Abstract: A driving method for a liquid crystal display is provided with the steps of (a) applying a row select voltage to each of the row electrodes simultaneously, the row select voltage corresponding to an element of an orthogonal matrix and being either +1 or -1 ; (b) conducting an exclusive-or operation with respect to each element of a row select vector and a display vector, the row select vector indicating the row select voltages by vector notation and the display vector indicating a display data by the vector notation, and conducting a summation of each exclusive-or operation; (c) applying to the column electrode a voltage of a level which varies depending on the summation so as to simultaneously drive the plurality of rows; and (d) in a case where all the display data correspond to ON display or OFF display in the step (c), assigning the row select voltage, applied to either the selected row electrode having the lowest select voltage among driving voltages within one frame period for the ON display or the sele

Abstract: According to the present invention, an optical pickup device includes: a light source for generating a light beam; an objective lens for converging the light beam onto a recording medium; a beam splitter for splitting the light beam reflected from the recording medium into two light beams; an optical waveguide element for detecting an information signal in accordance with one of the two converged light beams; and an optical element, disposed between the beam splitter and the optical waveguide element, for providing the one of the two converged light beams with astigmatism. The optical waveguide element includes a prism coupler, a waveguide layer, and a photodetecting portion. The optical waveguide element an the optical element are arranged to locate a first focal line of the one of the two converged light beams within a plane of the waveguide layer, to locate a first focal point at an edge of the prism coupler, and to locate a second focal point on the photodetecting portion.

Abstract: The amplification type solid-state imaging device of this invention includes amplification type photoelectric converting elements arranged in a matrix.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus comprising a pair of transparent substrates which consists of a driving side substrate and an opposite side substrate; transparent pixels formed in matrix on said driving side substrate; a first orientation film formed on said pixels; a transparent electrode formed on said opposite side substrate; a shielding layer provided at least on the periphery of each of said transparent pixels and at either between said driving side substrate and said transparent pixels or between said transparent pixels and said orientation film; said pair of transparent substrates being located opposite to each other to form a cell in which a mixture comprising a liquid crystal, a photosetting polymer precursor and its polymerization initiator is put and irradiated with a light outside said cell thereby curing said photosetting polymer precursor selectively at a region free from said transparent pixels and enrich the resulting cured resin at said region.

Abstract: A magneto-optical recording medium is arranged so that (1) a first transparent dielectric layer, (2) a reproduction layer showing in-plane magnetization at room temperature while showing perpendicular magnetization in response to temperature rise, (3) a second transparent dielectric layer, (4) a recording layer made of perpendicular magnetization film; and (5) a protective layer are laminated on a substrate in this order. The reproduction layer has a thickness of 5 nm to 30 nm, the second transparent dielectric layer has a thickness of 6 nm to 40 nm, and the recording layer has a thickness of 20 nm to 80 nm. It is possible to separately reproduce individual recording bit even when one or more adjacent recording bits exist within the diameter of the light beam converged onto a target recording bit. This is because the information of a recording magnetic domain of a portion showing in-plane magnetization is masked.

Abstract: In a display device, first flexible wiring boards each mounted with a drive IC are provided on opposite first and second sides of a display panel. Two second flexible wiring boards each mounted with a drive IC are provided on a third side adjoining the first and second sides of the display panel. A control board having electrode terminals for outputting a control signal is provided on a fourth side opposite the third side of the display panel. Each first flexible wiring board has input terminals and output terminals on opposite sides of a substrate thereof. Each second flexible wiring board input terminals and output terminals on adjoining sides of a substrate thereof. The output terminals of the first and second flexible wiring boards are connected with the associated electrode terminals of the display panel.

