Abstract: This invention is directed to the production of transparent glasses which can be chemically strengthened within a period of time not exceeding four hours to develop a surface compression layer having a sufficient depth to survive the Drop Ball Test after abrasion, the glasses consisting essentially, in weight percent, of______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 55-65 CaO 0-1.5 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 5-20 MgO 0-4 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 4-10 TiO.sub.2 0-4 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 + Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 14-26 ZrO.sub.2 0-7 Li.sub.2 O 0-3 MgO + TiO.sub.2 + ZrO.sub.2 0-10 Na.sub.2 O 6-18 As.sub.2 O.sub.3 0-0.5 K.sub.2 O 2-10 ZnO 0-1.5 Li.sub.2 O + Na.sub.2 O + K.sub.2 O 13-22. ______________________________________Where desired, 3.5-5.5% Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 may be included to yield glasses which, at a thickness of 2 mm, will not transmit more than 1% of ultraviolet radiation at a wavelength of 380 nm. Where an ultraviolet absorbing glass exhibiting a neutral gray, fixed tint is desired, 0.02-0.035% Co.sub.3 O.sub.4 and 0.08-0.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a method for producing colored glazes having controlled textures, the method comprising the following steps:(a) a first frit containing a colorant is prepared;(b) a slip of that frit is applied to a glass-ceramic body and dried;(c) a second frit either containing another colorant or being colorless is prepared;(d) a slip of that frit is applied atop the layer of dried particles of the first frit and is dried thereon;(e) the two layers of frit particles are fused into an integral glaze coating.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the production of transparent glasses exhibiting transmission far into the infrared regime of the radiation spectrum. The glasses consist essentially, in mole percent, of 42-55% CdF.sub.2 and/or CdCl.sub.2, 2-15% BaF.sub.2 and/or BaCl.sub.2, 30-40% NaF and/or NaCl, 2-7% KF and/or KCl, 1-12% total of at least one stabilizing metal halide selected from the group LiX, BeX.sub.2, MgX.sub.2, MnX.sub.2, PbX.sub.2, TlX, CoX.sub.2, and ZnX.sub.2, and 0.005-0.5% ReX.sub.3, wherein Re is at least one rare earth metal selected from the lanthanide series of rare earth metals and X is at least one halide selected from the group consisting of fluoride, chloride, and bromide.

Abstract: This invention is directed to glasses exhibiting annealing points above 625.degree. C., strain points above 600.degree. C., linear coefficients of thermal expansion (25.degree.-300.degree. C.) below 90.times.10.sup.-7 /.degree. C., refractive indices below 1.8, and, in thicknesses of 2 mm, infrared transmissions of at least 50% to wavelengths longer than 6 .mu.m, consisting essentially expressed in terms of cation % on the oxide basis, of 5-40% KO.sub.0.5, 4-22% LaO.sub.1.5, 50-76% GaO.sub.1.5, and up to 15% total of at least one additional component in the indicated properties selected from the group consisting of______________________________________ BaO 0-5 NaO.sub.0.5 0-5 CaO 0-5 PbO 0-5 CsO.sub.0.5 0-10 ZnO 0-5 ReO.sub.1.5 0-5 Cl 0-5.

Abstract: This invention is primarily directed to edged three-layer ophthalmic lenses having a coating covering the edge of the lens. The coating provides a cushion between the lens and an eyeglass frame and inhibits the penetration of moisture and tints commonly used to fashion tint ophthalmic lenses. The coating comprises a dimethyl silicone coblocked with vinyl with crosslinking therein being provided through a platinum-catalyzed addition reaction. The inventive coating also imparts advantageous properties to single element glass and plastic lenses.

