Abstract: Novel antiandrogenic agents are provided. An exemplary group of compounds has the structural formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 through R.sup.10, a and b are as defined herein. Pharmaceutical compositions and methods for using the compounds of formula (I) to treat androgen-related clinical conditions are provided, as are methods and compositions for using the compounds as contraceptive agents.

Abstract: Agents useful for detecting hypoxic tumor cells are provided. The compounds have the structural formula (I) ##STR1## Methods of using the compounds to detect hypoxic tumor cells are also provided, as are pharmaceutical compositions formulated with the novel compounds.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for the modulation of monocyte binding to endothelial cells, particularly during inflammatory episodes. Compositions are provided which bind to one or both of the monocyte surface membrane protein or the endothelial surface membrane protein which are complementary or result in the adhesion of the monocyte to the endothelial cell. The subject compositions can be used in diagnosis or therapy.

Abstract: A method for treating a mammal with a demyelinating disease associated with an immunological disorder comprising administering methylcobalamin or cyanocobalamin.

Abstract: Protein complexes consisting of a cyclin dependent kinase CDK4 and cyclin D control passage through the G1 checkpoint of the cell cycle by phosphorylating the retinoblastoma protein. The ability of these complexes to phosphorylate RB is inhibited by a family of low molecular weight proteins, including p16, p15 and p18. Germline mutations in the p16 gene have been identified in approximately half of families with hereditary A mutation is described in CDK4 in two unrelated melanoma families that do not carry germline p16 mutations. This CDK4-R24C mutation was detected in 11/11 melanoma patients, 2/17 unaffecteds and 0/5 spouses. This mutation has a specific effect of the p16 binding domain of CDK4, but has no effect on its ability to bind cyclin D and form a functional kinase. Therefore, the germline R24C mutation in CDK4 generates a dominant oncogene that is resistant to normal physiological inhibition by p16.

Abstract: A method is provided for manufacturing a fiber optic sensor for detecting or measuring the concentration of carbon dioxide in a sample fluid. The method involves incorporation of a fluorescent indicator composition in a silicone capsule slidably arranged over the tip of a fiber optic, sealed with a suitable adhesive. To amplify the detectable signal obtained, the capsule is preferably fabricated so as to contain reflective particles, and tapers to a narrow tip. Novel optical sensors, manufactured using the aforementioned method, are provided as well.

Abstract: Novel polyketides and novel methods of efficiently producing both new and known polyketides, using recombinant technology, are disclosed. In particular, a novel host-vector system is described which is used to produce polyketide synthases which in turn catalyze the production of a variety of polyketides.

Abstract: Liquid, flowable formulations including aqueous formulations of a pharmaceutically active drug are packaged in individual dosage unit containers which containers are interconnected to form a cellular array designed to be integrated into a dispensing device capable of individually opening dosage unit containers and aerosolizing the contents through a nozzle for delivery to a patient. The cellular array is comprised of a plurality of containers with each container having an opening(s) thereon from which a drug-containing formulation may be aerosolized. The dispensing device is a hand-held, self-contained, portable device comprised of a means for removing covers from the containers and automatically dispensing the formulation from individual containers, preferably in response to a signal obtained as a result of measuring the inspiratory flow of a patient.

Abstract: The gene responsible for an autosomal dominant con-rod retinal dystrophy is identified, TULP2. The genes are used to produce the encoded protein; in screening for compositions that modulate the expression or function of TULP2 protein; and in studying associated physiological pathways.

Abstract: A fiber optic sensing device for measuring a chemical or physiological parameter of a body fluid or tissue is provided. To one end of the fiber is attached a polymer including a plurality of photoactive moieties selected from the group consisting of chromophores and lumophores, the photoactive moieties spaced apart so as to minimize chemical or physical interaction therebetween while optimizing the density of photoactive moieties. In one embodiment, a polymer chain is covalently bound to photoactive moieties through functional groups such as esters, amides, or the like. In a second embodiment, a polymer chain is inherently fluorescent and is formed from at least one monomeric unit. These devices are particularly useful as pH and oxygen sensors.

Abstract: A method is provided for calibrating sensors used to analyze characteristics of physiologic fluids such as blood. The method involves the use of a sensor assembly having an analyte-responsive sensor in communication with a passageway which is in divertable fluid communication with a physiologic line and a conduit by which a reference sample may be introduced into the passageway. The method involves exposing the sensor to the reference sample, thereby producing a sensor response. The method also allows performing quality control on the sensors. Also provided is an apparatus with which the claimed method may be practiced.

Abstract: An artificial plasma-like substance having at least one water soluble polysaccharide oncotic agent selected from the group consisting of high molecular weight hydroxyethyl starch, low molecular weight hydroxyethyl starch, dextran 40 and dextran 70, and albumin which is buffered by lactate and has a pre-administration pH of between 5 and 6.5 is disclosed. Also disclosed is an artificial plasma-like solution having at least two water soluble polysaccharide oncotic agents one of which is eliminated from the circulation slowly and the other of which is eliminated from the circulation quickly. Supplimentation of the plasma-like solution with certain ions is described. A system for administration of the plasma-like solution to a subject wherein the system comprises a first and second solution each having particular buffers is described. The plasma-like solution including cryoprotective adducts is also disclosed.

Abstract: Novel antihypercholesterolemic agents are provided. An exemplary group of compounds has the structural formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R is a C-17 side chain, R.sup.1 is --OH, .dbd.O, or the like, and X and Y are CH, C--OH, C--OCH.sub.3 or C--Z. Methods of using the compound of formula (I) or other novel oxysterol analogs to treat hypercholesterolemia are provided, as are pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds.