic layers containing such magnetic particles combine excellent remanent magnetization with increased output signal level. The facetted nodular particles are prepared in a process in which (a) an aqueous solution of ferrous salt is added to an aqueous solution of alkaline hydroxide while avoiding substantial local excesses of the ferrous salt, and subjecting the ferrous salt solution to reducing conditions before or during its addition to the alkaline hydroxide solution and (b) the ferrous hydroxide particles are oxidized to delta ferric oxide hydrate particles in the presence of an iron complexing agent, for example, pyrogallol, that is capable of selectively forming ferric iron complexes that are soluble in the reaction medium.

Abstract: Image transfer properties of an electrophotographic imaging element are improved by heterogeneously dispersing, as a separate phase within the photoconductive surface layer of the element, finely divided particles of an abhesive substance which is nonconductive and spreadable and to which toner particles adhere less strongly than to the composition of the surface layer in the abhesive substance. An example of the abhesive substance is a particulate low molecular weight telomer of tetrafluoroethylene.

Abstract: A reusable electrophotographic imaging element having a photoconductive surface layer in which the binder resin comprises a block copolyester or copolycarbonate having a fluorinated polyether block. The layer has low surface adhesion and affords improved transfer of toner images to receiver sheets.

Abstract: The image transfer properties and other properties of a fusible dry toner composition are improved by blending the binder resin of the toner with a multiphase polyorganosiloxane block or graft condensation copolymer which provides polyorganosiloxane domains of particular size and concentration at the toner particle surfaces.