Abstract: Methods are provided for making oxygen-reducing catalyst layers, which include simultaneous or sequential stops of physical vapor depositing an oxygen-reducing catalytic material onto a substrate, the catalytic material comprising a transition metal that is substantially free of platinum; and thermally treating the catalytic material. At least one of the physical vapor deposition and the thermal treatment is performed in a processing environment comprising a nitrogen-containing gas.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 20, 2006
Date of Patent:
June 22, 2010
Assignee:
3M Innovative Properties Company
Inventors:
Dennis P. O'Brien, Alison K. Schmoeckel, George D. Vernstrom, Radoslav Atanasoski, Thomas E. Wood, David G. O'Neill