Abstract: This invention relates to glass-ceramic articles containing lithium disilicate crystals as the predominant crystal phase and consisting essentially, in weight percent, of 8-19% Li.sub.2 O, 0-5% Na.sub.2 O, 0-7% K.sub.2 O, 0-8% Na.sub.2 O+K.sub.2 O, 0-10% CaO, 0-6% SrO, 0-6% BaO, 2-12% Na.sub.2 O+K.sub.2 O+CaO+SrO+BaO, 0-7% ZnO, 0-11% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 1.5-11% ZnO+Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, with a molar ratio (Na.sub.2 O+K.sub.2 O) (ZnO+Al.sub.2 O.sub.3) between 0.075-1.25, 65-80% SiO.sub.2, and as a nucleating agent 1.5-7% P.sub.2 O.sub.5 and/or 0.0001-0.1% Pd. Glass-ceramics having certain compositions within those ranges are self-glazing.

Abstract: This invention is directed to an electrolytic material for use in light modulation devices. The material consists essentially of four components:(1) at least one organic solvent;(2) at least one salt of an electrodepositable metal;(3) at least one organic acid; and(4) at least one salt of a non-electrodepositable metal which facilitates the dissolution of the salt of the electrodepositable metal.

Abstract: This invention relates to lead-free and cadmium-free frit compositions for glazes and enamels which consist essentially, expressed in terms of weight percent on the oxide basis, of______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 51-59 CaO 0-7 Li.sub.2 O 0-2 SrO 0-12 Na.sub.2 O 3.5-7 BaO 0-9 K.sub.2 O 6-8.5 ZnO 0-10 Li.sub.2 O + Na.sub.2 O + K.sub.2 O 10-15 CaO + SrO + BaO + 8-18 ZnO B.sub.2 O.sub.3 9-12 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 4.5-7 ______________________________________with the proviso that the mole ratio (Li.sub.2 O+Na.sub.2 O+K.sub.2 O):(CaO+SrO+ZnO) is greater than 1.0 and ranges up to about 1.4.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for eliminating the grayish discoloration which commonly develops when lead-free and cadmium-free glass frits are applied to substrates utilizing an organic medium and thereafter fired to fuse the frit particles into a glaze. The grayish discoloration contains a carbonaceous residue from the organic medium. The method comprises the four general steps:(1) adsorbing a coating of a strongly oxidizing metal ion species onto the surface of the frit particles;(2) mixing the coated frit particles with an organic medium;(3) applying that mixture to a substrate; and(4) firing the mixture to eliminate the organic medium and to oxidize the carbonaceous residue while fusing the frit particles into a glaze.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the production of glass-ceramic articles comprising an interior portion and a surface layer exhibiting a variegated color, textured surface appearance. In the most preferred embodiment lithium disilicate crystals constitute the predominant crystal phase in both the interior portion and in the surface layer.

Abstract: This invention relates to glasses exhibiting very high optical non-linearity, very high Verdet constants, very high electro-optic constants, and excellent transmissions of infrared radiation. The glasses consist essentially, in cation percent, of:______________________________________ T10.sub.0.5 20-55 GeO.sub.2 0-17 BiO.sub.1.5 0-67 PbO 0-40 GaO.sub.1.5 13-30 T10.sub.0.5 + BiO.sub.1.5 + PbO 70-87 SiO.sub.2 0-5 TeO.sub.

Abstract: This invention relates to the production of glasses exhibiting a refractive index between about 1.66-1.81, a softening point between about 625.degree.-675.degree. C., a strain point between about 455.degree.-490.degree. C., a linear coefficeint of thermal expansion (25.degree.-300.degree. C.) between about 53-65.times.10.sup.-7 /.degree.C., and good chemical durability which consist essentially, in weight percent, of:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 24-42 Li.sub.2 O 0.2 Li.sub.2 O + Na.sub.2 O + K.sub.2 O 0-3.5 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 3-7.5 Na.sub.2 O 0-2 ZrO.sub.2 0-2.5 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 2-7.5 K.sub.2 O 0-3 TiO.sub.2 0-8 PbO 35-57 La.sub.2 O.sub.3 0-8 La.sub.2 O.sub.3 + ZrO.sub.2 4-12.sub.

Abstract: This invention relates to production of high purity fused silica glass doped with titania through oxidation or flame hydrolysis of a gaseous mixture and containing rutile crystals comprising a vaporizable, silicon-containing compound. Titanium-2-ethylhexyloxide, titanium cyclopentyloxide, and a titanium amide, or a combination thereof, constitute the operable titanium-containing compounds.

