Abstract: The need for the delivery of insulin by injection can be reduced or eliminated by a method whereby an aerosolized insulin formulation is delivered to a patient's lungs and the rate at which the insulin is absorbed into the blood is increased by the use of monomeric insulin and/or an inhale-exhale breathing maneuver. Particles of insulin and in particular monomeric insulin delivered to the surface of lung tissue will be absorbed into the circulatory system. The rate of absorption is enhanced by the monomeric form of insulin and by instructing the patient to inhale maximally and thereafter exhale maximally. This maneuver causes a spike in the rate at which insulin enters the circulatory system thereby increasing the rate at which glucose is removed from the circulatory system. The insulin or insulin analog may be a dry powder but is preferably in a liquid formulation delivered to the patient from a hand-held, self-contained device which automatically releases an aerosolized burst of formulation.

Abstract: There are provided vanadium compositions for use in the treatment of hypertension, obesity and diabetes, in particular improved oral compositions comprising oxovanadium (IV) chelates of monoprotic, bidentate oxygen, oxygen and oxygen, nitrogen coordinating ligands especially kojic acid, maltol and ethyl maltol.

Abstract: A method for reconstructing corroded pipes is disclosed in which a long, new pipe can be inserted smoothly and without excessive force, into an older pipe. The method involves the insertion of a new pipe into an old pipe using a dolly to transfer the reaction force. The tail end of the new pipe is attached to the dolly, and the front end of the new pipe is sealed off. A plug is inserted into the dolly from the tail end of the new pipe, which is filled with pressurized water. The dolly is then moved in the direction of the old pipe to insert the new pipe into the old pipe.

Abstract: Water-based, water-fast ink compositions are provided. The compositions contain an aqueous liquid vehicle, a colorant, e.g., a pigment, dye or stain, and a binder material capable of ionically or physically entrapping the selected colorant. The binder material contains two ionically associated components which form a matrix, and comprises either a combination of a monomeric polyacid and a monomeric polybase, or a combination of a basic polymer and an organic acid.

Abstract: The invention provides a system for assaying protein-protein interactions. Amino acid sequences of interest are inserted into `bait` and `prey` fusion proteins. The bait fusion proteins include a DNA-binding domain. The prey fusion proteins include a transcriptional repression domain. The interaction of the bait and prey fusion proteins is detected by the repression of reporter genes. The reporter genes have operator sequences to which the DNA-binding domain of the bait fusion protein can bind. The reporter genes are expressed unless the prey fusion protein interacts with a bait fusion protein at the operator region of the reporter gene. When a prey fusion protein binds to a bait fusion protein, the expression of the reporter gene is repressed. Compounds that interfere with the interaction of bait and prey fusion proteins may be detected by their ability to reverse the repression of the reporter genes.

Abstract: Lipophilic active substance composition and its use in a new method of treating erectile dysfunction by administration thereof, optionally together with a hydrophilic vehicle and optionally an antibacterial agent into the urethra.

Abstract: Dosages of inhaled insulin are controlled within a narrow range by controlling the total volume of air inhaled by a patient. By repeatedly delivering aerosolized insulin with the same total inhaled volume of air, the amount of insulin delivered to the patient each time is consistent. A device for delivering insulin by inhalation is disclosed which device comprises a means for measuring inhaled volume and for halting inhalation at a pre-determined point. The device also comprises an adjustable means for applying various amounts of force to a container of formulation to expel different amounts of drug from the container based on the force applied.

Abstract: Methods for producing a room temperature stable, phase pure .alpha.-C.sub.3 P product, and compositions derived therefrom, are provided. In the subject method, a tricalcium phosphate source is heated to a temperature sufficient to convert substantially all of said tricalcium phosphate source to a substantially phase pure .alpha.-C.sub.3 P product. The temperature of the resultant product is rapidly cooled to a temperature below about 700.degree. C., resulting in a room temperature stable, reactive .alpha.-C.sub.3 P product. The resultant .alpha.-C.sub.3 P product may be milled to provide an .alpha.-C.sub.3 P composition which may find use in the preparation of calcium phosphate cements.

Abstract: Secretory gland cells, particularly pancreatic and salivary gland cells, are genetically altered to operatively incorporate a gene which expresses a protein which has a desired therapeutic effect on a mammalian subject. The expressed protein is secreted directly into the gastrointestinal tract and/or blood stream to obtain therapeutic blood levels of the protein thereby treating the patient in need of the protein. The transformed secretory gland cells provide long term therapeutic cures for diseases associated with a deficiency in a particular protein or which are amenable to treatment by overexpression of a protein.

