Abstract: Settleable-particles are separated from a dirty flow of settleable-particles and fluid by trays having a planar section configured with opposed ends and opposed sides, and an entrance edge and an exit edge on opposed ends. The section has opposed side edges, and an upturned entrance lip at each of the entrance and exits edges, with downturned lips at each side edge. A settler unit has one tray as an upper tray and another tray as a lower tray, the two trays being mounted parallel and at a low-angle to define a dirty flow entrance, a clean flow exit, and a pocket between the upturned entrance lip and the upturned exit lip for receiving and capturing settled-particles from the dirty flow while cleaner flow flows from the entrance to the exit. A sludge exit is at each side of the trays for permitting the captured settled-particles to exit the pocket.

Abstract: A system meets material collection needs by significantly increasing the flow rate through a header that collects sludge. Telescopic pipes stay in a line adjacent to the bottom of a basin and do not float upwardly into or against equipment in the basin. A bearing is configured in a radial space between the pipes and with a central axial sludge collection opening, and adjacent to the header. The sludge collection opening allows sludge flow into the pipes, the flow having a value not less than a minimum flow. This flow is into system from immediately around the pipes configured in the telescopic relationship.

Abstract: A system meets needs in sludge collection by significantly increasing the flow rate through a header that collects sludge without causing problems in priming. Telescopic pipes stay in a line adjacent to the bottom of a basin and do not float upwardly into or against equipment in the basin. The entire sludge collecting system is in a space of a low-clearance height under the equipment that extends downwardly near the bottom of the basin. The sludge is collected by openings in header pipes, and by at least one bearing opening in an outer pipe, wherein the bearing opening extends to a radial clearance between the telescopic pipes. Flow of the sludge through the radial clearance from the bearing opening is allowed by a bearing that permits relative movement of the outer pipe and the inner pipe to allow traversing of the outer pipe.

Abstract: A method meets needs in material collection by significantly increasing the flow rate through headers that collect sludge without causing problems in priming. Telescopic pipes stay in a line adjacent to the bottom of a basin and do not float upwardly into or against equipment in the basin. An inlet end of an inner one of the pipes receives the collected sludge from spaced headers mounted on an outer one of the pipes. An operation is performed to balance a respective separate flow of the sludge from each of two headers mounted in spaced relation on the outer pipe. The balanced separate flows are substantially equal and flow into the inlet end.

Abstract: A system meets needs in material collection by significantly increasing the flow rate through a header that collects sludge without causing problems in priming. Telescopic pipes stay in a line adjacent to the bottom of a basin and do not float upwardly into or against equipment in the basin. A flow controller is positioned adjacent to an inlet end of one of the telescopic pipes to balance the flow of the sludge into the inlet end from headers on the other pipe.

Abstract: A baffle controls the normal process flow of liquid in basins of liquid treatment equipment, but releases uncontrolled flow of the liquid caused by events such as seismic events. Methods provide an unbent blank for making such baffle with a hinge member to facilitate the release of the uncontrolled flow. Further methods provide for mounting of the baffle for movement, urging the baffle for the control of the normal process flow, and allowing the uncontrolled flow to overcome the urging and release the uncontrolled flow. Baffle embodiments may be made from exemplary materials such as stainless steel, glass fiber reinforced polyester, pultruded FRP, and redwood.

Abstract: A baffle has no shape-holding facilities other than bends that define and hold the configuration of structural channels, and controls the flow of liquid in basins of liquid treatment equipment. Methods provide an unbent blank for making such baffle, and provide operations for bending such unbent blank to provide such baffle. A preferably stainless steel unbent baffle blank may be deformed by the bending operation into a configuration that defines the plurality of structural channels of the baffle. The deformed blank need not be held bent in such configuration by any fastener or welding. The plurality of structural channels render the baffle able to withstand the various forces applied to the baffle by incoming liquid and by liquid having a reverse flow direction in the basin.

Abstract: A travelling screen and screening method minimize reintroducing debris to liquid downstream of a screen while achieving the relatively high efficiency of fixed bar screens. A filter surface is defined by a pair of planar plates, each of the plates having openings through which the liquid but not the debris may flow. A connector between the plates positions the plates relative to each other at a selected fixed angle. The connector formed integrally with each of the plates has the planar plates and the connector formed from one sheet and the connector in the form of a bend. A guide mounts a first travelling screen element adjacent to a second such element at a screen element scraper path with one planar plate of the first screen element being oriented relative to one planar plate of the second screen element to define a linear scraper path. The guide also positions the first and second screen elements adjacent to each other along a debris separation path.

Abstract: Improved settlement of solids is provided, while minimizing problems in collecting clarified liquid from a clarifier, by controlling the flow of clarified liquid from a given one of many flow channels of a clarifier. Such control is by causing a substantial amount of that flow of clarified liquid to be collected immediately as that flow exits the given flow channel. Such collection of the substantial amount, if not all of that flow of the clarified liquid from the given flow channel, minimizes if not eliminates, the mixing of the flow from all of the flow channels of a clairfier. As a result, during normal settling operations the flow of the clarified liquid from the given flow channel is substantially isolated. During such normal operations, the isolated flow may be separately sampled for examination of the performance of the separate flow channel.

Abstract: A vise having vise members is provided with a vise face on each vise member. The vise faces are opposed and together define an initial vise volume having an open top for receiving loose, wet screenings. The vise faces form jaws moved relative to each other to squeeze the loose, wet screenings, which is a process of enclosing and applying force to the loose, wet screenings to compress the screenings and force the liquid out of or from the material of the screenings. The squeezing makes a loaf volume significantly smaller than the initial volume, and converts the loose wet screenings into a separate dry loaf. A platform has many separate stations. At one station (e.g., receiving & squeezing), a bottom of the trough is sieve-like for draining the liquid from the wet screenings. At another station (e.g., conveying), the bottom of the platform is closed to retain the separate dry loaf of screenings for conveying. At another station (e.g.

