Abstract: The rheological characteristics of aqueous well drilling fluids are improved by incorporating into the fluids small amounts of sulfonated styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers and at least one water-soluble polymer prepared from acrylic acid or acrylamide or their derivatives.

Abstract: The rheological characteristics of aqueous well drilling fluids are improved by incorporating into the fluids a small amount of a sulfonated styrene-itaconic acid copolymer.

Abstract: A visual indicating paste composition for producing a detectable color change upon contact with an aqueous solution comprising an indicator dye capable of changing color in the pH range between about 7 and about 11, an inorganic base in the form of a caustic powder dispersed in a liquid carrier capable of absorbing water which is not rapidly leached by water or hydrocarbon, and a minor amount of a boron-containing compound, is provided. When applied to a measuring probe, the paste composition is particularly adapted for detecting the water level in the bottom of tanks and delivery systems containing gasoline, and especially gasoline containing oxygenated blending components, by producing a clear detectable color change without bleeding or run-off upon contact with an aqueous solution. The paste composition exhibits long shelf life and improved water tolerance.

Abstract: Particulate materials in aqueous media such as heat exchange systems are dispersed by introducing into the system a polymer blend comprising about 50 to 99% by weight of (A) a water-soluble, dissociating, low molecular weight polymer of at least one alpha, beta-monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, and about 50 to 1% by weight of (B) a water-soluble, dissociating, lower molecular weight polymer selected from (1) vinyl aromatic polymers and (2) polymers of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid. A typical polymer blend comprises, in neutralized form, (A) polyacrylic acid terminated with thioglycolic acid and (B) a polymer of sulfonated styrene and maleic anhydride.

Abstract: Aqueous solutions of water-soluble cationic amine polymers which are stable against viscosity changes are prepared by adding small amounts of amine compounds to the solutions and adjusting the pH of the solutions to a value in the range of about 10.5 to 12.5.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon processing equipment is protected against fouling during the processing of hydrocarbons at elevated temperatures by adding to the equipment small amounts of the N,N'-dimer of phenothiazine and at least one mono- or ditertiary alkyl catechol and/or at least one mono- or ditertiary alkylhydroquinone.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon processing equipment is protected against fouling during the processing of hydrocarbons at elevated temperatures by adding to the equipment small amounts of at least one N,N'-dimer of phenothiazine or a substituted phenothiazine and at least one mono- or ditertiary alkylphenol.

Abstract: Polysaccharide gums, such as guar gum, are removed from an aqueous liquid by agglomerating the gum with a low molecular weight, water-soluble copolymer of styrene and maleic anhydride and separating the agglomerate from the aqueous liquid.

Abstract: A hydrocarbonaceous liquid stream is modified to contain a minor amount of the amide reaction product of a polyalkylene polyamine and a neo-acid having 5 to 20 carbon atoms, the neo-acid having three alkyl groups on the carbon atom which is in the alpha position relative to the carboxylic group, whereby corrosion of iron and other metals contacted by said stream is significantly reduced.

Abstract: Tin carboxylates of higher carboxylic acids can be prepared in high yields by:(a) reacting either stannous oxide with an anhydride of a lower organic acid,(b) reacting the product from (a) with at least one higher carboxylic acid, and(c) recovering the tin carboxylate of said higher carboxylic acid.

Abstract: Antimony tricarboxylates of higher carboxylic acids can be prepared by(a) reacting antimony oxide with an anhydride of a lower organic acid,(b) reacting the product from (a) with at least one higher carboxylic acid at a temperature sufficient to vaporize volatile material and removing said volatile material, and(c) recovering the antimony tricarboxylate of said higher carboxylic acid.

Abstract: Antimony tricarboxylates of higher carboxylic acids can be prepared in high yields by(a) reacting antimony oxide with an anhydride of a lower organic acid,(b) reacting the product from (a) with at least one higher carboxylic acid at a temperature sufficient to vaporize volatile material and removing the vaporized volatile material,(c) simultaneously passing a stream of an inert gas through the reaction mixture, and(d) recovering the antimony tricarboxylate of said higher carboxylic acid.

Abstract: Vinyl aromatic compounds are stabilized against undesired polymerization by adding to the vinyl aromatic compounds small amounts of at least one N,N' dimer of phenothiazine or a substituted phenothiazine and at least one mono- or ditertiary alkyl catechol and/or at least one mono- or ditertiary alkylhydroquinone.

Abstract: Vinyl aromatic compounds are stabilized against undesired polymerization by adding to the vinyl aromatic compounds small amounts of at least one N,N' dimer of phenothiazine or a substituted phenothiazine and at least one mono- or ditertiary alkylphenol.

Abstract: The efficiency of acid catalyzed alkylation of alkanes with olefins is improved by conducting the alkylation in the presence of small amounts of a neo acid.

Abstract: Vinyl aromatic compounds are stabilized against undesired polymerization by adding to the vinyl aromatic compounds small amounts of at least one N,N-diarylhydroxylamine and at least one N,N' dimer of phenothiazine or substituted phenothiazine.

Abstract: Vinyl aromatic compounds are stabilized against undesired polymerization by adding to the vinyl aromatic compounds small amounts of the N,N'-dimer of phenothiazine or a substituted phenothiazine.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon process equipment is protected against fouling by incorporating into the hydrocarbon being processed small amounts of a composition comprised of a dialkylhydroxylamine and a tertiary alkylcatechol.

Abstract: An improved game ball is manufactured from a polyurethane foam prepared from a hydroxyl-containing diene polymer, a catalyst system comprised of a tin compound and a tertiary amine and a surfactant system comprised of a non-hydrolyzable silicone-polyether copolymer and a polydialkylsiloxane.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon process equipment is protected against fouling by incorporating into the hydrocarbon being processed small amounts of a composition comprised of a dialkylhydroxylamine and an organic surfactant.