Abstract: A novel method for the preparation of alkyl halopyridinyloxyalkanoate compounds is disclosed, which comprises reacting a halopyridine with an alkyl alpha-hydroxy alkanoate in the presence of an alkali metal carbonate promoter.The ester products prepared from this method are useful as herbicides.

Abstract: A process for promoting the spherical crystallization of picloram, wherein an anionic polymeric acrylamide flocculating agent, when combined with a solution of picloram in an aqueous sulfuric acid medium, serves to promote the formation of polycrystalline picloram spheres and to greatly reduce the formation of fines.

Abstract: Substituted (2-)pyridinyl phosphonothioates are disclosed which are useful in the control of cotton leafworm larvae. The compounds are prepared by the reaction of selected substituted pyridinol and phosphonochloridothioate reactants.

Abstract: 2-Nitroimidazole derivatives of the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R is benzoyl, phenylcarbamoyl or the group ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 is C.sub.1-4 alkyl, ##STR3## in which R.sub.2 is hydrogen, halo, cyano, amino, C.sub.1-2 alkyl, or C.sub.1-3 alkoxy and X is oxygen or sulfur. These compounds have antimicrobial and amoebicidal utilities.

Abstract: Fused isoquinoline derivatives of the general formula ##STR1## wherein: A is a divalent radical selected from the groups ##STR2## wherein R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each independently represents hydrogen, alkyl,, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, aralkenyl, cycloalkyl-alkyl or, taken together with the adjacent double bond, represent a cycloalkene containing from 5 to 8 carbon atoms or an aromatic nucleus;R.sub.5 represents hydrogen, hydroxyl, alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, aralkenyl or cycloalkyl-alkyl;Y is .dbd.O, .dbd.S or .dbd.NH;X is --O--, --S-- or --NR.sub.6 -- wherein R.sub.6 represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl or cycloalkyl-alkyl;R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each independently represents hydrogen, alkyl, phenyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, methylenedioxy, cycloalkoxy, halo or di-alkylamino or, taken together with the adjacent carbon atoms of the benzene ring, form a cycloalkenyl group containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms or an aromatic nucleus fused on the benzene ring.

Abstract: The compound of this invention is prepared by reacting phenol as such or as its alkali metal phenate with dichlorodifluoroethylene to form 2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethoxybenzene and reacting the latter with chlorosulfonic acid and recovering the reaction product. The compound of this invention, when reacted with acrylonitrile gives the antimicrobial compound, 2-chloro-3-(4-(2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethoxy)phenyl)sulfonyl)propanenitr ile.

Abstract: 2,3,5-Trichloropyridine is prepared by the direct reaction of pentachloropyridine or 2,3,5,6-tetrachloropyridine with metallic zinc in the presence of a strongly alkaline aqueous solution and a water-immiscible reaction medium.

Abstract: Compounds corresponding to the formula ##STR1## wherein X represents chloro, bromo, or fluoro; R represents one of cyano (-CN), carbamoyl (--CONR.sup.3 R.sup.4) or carboxy (--COOH) or the carboxylic acid salts thereof; each of R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 independently represents hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms; M represents hydrogen or loweralkyl; R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, loweralkyl, amino or loweralkylamino of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and R.sup.2 represents hydrogen, X, loweralkyl, amino or loweralkylamino, with the proviso that one of R.sup.1 or R.sup.2 is always amino or loweralkylamino and the other of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is always other than amino or loweralkylamino are prepared. These compounds are useful as herbicides and as active agents in compositions used as herbicides.

Abstract: Compounds corresponding to the formula ##STR1## wherein X represents chloro, bromo, or fluoro; R represents alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a radical having the formula --(CH.sub.2).sub.n OR.sup.3 wherein n represents an integer of from 2 to 4 and R.sup.3 represents lower alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or phenyl; M represents hydrogen or methyl; R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, lower alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, amino or loweralkylamino of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and R.sup.2 represents hydrogen, X, loweralkyl, amino or loweralkylamino, with the proviso that one of R.sup.1 or R.sup.2 is always amino or loweralkylamino and the other of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is always other than amino or loweralkylamino are prepared. These compounds are useful as herbicides and as active agents in compositions used as herbicides.

