Abstract: An adaptive apparatus and method for detecting a receiving signal employing constrained minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion as an adaptive algorithm for detecting CDMA receiving signal. The apparatus comprises an adaptive filtering means; a channel estimating means; a signal restoring means; a selecting means; a reference signal generating means; an error calculating means; and a tap weight controlling means. In the apparatus, an adaptive filter can be normally operated even if compensating a phase and amplitude of a channel at the same time.

Abstract: A pulsed optical parametric oscillator comprising a spectrally pure source or emitting pumping wave pulses, a non-linear crystal to which the pumping wave is applied, a resonant cavity for the complementary wave defined by two same-axis mirrors situated on opposite sides of the crystal, a cavity for the signal wave defined by two same-axis mirrors situated on opposite sides of the crystal, and means for adjusting the length of one or both cavities, wherein the oscillator is a monomode pulsed parametric oscillator and wherein one of the two mirrors for each cavity is situated between the two mirrors of the other cavity.

Abstract: A frame buffer including a memory array, circuitry for accessing the array, a plurality of latches each capable of storing a plurality of pixel values equivalent to a large portion of a row of pixels in the array which may be read simultaneously from the array, and circuitry for writing simultaneously to the memory cells of a row of the array the data stored in the latches whereby a row of pixels may be read and written back to the array bus in a minimum time period.

Abstract: Circuitry for preventing slow erasing and slow programming in non-volatile semiconductor memories is disclosed. This circuitry establishes the potential on the source regions of cells in blocks not currently being programming so as to substantially prevent the occurrences of slow erasing and slow programming which can alter the state or condition of the cells.