Abstract: A page to be delivered to a user device is stored as page components. Based on characteristics of the user device, a page profile, an ad-banner profile and a thumbnail profile are selected. The page components are rendered based on the selected profiles. Further customization may be provided from information stored in a registration profile of a sending user and/or a registration profile of a receiving user.

Abstract: A container for a product is used with an external device having long-range communication capability and short-range communication capability and location sensing capability. The container has a storage element for storing an access code for a central facility and a container identification code, a first data acquisition component for detecting that the container has been opened, and a second data acquisition component for sensing an identity of a nearby person, the nearby person being a member of a group registered at a central facility, the container identification code not uniquely associated with a member of the group. The container also has a local communication interface for communicating with the external device using the short-range communication capability of the external device, and a processor for producing information and directing the local communication interface to send the information to the external device.

Abstract: An automated marketplace is separated into tiers, with behavioral requirements for each tier. Tier eligibility is a “structural incentive” for market participants to exhibit desirable behavior and eschew undesirable behavior. Tiered eligibility also reflects the natural imbalance of liquidity in the market and the need to preserve the identity of a class of liquidity providers, which further leads to a structure that can preserve the integrity of person-to-person trading relationships even in an automated environment. Within each tier, participant behavior leads to a ranking for that participant. When specific events occur, these events are allocated based on participant ranking. Participant ranking is an “activity incentive” that influences the behavior of market participants. Certain events are defined as desirable or undesirable, and when performed by a market participant, lead to positive incentives or negative incentives, of structural and/or monetary type.

Abstract: A central facility communicates with a portable container via a mobile device. A computer at the central facility receives (a) usage data, in association with identification tag information for the portable container, from the mobile device associated with the portable container, the usage data generated by a usage sensor in the portable container, (b) environmental data from the mobile device associated with the portable container, the environmental data generated by an environmental sensor, and (c) patient data from the mobile device associated with the portable container, the patient data generated by a patient sensor. The central facility computer stores the usage data, the environmental data and the patient data in a record associated with the identification tag information. The central facility computer analyzes the usage data, the environmental data and the patient data relative to a situational rule, to determine an action.

Abstract: The portion of email traffic that cannot be definitively determined to be spam or definitively determined to be ham (non-spam) is processed by sending a bounceback email to the sender, requiring the sender to reply using a sub-address created by the bounceback generator. The type of bounceback email depends on whether the domain of the received email indicates that the sender is or is not likely to be a spammer. When the sender is not likely to be a spammer, the bounceback email includes a sub-address in computer readable form. When the sender is likely to be a spammer, the bounceback email includes a test that must be solved to yield the sub-address; preferably, the test is very difficult for a computer to solve but reasonably easy for a human to solve. When a reply email to the bounceback email (“reply bounceback”) is received, the presence of the sub-address indicates that the sender is not a spammer, so the reply bounceback is determined to be ham and delivered to the destination mailbox.

Abstract: A central counterparty for data management (CCDM) receives data relating to financial transactions, associates the data with metadata to create reference data, stores the reference data and provides the reference data in “push” and “pull” ways. The “push” techniques for providing the data include distributing on a data feed, sending the data to parties known to be relevant to the transaction, and sending the data to parties who have a standing query that is satisfied by the data. The “pull” techniques for providing the data include responding to queries received from a variety of parties. The CCDM generates and distributes unique, unambiguous and universal identifiers (U3id's) and associates the U3id identifiers with the reference data.

Abstract: A container for a product uses a location circuit for determining the location of the container, a storage element for storing a container identification code, a plurality of data acquisition components for acquiring status of at least two characteristics of at least one of the container, the product and a user of the product, and a communication interface for generating and sending a communication signal including (a) the container identification code from the storage element, (b) the location of the container from the location circuit, and (c) the status of the at least two characteristics from the data acquisition components. The container may be an auto-injector for containing a medicament, or a case for containing an item such as an auto-injector. Generally, the location circuit uses the global positioning system (GPS).

Abstract: There are provided a device and a method for cleaning teeth. The device comprises a brush, a shaft connected to the brush, a neck surrounding the shaft along a substantial portion of the length of the shaft, and a controller coupled to the shaft at the end of the shaft opposite the brush, the controller being mounted at the base of the neck so as to be movable between a first position that extends the brush away from the neck, and a second position that retracts the brush towards the neck. The method comprises inserting, between adjacent teeth, a device having a brush, a controller and a handle, the controller for effecting movement of the brush in a direction generally perpendicular to the handle, and keeping the handle generally stationary while moving the controller up and down to move the brush along front-to-back and back-to-front paths between the adjacent teeth. Moving the controller may occur via pressure from a user's finger, or via force from a motor in the device.

Abstract: An injector, when dispensing its dosage, determines its location, and sends a message to a central facility, such as a rescue center or product management system, giving its unique identification number and its location. The injector is a syringe or an auto-injector. The central facility uses the unique identification number to determine the contents of the injector and thus what sort of threat may have occurred so that suitable rescue personnel may be dispatched. The unique identification number may also be associated with a likely user of the device, and the user's organization may be notified that a problem has occurred and help is on its way.