Abstract: A magneto-optical recording medium has a transparent substrate, a first magnetic layer, first intermediate layer, a second magnetic layer, and a third magnetic layer provided in this order. The first magnetic layer has an in-plane magnetization at room temperature, while a transition from the in-plane magnetization to a perpendicular magnetization occurs to the first magnetic layer with a temperature rise. The first intermediate layer is made of a non-magnetic substance. The second magnetic layer is a film having a perpendicular magnetization. The third magnetic layer is a film having a perpendicular magnetization, has a coercive force smaller than that of the second magnetic layer at room temperature, and has a Curie temperature higher than that of the second magnetic layer.

Abstract: An optical probe element for focusing light from a light source into micro light of a diameter not larger than the diffraction limit, includes a light transmitting flat substrate and an optical probe formed on one of the surfaces of the flat substrate. The optical probe has a substantially conical light transmitting projection, and a reflective film which covers the conical surface of the projection so that the tip of the projection is exposed. The optical probe element enables the optical probe to be formed on the flat substrate using a semiconductor processing technique, thereby achieving efficient mass production of a standardized optical probe element. Thus, a recording and reproduction apparatus using the optical probe element is efficiently mass-produced.

Abstract: A flexible wiring board is adapted to be connected with a circuit board by means of an anisotropic conductive film. A flexible substrate of the flexible wiring board is mounted with an integrated circuit and has a generally rectangular connection portion. The connection portion includes a first edge of the substrate and parts of second and third edges adjoining the first edge of the substrate. A plurality of connection terminals are provided in the connection portion of the substrate. These connection terminals extend perpendicular to and arranged along the first edge of the substrate. Opposite end parts including the parts of the second and third edges of the connection portion do not extend beyond the connection terminals located closest to the second and third edges, respectively.

Abstract: A magneto-optical recording medium includes a readout layer has in-plane magnetization at room temperature and in which a transition occurs from in-plane magnetization to perpendicular magnetization when temperature thereof is raised, and a recording layer for recording thereon information. The composition of the readout layer varies in a direction perpendicular to the surface thereof, and in the readout layer, the Co density on the light incident side is higher than the Co density on the interface between the readout layer and the recording layer. Therefore, the Curie temperature on the reproducing light incident side of the readout layer is high and the the polar Kerr rotation angle in reproducing increases, thereby achieving improvements in a reproducing signal quality.

Abstract: A parameter processing device that allows setting of a critical parameter value includes a movable slide operator on a scale of a predetermined length, and two fine-adjustment switches provided integral to the slide operator. In the operation of setting a parameter value, a rough parameter value is set by moving the slide operator. Then, one of the fine-adjustment switches is depressed to fine-adjust the set rough parameter value. Here, the level of the depressed pressure is detected by an internal pressure sensor. The detected level of the depressed pressure is converted into a corresponding fine-adjustment granularity. The rough parameter value is updated using the obtained fine-adjustment granularity. Thus, a fine parameter value can be set easily that could not previously be set by just moving the slide operator. The setting of a parameter having a wide range can easily be carried out even in a limited region.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus comprising: a body having an opening; a display/input panel disposed in the opening which includes a display region for displaying information and an input region for displaying keys for inputting data, the data being input by touching the keys; and positioners provided on the body in the vicinity of the opening corresponding to the input region, for indicating the input region. The positioners are convertible between a first position in which they protrude from a surface of the body to be sensed and a second position in which they are accommodated in the body so as not to protrude from the surface of the body.

Abstract: Provided is a digital information decoding method capable of speedily and surely reading digital information recorded as a two-dimensional pattern by giving a mark to each of matrix meshes set virtually. The two-dimensional pattern is converted into image data composed of image bits. A center position of each mesh is calculated, and a value of the image bit in the calculated center position is read as a value of the mesh. If there is a read error, at least one of first through third analyzing methods is executed to perform re-reading. According to the first analyzing method, the position to be examined is shifted by a specified amount from the center position in the mesh. According to the second analyzing method, a sum of weighted values of the image bits included in the mesh is calculated and compared with a specified threshold value.

