Abstract: An acoustic velocity logging tool employs a transmitter and a pair of receivers. Acoustic pulses from the transmitter pass through the formation surrounding the borehole to the receivers. The received signals, along with control signals, are transferred to an uphole recording system. A record unit operates to apply these receiver and control signals to a magnetic tape recorder. A playback unit transfers the recorded receiver signals to the intensity modulation input of a cathode-ray oscilloscope and, in response to the recorded control signals, applies a trigger pulse to the sweep input of the cathode-ray oscilloscope, successive sweeps of the cathode-ray oscilloscope being intensity modulated alternately by the recorded receiver signals of the pair of receivers. A film recorder makes a continuous film recording of the receiver signals as they appear as variable-density traces on the face of the cathode-ray oscilloscope to provide a continuous two-receiver, variable-density recording.

Abstract: A new crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite is disclosed which has the following formula in terms of mol ratios of oxides on a water-free basis:0.9 .+-. 0.3 M.sub.2/n O : Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 : z SiO.sub.2wherein M is at least one cation having a valence n and z is at least 10. This zeolite is designated ZSM-18.

Abstract: Oxidation catalysts containing platinum or other noble metal components used in automobile exhaust emission control are reactivated, after thermal deactivation, by subjecting the catalyst to a halogen-containing gas at a temperature of from 500.degree.F. to about 1000.degree.F. The passing of carbonyl halide or a mixture of carbon monoxide and halogen, alone or in a carrier gas, over the catalyst reduces the CO-oxidation and hydrocarbon-oxidation temperature to almost that of fresh catalyst. Carbonyl chloride or the carbon monoxide-chlorine mixture is preferred. This treatment may also be used in the reactivation of noble metal-containing reforming catalysts.

Abstract: An in situ retorting method and system for recovering hydrocarbons from an oil shale deposit. A retorting zone is formed in the deposit and is comprised of at least two galleries which are separated by a barrier of oil shale thick enough to prevent leakage of gas between galleries. A plurality of rooms are formed within each gallery and are defined by walls of oil shale having substantially less thickness than said barriers. As a gallery is completed, it is sealed and rubblized oil shale within the rooms of said gallery is retorted and the products recovered. Since the barriers between galleries protect workers against gas from a retorting gallery, work can continue on adjoining galleries while said gallery is being retorted.

Abstract: Alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons useful as chemical raw material, solvents and the like are provided in high purity by hydrocracking of a fraction rich in alkyl aromatics and lean in aliphatic hydrocarbons over a particular zeolite catalyst associated with a hydrogenation/dehydrogenation component. The charge stock is characterized by substantial absence of hydrocarbons lighter than benzene. The technique is particularly well suited to production of maximum xylenes from a fraction containing higher boiling and lower boiling alkyl aromatics.

Abstract: Multiple metal complexes of nitrogen compounds are prepared by reacting in any desired order (1) an organic reactant, preferably an alkenylsuccinic acid or anhydride or a polyalkylphenol-aldehyde reaction mixture, or a halogenated polyolefin; (2) a polyamine, having one nitrogen atom reactive with the organic reactant and at least one additional nitrogen atom such as an ethylene polyamine and the imidazoline or imidazolidine derivative thereof; (3) and at least two metal compounds, one of which is a metal of Groups IB, IIB, IVA, IVB, VIB, VIIB or VIII of the Periodic Table, capable of both forming a coordinated complex of the Werner type with the polyamine and also forming a complex with the second metal compound, and the said metal compound of metals of the above groups plus alkali and alkaline earth metals. The reactants may be reacted in any order, such as the above order, or the amine reactant may be precomplexed.

Abstract: Certain acidic heterogeneous catalysts produce large yields of benzene, toluene and xylene from alkyl aromatics of at least nine carbon atoms by a mechanism different from the classical disproportionation reaction characteristic of acid catalysts. These catalysts are characterized by a zeolite of the ZSM-5 type or zeolite ZSM-12 or zeolite ZSM-21. The reaction has the unique function of providing aliphatic by-products of higher molecular weight than is to be expected by splitting side chains from benzene rings. Typically, aromatic mixtures so derived from such charge stocks have unusually low content of ethyl benzene, thus greatly simplifying separation of xylene isomers.

Abstract: A tray for food and beverages in which the beverage cup recesses are adapted to retain differing size cups by reason of an arcuate projection from the bottom at one side of such recess.

Abstract: A borehole logging system employs a gamma-ray detector for measuring the natural gamma radiation of the earth formations surrounding a borehole. Three energy band selectors, each employing a discriminator and count rate meter, separate the output of the gamma-ray detector into potassium, uranium, and thorium energy band signals. A first operational amplifier determines the difference between the potassium energy band signal and those portions of the uranium and thorium energy band signals which represent the influence of uranium and thorium gamma radiation within the potassium energy band, this difference representing the correct potassium gamma radiation. A second operational amplifier determines the difference between the uranium energy band signal and that portion of the thorium energy band signal which represents the influence of the thorium gamma radiation within the uranium energy band, this difference representing the correct uranium gamma radiation.

Abstract: Alkyl lactone esters or sulfidic esters are prepared by reacting an alkenylsuccinic anhydride with an alcohol or thiol in the presence of an acid-acting catalyst. The esters are useful as dispersants or detergents in aqueous or hydrocarbon systems or they may be further reacted with amines to produce other useful additives for such systems. Esters of monohydroxy alcohols or monothiols or polyhydroxy alcohols or polythiols may be prepared and used in this invention.

Abstract: This specification discloses a method of providing an ice structure at a desired offshore, frigid location. The structure is constructed at a first offshore location by accumulating ice on a base of naturally occurring ice. The existing extreme temperature is utilized to quickly freeze water sprayed or flooded on the base to form the accumulating ice. The base sinks under the weight of the accumulated ice to form the structure having a desired thickness. A cavity is then formed, preferably by melting, in the interior of the structure to provide the structure with sufficient buoyancy to float the structure and allow it to be towed to its desired location. There the cavity is filled with a material dense enough to again cause the structure to sink and become grounded at said desired location.

Abstract: In a system for logging while drilling, a downhole turbine is rotated by the hydraulic power in the circulating drilling fluid to provide mechanical power that is converted to regulated DC power. The DC power is converted to two-phase AC power by a DC/AC motor drive. The frequency of the two-phase AC power output of the DC/AC motor drive is modulated by the output of a downhole transducer which monitors a selected downhole condition. A two-phase AC induction motor is driven by the DC/AC motor drive at a speed which changes with the frequency modulation of the two-phase AC power. The induction motor drives an acoustic transmitter which interrupts the circulating drilling fluid to produce an acoustic wave in the drilling fluid that is frequency modulated in response to changes in the condition being measured by the downhole transducer.