Abstract: Process control is disclosed, applicable in particular to fluid flow distribution, by which decoupling of the individual process variable changes, by set point setting changes, is effected through anticipation of the interaction through the process, using Gauss-Jordan elimination to find the solutions to simultaneous equations, whereby all set point settings are simultaneously adjusted by adding such anticipations.
Abstract: A microprocessor-based solid state AC-DC converter system makes use of the microprocessor facility to implement sequential thyristor firing at selected delay angles. A first timer at the AC line fundamental frequency supplies to the microprocessor a numerical master ramp count, from which individual ramp counts are calculated which relate to the individual thyristors to be fired in sequence. From such an individual ramp count by comparison with a delay angle reference count the microprocessor calculates the number of units of time needed until zero count on the individual ramp. A second timer is preset at an initial count value equal to such calculated number of units of time and the second timer is run to count-down. The thyristor next to be fired is triggered when zero count occurs.
Abstract: In a combined steam generator-turbine system, a drain type is provided in front of the stop valve to drain the first steam supply with the stop valve closed until the temperature of the valve and/or the temperature of the steam exceeds the temperature of saturation by a predetermined amount, and logic circuitry is provided to generate permissive signals which combine to allow successive admission of steam to the gland seal and to the steam turbine.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 25, 1984
Date of Patent:
December 31, 1985
Assignee:
Westinghouse Electric Corp.
Inventors:
Alan Martens, Milton M. Hobbs, Gerald A. Myers
Abstract: In a combined cycle steam generation power plant, until steam extraction can be used to reheat the deaerator, the economizer and/or the pegging recirculation are controlled so as to track the pressure upwards of the autocirculation reheater from the low pressure evaporator with a certain lag in pressure, and to establish pressure in the deaerator on the decreasing trend of the autocirculation reheater at a slower rate and without lowering below a minimum pressure so as to prevent the occurrence of bubbling and cavitation effect.
Abstract: The radioactivity of radioactive fluid is monitored, in the presence of background radiation, without interruption of radioactivity detection with two successive volumes of radioactive fluid, the background being eliminated by subtraction. Typically the intrinsic responses are in the ratio of two to one for such successive measurements, when the proper volumes have been selected.
Abstract: In an unrestricted frequency changer (UFC) the control pulses are generated by the intersection of a reference ramp of controllable slope and frequency with a succession of timing ramps characterizing the succession of phase voltages at the input of the UFC, whereby by increasing the slope and exceeding the peaks of the timing waves the sinusoidal shape of the output becomes trapezoidal and by increased slope increasingly close to a square-shaped wave, thus maximizing the output voltage at high frequency of operation.
Abstract: A digital ramp function generator controls the speed of a motor drive system by initial contouring according to an arithmetic progression up to the intended ramp rate, and by final contouring according to the same arithmetic progression in reverse, thereby to reach the intended speed (by acceleration, or by deceleration). The digital ramp function generator is established at the intended ramp rate and contouring effects by a programmable controller programmed by the operator.
Abstract: In a voltage-source inverter AC power supply, the AC currents are measured exclusively by sampling the DC current in the DC link between voltage-source and inverter. Each sample so derived is correlated to the status of the switches in the inverter at the instant of sampling, or before and after a change in the switching status of the inverter. This technique applies more generally to pulse-width modulation applications, but also to an adjustable voltage input (AVI) inverter motor drive.
Abstract: A programmable controller including coil diameter calculator and strip speed derivation and inertia compensation is associated with a reel system for the generation in normalized digital form of the coil diameter of the reel instantaneously to allow initial calibration between successive coil winding and unwinding operations and automatic generation of a current reference for reel motor drive control.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 23, 1982
Date of Patent:
May 21, 1985
Assignee:
Westinghouse Electric Corp.
Inventors:
Bhupendra S. Surana, William H. Snedden
Abstract: A general purpose length controller to be associated with a cyclic-duty motor drive contains stored digital data representing a standard parabolic speed profile .omega.=4(t-t.sup.2), and a scaling function automatically scales up such standard profile to match the motor drive maximum speed, the desired duty-cycle and the desired material length over which such cyclic-duty motor drive processes material being fed for mechanical treatment.