Abstract: Compounds are prepared which correspond to the formula ##STR1## wherein n represents an integer of 0 to 3; p represents an integer of 0 to 2 and the sum of n + p is an integer of 0 to 3; and r is 0 or 1. These compounds have been found to be active as pesticides and find particular usage as fungicides, bactericides, nematocides and herbicides.

Abstract: Quaternary ammonium phenates containing a 3-chloro-2-propenyl substituent group attached to the nitrogen atom and having as other substitutent groups attached to the nitrogen atoms (1) a C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 alkyl group, (2) a one carbon, two carbon, C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 alkyl or a 3-chloro-2-propenyl group, (3) a one carbon or two carbon alkyl or a 3-chloro-2-propenyl group, and (4) a phenate group, wherein not more than a total of two 3-chloro-2-propenyl groups are present in the molecule. The compounds have antibacterial and antifungal utility.

Abstract: Disclosed are pyridinecarboxylic acids and derivatives thereof which are useful as intermediates for the preparation of 1H-pyrido(2,3-c or 4,3-c)(1,2,6)thiadiazin-4(3H)-one-2,2-dioxide compounds and derivatives thereof which are useful as herbicides.

Abstract: Novel compounds, i.e. 3,5-bis(chloromethylthio)-4-cyanoisothiazole; 2,5-bis(chloromethylthio)-1,3,4-thiadiazole; and 3,5-bis(chloromethylthio)-1,2,4-thiadiazole are prepared by reacting an alkali metal aryl mercaptide with bromochloromethane in the presence of a quaternary ammonium salt. These novel compounds have microbiological activity and are also useful as intermediates in the preparation of the corresponding thiocyanomethylthio compounds which have antimicrobial activity.

Abstract: The compound 3-((4-(2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethoxy)-2-methyl-5-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl)-2 -propenenitrile. The compound has antimicrobial activity.

Abstract: A method of controlling manure-breeding insects which comprises orally administering to a warm-blooded animal an insecticidally-effective amount of a compound of the formula ##STR1## or of the formula ##STR2## wherein, in both formulas, each X substituent is individually chosen from the group consisting of chlorine and hydrogen; and each Y substituent is individually chosen from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine and hydrogen.

Abstract: 3,6-Dichloropicolinic acid is prepared by reacting 3,5,6-trichloro-4-hydrazino picolinic acid with from 2 to 3 moles of a basic reagent per mole of the picolinic acid reactant, acidifying the reaction mixture with a mineral acid and recovering the desired 3,6-dichloropicolinic acid product.

Abstract: Thienylvinylimidazoles are prepared corresponding to the formula ##STR1## or the pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof wherein R represents hydrogen or methyl and R' represents hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, vinyl or benzyl, with the proviso that R and R' cannot be hydrogen at the same time. These compounds are employed as anthelmintics for the control of gastrointestinal parasites in animals.

Abstract: N-(5,7-Dibromo-1,3-benzoxathiol-2-ylidene)-N-methylmethanaminium bromide and the analogous diodo iodide, new compounds, are prepared by the thermal rearrangement of O-(2,4,6-tribromophenyl)-N,N-dimethylthiocarbamate and O-(2,4,6-triiodophenyl)-N,N-dimethylthiocarbamate. The first-named compound has antimicrobial utility. Both compounds are useful as starting materials for the preparation of bis-(3,5-dibromo-2-hydroxyphenyl)disulfide and 2,4-diiodo-6-mercaptophenol, respectively, by hydrolysis of the two first-named compounds with methanolic sodium hydroxide. Both the disulfide and the mercaptophenol compounds have antimicrobial utility.

Abstract: N,15-Didehydro-15-deoxo-3,15-epi(methano(alkylimino))rifamycins which can exist in either the quinone or hydroquinone form, are prepared from the corresponding Mannich base derivatives by an acid-catalyzed dehydration reaction.

Abstract: 3,5,7-Triaza-1-azoniatricyclo(3.3.1.1.sup.3,7)-decane:1-(2-phenoxyethyl)-, bromides are disclosed. These compounds have utility as antimicrobials and herbicides.