Abstract: Glutamate causes migration and proliferation of retinal pigment epithelium and/or glial cells, and glutamate antagonists can prevent, treat or reduce retinal pigment epithelium and/or glial migration and the subsequent development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Avoidance or management of proliferative vitreoretinopathy can be achieved by administering to the patient a compound capable of reducing glutamate-induced retinal cell migration in a concentration effective to reduce such migration.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of derivatives of E-type prostaglandins as EP2 agonists, in general, and, in particular as ocular hypotensives. The PGE derivatives used in accordance with the invention are represented by the following formula I: wherein the hatched segment represents an ? bonds, the solid triangle represents a ? bond, the wavy segments represent ? or ? bond, dashed lines represent a double bond or a single bond, X is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and halogen radicals, R3 is heteroaryl or a substituted heteroaryl radical, R1 and R2 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen or a lower alkyl radical having up to six carbon atoms, or a lower acyl radical having up to six carbon atoms, R is selected from the group consisting of CO2R4, CONR42, CH2OR4, CONR4SO2R4, P(O)(OR4) and wherein R4 is selected from the group consisting of H, phenyl and lower alkyl having from one to six carbon atoms and n is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 4.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is compound 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or a prodrug thereof. Compound 1 is useful for treating or preventing a variety of diseases or conditions. Results presented herein also demonstrate that Compound 1 is a prostaglandin D2 antagonist, and as such is useful in the treatment or prevention of prostaglandin D2 mediated conditions or diseases. A method comprising administering a prostaglandin D2 antagonist to a mammal suffering from a disease or condition selected from the group consisting of the gastrointestinal tract disorders or diseases, hyperalgesia, allodynia, abdominal cramping, glaucoma, ocular hypertension, and ocular hypotension is also disclosed herein. Pharmaceutical compositions and products comprising compound 1 are also disclosed.

Abstract: According to the invention there is provided a compound the formula I; wherein A, X, B, R1, R2, R3 and R4 are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: A composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of cyclosporin A, a blend of oils having a specific gravity of from 0.90 to 1.07, and a surfactant is disclosed herein.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions comprising an amide related to a prostaglandin and an amine wherein the amine is selected from the group consisting of epinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, and analogs or prodrugs thereof. Also disclosed are certain chemical compounds, pharmaceutical compositions, and methods of treating glaucoma.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of imidazoles by reacting a cyano compound with a silylalkylisocyanide compound. Such imidazoles are useful pharmacologically-active compounds and/or intermediates for the preparation of pharmacologically-active compounds.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds comprising or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof; wherein Y, A, B, J, and E are further described. Methods, compositions, and medicaments related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: A compound comprising or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof, having the groups described in detail herein is disclosed. Also disclosed herein are compounds comprising or derivatives thereof, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, tetrazoles, or prodrugs of compounds of the structure or derivatives thereof, said derivatives being described in detail herein. Also disclosed herein are methods of treating diseases or conditions, including glaucoma and elevated intraocular pressure. Compositions and methods of manufacturing medicaments related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of treating ocular hypertension or glaucoma which comprises administering to an animal having ocular hypertension or glaucoma therapeutically effective amount of a compound represented by the general formula I; wherein X, Y, Z, D and R3 are as defined in the specification. Also disclosed are compounds comprising or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof; wherein A, X, J, and R3 are as defined in the specification. Also disclosed are compounds having an ? and an ? chain comprising or derivatives thereof, as defined in the specification or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof.

Abstract: A compound comprising or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof, wherein the dashed line represents the presence or absence of a double bond; J is C?O or CHOH; A is —(CH2)6—, or cis —CH2CH?CH—(CH2)3—, wherein 1 or 2 carbons may be substituted with S or O; B is CO2H, or CO2R, CONR2, CONHCH2CH2OH, CON(CH2CH2OH)2, CH2OR, P(O)(OR)2, CONRSO2R, SONR2, or R is H, C1-6 alkyl; D is —(CH2)n—, —X(CH2)n, or —(CH2)nX—, wherein n is from 0 to 3 and X is S or O; and E is an aromatic or heteroaromatic moiety having from 0 to 4 substituents, said substituents each comprising from 1 to 6 non-hydrogen atoms is disclosed herein. Methods, compositions, and medicaments related thereto, as well as experimental results showing prostaglandin EP4 selective agonist activity for certain compounds disclosed herein, are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides an ?-2A/?-1A selective agonist that includes a compound represented by Structure 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, amide, sterioisomer or racemic mixture thereof. The present invention further provides a pharmaceutical composition that contains a pharmaceutical carrier and a therapeutically effective amount of an ?-2A/?-1A selective agonist that includes a compound represented by Structure 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, amide, sterioisomer or racemic mixture thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds comprising or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof, wherein a dashed line represents the presence or absence of a bond; Y is a carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, or phosphonic acid functional group; or an amide or ester thereof comprising from 0 to 12 carbon atoms; or Y is hydroxymethyl or an ether thereof comprising from 0 to 12 carbon atoms; or Y is a tetrazolyl functional group; A is —(CH2)6—, cis —CH2—CH?CH—(CH2)3—, or —CH2—C?C—(CH2)3— wherein 1 or 2 carbons may be substituted with S or O; B is hydrogen, C1-6 hydrocarbyl, CN, CO2H, or —(CH2)mX(CH2)pH, wherein m is at least 1 and the sum of m and p is from 1 to 5; X is S or O; J is H, CH3, or CF3; D is a covalent bond, CH2, O, or S; and E is an aromatic heterobicyclic ring system which may have substituents comprising up to 6 non-hydrogen atoms each. Methods, compositions, and medicaments related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: A compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof, wherein A, B, R1, R2, D, and E are defined herein. Use of the diseases for the treatment of diseases, and compositions and medicaments related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: Compounds comprising are disclosed, wherein Y, A, X, R, D, and n are as described. A compound comprising a prostaglandin EP2 selective agonist wherein the ?-chain comprises a substituted phenyl, wherein at least one substituent consists of hydrocarbyl or non-linear hydroxyhydrocarbyl is also disclosed herein. Methods, compositions, and medicaments related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising brimondine and timolol for topical ophthalmic delivery and a method of treatment comprising administering said composition when indicated for glaucoma and associated conditions such as elevated intraocular pressure in the eyes of humans.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of novel cyclohexyl analogues of E-type prostaglandins as EP4 agonists, in general, and, in particular as ocular hypotensives. The cyclohexyl analogues used in accordance with the invention are represented by the following formula I: wherein the wavy segments represent ? or ? bond, dashed line represents the presence or absence of a bond W, Y, Z, R, R1, R2 and R3 are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound represented by the general formula I; wherein A, Ar, X, Z, n, x, y, R and R3 are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions comprising trefoil family factor peptides which are useful in preventing or treating dry eye by topical administration of the composition to eye of the patient. One aspect of this invention relates to topical ophthalmic compositions comprising a trefoil factor family peptide, and preferably, a mucoadhesive component, as described herein. Another aspect of this invention relates to the use of these compositions to treat or prevent dry eye in a patient.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of treating ocular hypertension or glaucoma which comprises administering to an animal having ocular hypertension or glaucoma therapeutically effective amount of a compound represented by the general formula I; wherein X, Y, Z, D and R3 are as defined in the specification.