Abstract: This invention relates to the production of high purity fused silica glass through oxidation and/or flame hydrolysis of a halide-free, organosilicon-R compound in vapor form having the following properties:(a) producing a gas stream of a halide-free silicon-containing compound in vapor form capable of being converted through thermal decomposition with oxidation or flame hydrolysis to SiO.sub.2 ;(b) passing said gas stream into the flame of a combustion burner to form amorphous particles of fused SiO.sub.2 ;(c) depositing said amorphous particles onto a support; and(d) either essentially simultaneously with said deposition or subsequently thereto consolidating said deposit of amorphous particles into a virtually nonporous body; the improvement comprising utilizing a halide-free, organosilicon-R compound in vapor form having the following properties:(1) a Si--R bond dissociation energy that is no higher than the dissociation energy of the Si--O bond;(2) a boiling point no higher than 350.degree. C.

Abstract: This invention is drawn to a method for eliminating the grayish discoloration which customarily develops when lead-free and cadmium-free glass frits are applied to substrates employing an organic vehicle and which are thereafter fired to fuse the frit particles into a glaze. The grayish hue results from a carbonaceous residue left upon thermally decomposing the organic vehicle. The inventive method comprises five general elements:(a) glass frit particles of a desired composition are prepared;(b) a coating of an organic compound containing at least one sulfur oxide group as an oxidizing agent is adsorbed on the surface of the particles;(c) the coated particles are mixed with an organic vehicle;(d) that mixture is coated onto a surface of a substrate; and(e) that coated substrate is fired to fuse the frit particles into a glaze, the oxidizing agent eliminating the carbonaceous residue left upon thermal decomposition of the organic vehicle.

Abstract: This invention is drawn to heavy metal oxide glasses exhibiting high nonlinear susceptibility and infrared transmission consisting essentially, in weight percent, of 42-48% PbO, 33-44% Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3, 10-15% Ga.sub.2 O.sub.3, and up to 15% total of at least one member of the group consisting of up to 5% SiO.sub.2 and/or GeO.sub.2 and up to 15% Tl.sub.2 O. This invention also comprehends the fabrication of light guiding fibers from those glasses.

Abstract: This invention relates to a glass exhibiting a transistion temperature no higher than 425.degree. C. and excellent resistance to attack by water consisting essentially, expressed in terms of weight percent on the oxide basis, of about:______________________________________ P.sub.2 O.sub.5 38-50 MoO.sub.3 0-10 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 0-5 WO.sub.3 0-10 Na.sub.2 O 2-10 MoO.sub.3 + WO.sub.3 2-15 Li.sub.2 O 0.75-5 SnO.sub.2 0-10 K.sub.2 O 2-10 Cl 0-8 (analyzed) Na.sub.2 O + Li.sub.2 O + 5-25 Sn.sub.2 O + MoO.sub.3 + 2-25 K.sub.2 O WO.sub.3 + Cl ZnO 28-40 ______________________________________and being essentially free of PbO.

Abstract: This invention relates to glasses for use as substrates in flat panel display devices which use polycrystalline silicon thin film transistors. The compositions for those glasses are essentially free from alkali metal oxides and MgO and consist essentially, in weight percent, of:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 63-68 BaO 4.5-10 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 7.5-11 CaO + SrO + BaO 14-26 CaO 9.5-16 B.sub.2 O.sub.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with glasses for use as substrates in flat panel display devices which use polycrystalline silicon thin film transistors. The compositions for these glasses are essentially free from alkali metal oxides and MgO and consist essentially, in mole percent, of:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 65-75 CaO and/or BaO 0-10 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 6-10 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 0-5 SrO 15-26 [CaO and/or BaO] + B.sub.2 O.sub.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the production of glass substrates for use in flat panel display devices employing polycrystalline silicon thin film transistors. The compositions for these glasses are essentially free from alkali metal oxides and consist essentially,in mole percent of:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 60-65 MgO 0-4 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 8-10 SrO 0-12 B.sub.2 O.sub.