Abstract: A vapor corrosion rate monitoring probe having test, reference and auxiliary electrodes mounted flush on an electrically insulating body for exposure along a plane with a condensate of a corrosive vapor environment thereon, a front plate being mounted on said body a distance therefrom to define a crevice of predetermined characteristics in front of said exposed electrodes.
Abstract: An inverter bridge provided with a series-network in its diagonal including an inductor and an output transformer is feedback-controlled to generate a sine wave by reference to a sine wave reference signal and in a self-oscillatory fashion of the "bang-hang" type. The series-network operates during the "hang" phase as an active filter. Transistors are used on the high frequency side of the bridge and thyristors are used on the fundamental frequency side of the bridge. Provision is made for an AC source in parallel with the load, in which case feedback control is in response to the relative shares of the sources in the common load.
Abstract: In a static frequency changer controlled by adjusting the time of conduction of the bilateral switching units forming static converters, the time of conduction is split into n time intervals of conduction of respective subdurations adding-up to be equivalent to the effective time of conduction of the controlled switching unit, and such subdurations are spread and distributed throughout the time period of control of the switching unit within the original switching pattern of the converters, thereby to improve the quality of the output and input currents.
Abstract: The procedure described is based on a computation of the rotor emf of the asynchronous motor and hence of the slip or of a slip-proportional current component as obtained solely from measurements at the terminals. The instantaneous values of the required stator voltage or of the required stator current are formed with the computed signals either via a data-supported regulating circuit or by direct orientation on the space vector of the rotor emf, and fed with the aid of a fast electric controller to the motor.Using the described procedure, it is possible, among other things, to obtain torque or rotational speed control with good dynamic behavior. The procedure has the advantage of requiring low parameter sensitivity and the capability of dispensing with sensors on the motor.
Abstract: A coil for a 12-pulse transformer-rectifier apparatus assembled on a three-leg magnetic core comprising a half primary winding sandwiched between two half secondary windings of substantially the same height as the half primary winding. A pair of coils associated with one leg of a three-leg magnetic core in a 12-pulse transformer-rectifier, are oriented in opposition to one another, and have all their terminal conductors extending parallel to one another with transversal connectors in closely-related parallel planes.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
November 29, 1982
Date of Patent:
November 13, 1984
Assignee:
Westinghouse Electric Corp.
Inventors:
Joachim E. Wolf, Paul H. Watson, Raymond J. Radus
Abstract: In a motor-generator set, the frequency of the AC generator outputted voltage is automatically adjusted by field winding regulation of the DC motor, through a closed loop in which a dual-slope converter is charged during a clock-defined time interval in accordance with a potentiometer setpoint, and the charging plus discharging period of the dual slope converter encompasses the period of the outputted voltage.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 9, 1982
Date of Patent:
September 11, 1984
Assignee:
Westinghouse Electric Corp.
Inventors:
Theodore M. Heinrich, Shan C. Sun, Eugene L. Rodgers
Abstract: A solid state radio frequency high power generator for induction heating applications uses MOSFET devices controlled at radio frequency by a current loop which is automatically corrected against the possible occurrence of a leading phase shift by a voltage-current phase shift detection loop which responds to digital signals corrected against inherent time delays.
Abstract: A sliding window power demand control system switches loads, of sufficient size and function to cause a significant effect on plant energy consumption, ON and OFF. Loads to be switched are selected by a priority schedule in accordance with a determination made at each sampling instant and based on the projected power at the "next" sampling instant. Projected demand and the intended change in the demand are compared to a deadband in the demand about an assigned demand limit and to a deadband in the power consumed about the assigned demand limit. Load manipulations are thereby minimized.
Abstract: An adjustable speed machine-commutated inverter-synchronous motor drive includes control of the inverter at a selected rate without positioning. The line converter is controlled so as to maintain a relation I=f(T) and the relation E/l=g(T) is established by applying to the field regulator loop a reference which is a function of T, where T is the torque, I the current drawn by the motor drive and E the excitation voltage. Accordingly, the torque is not sensed. The functions are chosen so that the commutation margin angle is safe under natural commutation by the EMF of the motor and also chosen to improve drive operation.
Abstract: A reel-tension motor drive system embodies circuitry for the instantaneous calculation of the coil diameter of one reel from the instantaneously derived coil diameter of the other reel, thereby requiring the use of only one step velocity signal, the latter preferably on the winding side.