Abstract: Disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions that comprise gallium complexes of 3-hydroxy-4-pyrones. These compositions provide enhanced gallium bioavailability particularly when orally administered as compared to the gallium bioavailability achieved by use of pharmaceutical compositions containing gallium salts. Compositions included in this invention are useful in providing gallium to humans and other mammals for a wide variety of medical and veterinary applications, including the treatment, prevention, or diagnosis of hypercalcemia, certain cancers, certain disorders of calcium homeostasis, and certain bone diseases including osteoporosis, osteopenia, and Paget's disease.

Abstract: Methods of enzymatic nucleic acid sequencing are provided in which solid-phase capturable chain terminators are employed. In the subject methods, sequencing fragments are generated, where the fragments comprise capturable chain terminators. The fragments are then captured on a solid phase and separated from the remaining components of the sequencing reaction. The fragments are then released from the solid phase, size separated and detected to yield sequencing data from which the sequence of the nucleic acid is determined.

Abstract: Methods and formulations for treating female sexual dysfunction are provided. A pharmaceutical composition formulated so as to contain a selected vasodilating agent is administered to the vagina or vulvar area of the individual undergoing treatment. Suitable vasodilating agents include naturally occurring prostaglandins, synthetic prostaglandin derivatives, endothelial-derived relaxation factors, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide agonists, smooth muscle relaxants, leukotriene inhibitors, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters and inclusion complexes of any of the foregoing, and mixtures thereof. The novel formulations are also useful for preventing the occurrence of yeast infections, improving vaginal muscle tone and tissue health, enhancing vaginal lubrication, and minimizing excess collagen deposition. A clitoral drug delivery device is also provided.

Abstract: Cyclic and acyclic 2-aminopurine phosphonate nucleotide analogs useful to treat herpes viral infections are provided in enantiomerically pure form. Pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treating herpes viral infections are provided as well, as is a chiral synthesis for preparing the novel compounds in enantiomerically pure form.

Abstract: The need for the delivery of insulin by injection can be reduced or eliminated by a method whereby an aerosolized insulin formulation is delivered to a patient's lungs and the rate at which the insulin is absorbed into the blood is increased by the use of monomeric insulin and/or an inhale-exhale breathing maneuver. Particles of insulin and in particular monomeric insulin delivered to the surface of lung tissue will be absorbed into the circulatory system. The rate of absorption is enhanced by the monomeric form of insulin and by instructing the patient to inhale maximally and thereafter exhale maximally. This maneuver causes a spike in the rate at which insulin enters the circulatory system thereby increasing the rate at which glucose is removed from the circulatory system. The insulin or insulin analog may be a dry powder but is preferably in a liquid formulation delivered to the patient from a hand-held, self-contained device which automatically releases an aerosolized burst of formulation.

Abstract: There are provided vanadium compositions for use in the treatment of hypertension, obesity and diabetes, in particular improved oral compositions comprising oxovanadium (IV) chelates of monoprotic, bidentate oxygen, oxygen and oxygen, nitrogen coordinating ligands especially kojic acid, maltol and ethyl maltol.

Abstract: Plasmodium is shown to have an inhibition sensitive sphingomyelin synthase activity necessary for ring and early trophozoite maturation. Inhibitors can therefore be used to treat malarial infection which can differentiate between inhibition sensitive Plasmodium sphingomyelin synthase and mammalian synthase. Inhibitors of interest include 1-phenyl-3-morpholino-2-acylated-aminopropanol-1.

Abstract: Phosphorylated saccharide of the present invention includes at least one phosphate group in its molecule, selected from the group consisting of glucan, mannan, dextran, agar, cyclodextrin, fucoidan, gellan gum, Locust bean gum, guar gum, tamarind gum, and xanthan gum.

Abstract: Novel compounds useful as inhibitors of estrone sulfatase are provided. The compounds have the structural formula (I) ##STR1## wherein X and Y, or Y and Z, form an oxathiazine dioxide ring or a dihydro-oxathiazine dioxide ring, and the other various substituents are as defined herein. Pharmaceutical compositions and methods for using the compounds of formula (I) to treat estrogen-dependent disorders are provided as well.

Abstract: Isolated human herpesvirus type 8 nucleic acid sequences expressed in latently infected human cells including primary Kaposi's sarcoma cells, primary pulmonary tumor cells, and a body cavity based lymphoma cell line are disclosed. Methods of detecting HHV-8 infection and methods of inhibiting expression of the nucleic acid sequences in vivo are also disclosed.

Abstract: Benign prostatic hyperplasia-prostate specific antigen (BPH-PSA) and methods for its preparation are provided. Also provided are antibodies specific for BPH-PSA, and methods of their use in immunoassays for detecting the presence of BPH-PSA in a sample. The subject immunoassays find use in diagnosing the conditions associated with elevated serum PSA levels, such as prostate cancer and BPH.