Abstract: A system provides a lift-liner for efficient transport of units of bulk cargo (especially bulk cargo that is radioactive hazardous material waste), and economical disposal of the lift-liner for storage of the waste therein. The cargo is transported in the lift-liner from a remediation site to a railroad siding, during transport on a railroad gondola car, from the gondola car to a waste storage site, and within such storage site to a storage cell, in which the lift-liner and the waste therein are placed. The units are defined by the lift-liner, which is capable of containing up to about twelve tons of the waste. A container of the lift-liner is provided with at least five straps connected to two opposite walls, and four straps connected to two other opposite walls, and a bottom between corners of the container. Collectively, the straps may receive up to about twelve tons of vertical lifting force from a lift grid having a connector vertically above and aligned with each strap.

Abstract: A system provides a lift-liner for efficient transport of units of bulk cargo (especially bulk cargo that is radioactive hazardous material waste), and economical disposal of the lift-liner for storage of the waste therein. The cargo is transported in the lift-liner from a remediation site to a railroad siding, during transport on a railroad gondola car, from the gondola car to a waste storage site, and within such storage site to a storage cell, in which the lift-liner and the waste therein are placed. The units are defined by the lift-liner, which is capable of containing up to ten tons of the waste. A container of the lift-liner is provided with straps connected to four walls and a bottom between corners of the container. The straps receive more than ten tons of vertical lifting force from a lift grid having a connector vertically above and aligned with each strap.

Abstract: A programmed bar screen cleaner removes debris from a screen positioned in a channel to prevent the flow of the debris to a liquid treatment. A rake has tines for engaging the screen to move the debris toward and past an upper end of the screen to remove the debris from the screen. Automatic and controllable raking operations are provided to handle the situation in which there is debris jammed in the screen. The jammed debris resists the movement of the rake along the screen, which is sensed via rake motor overloaded, indicated by motor current in excess of a limit. The existence of a jammed rake causes positive release of the rake from the face of the bars, and further movement of the rake is controlled according to the nature of the problem which caused the jamming.

Abstract: Improvements are made to a system in which force is applied to aeration units from only one side of a basin. Part of such force is vector transferred from one end of a beam of the aeration unit to the other end of the beam to move both ends of the beam. The beam supports pipes of the aeration unit. A force transfer module includes one force transfer strand held in a force transfer path between fixed opposite ends of the strand. The force transfer path extends in part along the beam, which is placed in compression. Motion of the one end of the beam resulting from the force is transferred by the single force transfer strand to the opposite end of the beam so that both ends of the beam move relative to the basin under the action of the force.

Abstract: A header conduit provides an elongated passageway through which waste liquid and sludge ("waste") are guided and enter the conduit along a path that is tangential to at least the inner surface of the conduit which such incoming waste first contacts. When the conduit has an inner surface of circular cross-section, the passageway is elongated enough that the incoming waste enters the conduit along a path tangential to the circular surface. To better assure axial flow of the waste in the conduit to an outlet, the passageway provides both the tangential flow and is at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the conduit. The incoming waste is thereby provided with an axial component. In this manner, the passageway assures that the energy and momentum of the incoming waste is helical in direction. The waste previously admitted into the header conduit is urged by the newly entering waste to continue to flow helically in the conduit.

Abstract: A foldable assembly is provided for a module of settler tubes which settle solids from liquid. The module has a minimum thickness for shipment and a normal thickness for use in settling the solids, where the minimum thickness is substantially less than the normal thickness. The tubes are defined by four opposing walls. The assembly includes a pair of sheets, each of the sheets having dimensions along major and minor orthogonal axes, where the axes are perpendicular to the direction of the thickness and the sheets define two of the walls of one of the tubes. Another wall of the tubes is defined by an interconnect member having a central section defined by opposite sides, and a flex joint on each of said opposite sides and securing each of the sides to a respective one of the sheets. The other wall extends from each of the sheets in the direction of the thickness of the module when the tube is open to receive the liquid and the solids.

Abstract: Apparatus performs a method of generating one output laser pulses in a range of 2 to 5 microns using an intracavity feature. When a plurality of the output laser pulses are generated, a first output pulse may have any selected wavelength within the range and a second output pulse is temporally closely spaced relative to the first output pulse and may have a chosen wavelength differing from the selected wavelength. A pump laser cavity is provided with a tunable rod and an intracavity Raman device (in the pump cavity) to shift the wavelength of initial pump laser pulses. The intracavity Raman device generates radiation at first and second Stokes wavelengths, and the pulses at each wavelength are separated and are in separate paths for permitting separate operation thereon. The Raman device in the pump cavity increases the pump intensity inside the Raman cell and gives a much longer effective interaction length between the pump laser beam and the Raman medium.

Abstract: Thin membranes for hemodialysis prepared from polycarbonate materials have superior transport properties for middle molecular weight molecules than do cellulosic membranes or previously available thicker polycarbonate membranes while having an ultrafiltration rate less than that obtainable with thicker polycarbonate membranes. Thin polycarbonate membranes with a thickness of about 0.8 mil, an ultrafiltration rate of about 3.5 ml/hr/M.sup.2 /mmHg, a sodium chloride diffusive permeability of about 830 cm/min(.times.10.sup.-4) at 37.degree. C and a vitamin B.sub.12 diffusive permeability of about 114 cm/min .times. 10.sup.-4 at 37.degree. C have been produced.