Abstract: The optical pickup device according to the present invention, includes: a light emitting diode for emitting a light beam; a collimating lens for collimating the light beam; an objective lens for focusing the collimated light beam from the collimating lens onto a recording medium; a beam splitter for splitting the light beam returned from the recording medium into two light beams; a servo error signal detector for receiving one of the two light beams and detecting a servo error signal; a diffracting element for diffracting the one of the two light beams from the beam splitter to direct the one of the two light beams toward the servo error signal detector; and an optical waveguide element for receiving the other one of the two light beams and detecting a magneto-optical signal, the other one of the two light beams from the beam splitter being incident upon the optical waveguide element without passing through the diffracting element, wherein the beam splitter is disposed between the collimating lens and the dif

Abstract: An image-forming apparatus which controls the temperature of the contained thermal fixing device on standby, based on the image formation history information on times of past image formations, etc., to efficiently reduce the power consumption during standby without lowering the availability factor of the image-forming apparatus, which is constructed so that the data on use frequency, including the current time, the number of copies made, etc., (image formation history information) is stored each time an image-forming process is executed, the control section sums the image formation history information on an hourly or other basis, and the temperature of the thermal fixing device on standby is controlled based on the current time-related image formation history information summed on an hourly basis.

Abstract: A digital copying machine of this invention provides a facsimile apparatus, a memory for storing data received by the facsimile apparatus having a capacity for storing a plurality of items of data, and a printer apparatus for selectively printing the data corresponding to only a cover page, contained in all the data items stored in the memory. The printer apparatus includes setting means for automatically setting a scale factor and performing synthetic printing when the data corresponding to only a cover page is output. The setting means includes calculating means for deriving an output scale factor based on the number of stored data items, and the size of paper. And the printer apparatus includes printing means for printing the data corresponding to only a cover page on two or more sheets of paper if a reducing factor of said data is smaller than a predetermined value.

Abstract: A magneto-optical disk cartridge includes a magnet which is magnetized substantially parallel to a surface of a magneto-optical disk for generating an initializing magnetic field. This structure permits a reduction in the thickness of the magneto-optical disk cartridge.

Abstract: A signal input device which includes an operation panel having an input area in which data are input by touching the operation panel, a plurality of sensors located at different places on the operation panel, the sensors receiving vibrations propagated from a touched point on the operation panel, a detection circuit for detecting times at which the sensors receive the vibrations, an arithmetic means for identifying the position of the touched point, a memory means for storing numerical values whereby the input area is divided into a plurality of minor areas, and means for judging which minor areas the touched points belong to, on the basis of the arithmetic results of the numerical values and data about the positions of the touched points.

Abstract: An electronic detection system monitoring coolant level and/or temperature of an internal combustion engine. A unit installed within the cab of a vehicle provides visual and audible warning if engine temperature rises above its normal hottest operating temperature and/or when coolant level drops below a selected level in the coolant reserve tank thereby preventing damage caused by overheating. The overheat detection system may comprise a heat sensor within a bolt which may be screwed directly into the engine head. An additional heat sensor positioned in the bottom radiator hose can be used in series with the engine head sensor. Associated circuitry is adjustable when installed to provide alarm activation when the temperature is a few degrees above the hottest normal engine operating temperature. If the engine starts to overheat, an LED lights up and an audible alarm sounds.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including a bit map data generating section for generating binary dot data for each color from image data, an image memory for storing the dot data, an edge dot discriminating section for discriminating edge dots positioned in an edge section, such as a curved-line section, a slanted-line section of characters, graphics, photo images, etc. in dot data for black stored in the image memory, and a dot modulating circuit for modulating the dot data so that the edge dots and printing dots other than black ones become smaller than black printing dots other than the edge dots. With this arrangement, since linear tone can be obtained even in a section with a deep color, excellent tone can be obtained in multi-color printing such as full-color printing. Therefore, reproducibility of tone of binarized image data can be improved, and jaggedness in an edge section can be improved so as to have a smooth line.