Abstract: In a peer-to-peer fashion, various host computers communicate with various remote computers using the Internet so that user inputs from the remote computers are transferred to the host computers as if the user inputs occurred locally, and information generated by the host computers is displayed on the remote computers. Thus, a remote computer is able to access all of the information and application programs on the host computer.

Abstract: A product information tag, typically for a medical product such as a drug or device, is prepared in accordance with various rules. The product information tag is associated with the product as it travels from a product distributor to a shipper, to a customer such as a doctor and possibly even to a patient. When the product information tag is created, a database record for the product is also created. As the product passes into the possession of different parties, the database record is updated with information regarding the location and usage of the product. Different field devices, possessed by different parties such as the shipper or the doctor, are able to read the product information tag to obtain additional information relating to the product from the database and/or to provide supplemental information about the product to the database.

Abstract: A portable device enables access to a host computer via a guest computer. The portable device is connected to the guest computer, and a program stored in a memory on the portable device is activated, the program including instructions for establishing communication with the host computer such that input to the guest computer serves as input to the host computer, and output displays from the host computer are displayed on the guest computer. The portable device includes a cryptographic processor for performing cryptographic processing for communicating with the host computer. The portable device also includes a protected memory for storing a private key accessible to the cryptographic processor, the private key being used during cryptographic processing. The protected memory can be internal or external to the cryptographic processor.

Abstract: In automated alternative dispute resolution, a communication from a party is automatically received, the communication being a portion of a pre-defined dispute resolution process, the communication is processed, and returned to the party. A comment relating to an automated alternative dispute resolution process is automatically provided by determining that an action or inaction by a subject has occurred in a pre-defined dispute resolution process, preparing a comment about the subject's action or inaction, and sending the comment to a comment collection system. A record is automatically prepared for an alternative dispute resolution process by collecting communications between an automated alternative dispute resolution system and at least one of the parties to the dispute, automatically summarizing the collection of communications, and presenting the summary and the collection of communications to a dispute resolver.

Abstract: An electrical receptacle has an outlet and senses the operating temperature and automatically turns off when the temperature rises above a predetermined threshold. The receptacle has a reset button that must be manually operated to enable operation of the outlet to resume.

Abstract: An electrical receptacle has multiple thermal sensors, each of which can trigger automatic shut off when the temperature rises above a predetermined threshold. After automatically turning off, the receptacle remains permanently non-conducting.

Abstract: An electrical receptacle senses its operating temperature and automatically turns off when the temperature rises above a predetermined threshold. The receptacle has a button that visually indicates when the receptacle has reached its temperature threshold. After automatically turning off, the receptacle remains permanently non-conducting.

Abstract: A clasp for an ornamental material, such as knitwear, has two portions. One end of a clasp portion serves as a mating face, while the other end of a clasp portion has an aperture. The mating faces have complementary registration structures, such as a bump and well, peg and hole, and so on. The apertures receive and conceal the ends of the ornamental material. Thus, a wearable item, such as a necklace, belt, anklet, shawl, sweater, shrug, cape or bracelet, and so on, can be readily formed from knitwear or other ornamental material.

Abstract: A complaint resolution system, also referred to as a disputes system, enables registered consumers to file a complaint against a merchant. During complaint preparation, the disputes system advises the consumer of relevant cases and other information, allows the consumer to vent their emotions, and prepares a well-formed complaint on behalf of the consumer. After the consumer approves filing of the complaint, the complaint is compared with the merchant's stored business rules. If the merchant's solution for the problem and the consumer's desired solution match, then the disputes system automatically forms an agreement. The disputes system monitors compliance with the agreement by the merchant and consumer.

Abstract: A procedure is a template that specifies trigger conditions and what to do when the trigger conditions occur, or do not occur within a specified time. Generally, a procedure corresponds to an order handling strategy used by a trader. A menu of standard procedures exist, and custom procedures are accommodated after being qualified for use in the present system. An interest represents an intent to trade. In contrast, an order is a definite commitment to buy or sell a certain amount. Generally, an institution or professional trader will know that they wish to trade when conditions are right, but will not be quite ready to submit an order. The institution or trader thus represents untapped market liquidity. By representing such liquidity as interests, the liquidity can be more efficient coupled to markets.

Abstract: A wide bandwidth coupler has two outer elements around a center element. The outer elements are rectangular at their outside portions and each have a tapered nose portion next to the center element. A matching network electrically connects the two outer elements and the center element. The center element is connected to a first portion of a signal feed structure, while one of the outer elements connects to a second portion of a signal feed structure.

Abstract: A method for detecting a tracking error in a process of tracking a groove track on a recording medium includes the steps of: irradiating a first light spot onto a groove track on a recording medium as a focused light beam for carrying out recording, reproducing, or erasing of information on the groove track of the recording medium; and irradiating a second and a third light spots onto an area around the groove track on the recording medium as focused light beams simultaneously with the irradiation of the first light spot, the second and third light spots are irradiated onto an area around the groove track on one side of the first light spot in a manner such that each of the second and third light spots covers both an inside and outside of the groove track.