Abstract: This process relates to the oxidation of phenoxytoluenes to phenoxybenzoic acids utilizing a hydrogen peroxide activated, bromide promoted cobalt catalyst which can be performed at atmospheric pressure and at moderate temperatures. These phenoxybenzoic acids can then be esterified and selectively nitrated to give the corresponding 2-nitro-5-(substituted)phenoxybenzoic acid esters. Alternatively the acids can be nitrated and then esterified.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel organophosphorothiolates and phosphorodithioates of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) alkyl group;R' is a (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6) alkyl group;Y is an oxygen atom or sulfur atom;X is a halogen atom, a (C.sub.1 -C.sub.5) alkyl group, or a (C.sub.1 -C.sub.5) alkoxy group;m is an integer from 0 to 3; andA is(a) a (C.sub.1 -C.sub.5) alkyl group;(b) a (C.sub.1 -C.sub.5) alkyl group substituted with up to three halogen atoms;(c) a (C.sub.5 -C.sub.6) cycloalkyl group;(d) a (C.sub.7 -C.sub.10) aralkyl group, the aryl portion of which is optionally substituted with up to three halogen atoms, cyano groups, nitro groups, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.5) alkyl groups, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.5) alkoxy groups, or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.5) alkylthic groups; or(e) an aryl group of the formula: ##STR2## wherein X' is a halogen atom, a nitro group, a cyano group, a (C.sub.1 -C.sub.5) alkyl group, a (C.sub.1 -C.sub.5) alkoxy group or a (C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: Substituted 1,2,4-4H-triazoles of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are hydrogen atoms and R.sup.3 is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl benzyl or phenyl. These compounds are fungicides and are particularly useful for the control of cereal rust.

Abstract: This invention relates to phenoxy, phenylthio, phenylsulfinyl and phenylsulfonyl substituted cyano aralkyl imidazoles and triazoles, their enantiomorphs, acid addition salts and metal salt complexes thereof as well as their methods of preparation and use as broad spectrum systemic fungicides useful in controlling phytopathogenic fungi.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel phosphoramidates of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, or optionally substituted aralkyl, aryl, pyridyl, pyridylmethyl, pyridylethyl or pyrazinyl;R.sup.2 is hydrogen provided R.sup.1 is other than optionally substituted aryl; alkyl; cycloalkyl; alkoxyalkyl; alkylthioalkyl; cyanoalkyl; alkenyl; optionally substituted aralylky; or optionally substituted aryl, provided R.sup.1 is other than hydrogen;R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form an optionally substituted morpholino or piperidino group;R.sup.3 is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, or optionally substituted aralkyl or aryl;R.sup.4 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6) alkyl;R.sup.5 is (C.sub.3 -C.sub.4) alkyl; andX, Y and Z are independently oxygen or sulfur;the agronomically acceptable metal salts and metal salt complexes thereof; and to methods of using them to control nematodes.

Abstract: Insecticidal compositions which comprise an O-ethyl S-n-propyl O-halophenyl phosphorothiolate can be safened by adding to the compositions a safening amount of toxaphene (octochlorocamphene) or DDT. These safened compositions are particularly useful in controlling insects in growing cotton crops.

Abstract: This invention relates to solid nonionic crosslinked resins containing amine or phosphine borane adducts and their use as reducing agents for metal ions.

Abstract: Isothiazolidin-3-ones of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, carbamoyl, or thiocarbamoyl group,R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are halogen atoms or alkyl groups, andX is a halogen atom and compositions containing them are useful in controlling microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, algae, and the like.

Abstract: This invention relates to substituted arylcyanoalkyl and diarylcyanoalkylimidazoles, their acid addition salts and their metal salt complexes and their use as broad spectrum protectant-eradicant fungicides.

Abstract: Substituted 1,2,4-4H-triazoles of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is a variety of groups including alkyl, --C(O)R.sup.4, --CH(OH)CCl.sub.3 and substituted benzyl and phenyl and R.sup.8 is alkyl. These compounds are fungicides and are particularly useful for the control of cereal rusts.

Abstract: This disclosure teaches that certain halo aniline derivatives, when applied post-emergence to plants, effect a modification of the growth pattern of said plant.

Abstract: This disclosure describes novel aralkyl imidazoles, their acid addition salts, their metal complex salts and processes for their preparation. These compounds possess biological activity and in particular are useful as systemic protectant/eradicant fungicidal agents for controlling plant diseases caused by fungi and as plant growth regulators. The metal complex salts of these compounds are particularly useful in their ability to reduce undesirable plant growth regulatory activity and phytotoxicity while retaining their ability for controlling plant diseases caused by fungi.

Abstract: This disclosure describes novel aralkyl imidazoles, their acid addition salts, their metal complex salts and processes for their preparation. These compounds possess biological activity and in particular are useful as systemic protectant/eradicant fungicidal agents for controlling plant diseases caused by fungi and as plant growth regulators. The metal complex salts of these compounds are particularly useful in their ability to reduce undesirable plant growth regulatory activity and phytotoxicity while retaining their ability for controlling plant diseases caused by fungi.

Abstract: This invention relates to a quantitative analytical method for the isolation and determination of 3-isothiazolones in aqueous or nonaqueous media.The method involves isolating the isothiazolone by adsorbing it on a support; treating the isothiazolone with a reducing agent thereby cleaving the ring; reacting the resulting sulfhydryl group with a color forming reagent whose color development is directly proportional to the concentration of the isothiazolone and measuring the isothiazolone concentration via a calibrated color comparator or colorimeter.

Abstract: Novel compounds belonging to the class of 3-carboxy (or the physiologically acceptable salts thereof), 3-carbalkoxy, and 3-carbamoyl-1-alkyl-4,6-disubstituted pyrid-2-ones. These compounds possess biological activity and in particular are gametocides and plant growth regulators. Novel 3-cyano-1-alkyl-4,6-disubstituted pyrid-2-ones are also disclosed as intermediates.

Abstract: This disclosure describes novel aralkyl imidazoles, their acid addition salts, their metal complex salts and processes for their preparation. These compounds possess biological activity and in particular are useful as systemic protectant/eradicant fungicidal agents for controlling plant diseases caused by fungi and as plant growth regulators. The metal complex salts of these compounds are particularly useful in their ability to reduce undesirable plant growth regulatory activity and phytotoxicity while retaining their ability for controlling plant diseases caused by fungi.

Abstract: Novel compounds belonging to the class of 1-substituted benzylpyrid-2-one-4,6-dialkyl and 4,5,6-trisubstituted-3-carboxylic acids, amides, esters and physiologically acceptable salts. These compounds possess biological activity and in particular are gametocides and plant growth regulators.Novel 1-substituted benzyl-3-cyano-4,5,6-trisubstituted pyrid-2-ones are also disclosed as intermediates.

Abstract: This invention concerns the preparation of 1-substituted imidazole metal salt complexes and their use particularly as systemic fungicides. The preparation of the metal salt complexes of these imidazoles produces a safening effect, i.e., the ability to reduce undesirable plant growth regulatory activity and phytotoxicity while retaining the efficacy of the compounds against phytopathogenic fungi.

Abstract: This invention relates to the selective herbicidal activity of fluoroaminopyridazines. In particular, these compounds exhibit preemergence and postemergence herbicidal activity on many of the major weeds including perennial weeds such as nutsedge and quackgrass. These compounds are particularly effective in selectively controlling weeds in agronomic crops.

Abstract: Weeds can be controlled by the application as a herbicide of m-dinitrobenzene. This compound is particularly effective for selectively controlling weeds in agronomic crops.