Abstract: A photographic silver halide emulsion is disclosed in which the face centered cubic crystal lattice structure of the grains contain at adjacent cation sites metal ions chosen from group VIII, periods 5 and 6. The metal ions are placed at adjacent cation lattice sites by sensitizing the grains with oligomers each containing at least two of the group VIII metal ions.

Abstract: Assemblies of double coated radiographic elements exhibiting sharply curtailed crossover and front and back intensifying screen pairs are disclosed. By choosing a front screen that exceeds a stated sharpness criterion, expressed in terms of modulation transfer factors (MTF), and a back screen and adjacent emulsion layer unit combination exhibiting a photicity at least twice that of the combination of the front screen and its adjacent emulsion layer unit an enhancement in detective quantum efficiency (DQE) is realized.

Abstract: A circuit element is disclosed comprised of a substrate and an electrically conductive layer located on the substrate. The electrically conductive layer is comprised of a crystalline rare earth alkaline earth copper oxide. The substrate is formed of a material which increases the electrical resistance of the conductive layer when in contact with the rare earth alkaline earth copper oxide during crystallization of the latter to an electrically conductive form. A barrier layer is interposed between the electrically conductive layer and the substrate. The barrier layer contains magnesium, a group IVA metal, or a platinum group metal, either in an elemental state or in the form of an oxide or silicide.

Abstract: An intensifying screen is disclosed containing a phosphor composition comprised of monoclinic crystals of a titanium activated hafnia phosphor host containing yttrium ions to reduce afterglow. A phosphor composition in which zirconia is at least partially substituted for hafnia is also disclosed.

Abstract: A photographic element is disclosed comprised of a support and, coated on the support, at least one radiation-sensitive silver halide emulsion comprised of tabular silver halide grains and a dispersing medium. The emulsion includes as a vehicle methacrylate polymer latex capable of reducing pressure sensitivity having a glass transition temperature of less than 50.degree. C.

Abstract: An intensifying screen is disclosed containing a phosphor composition comprised of monoclinic crystals of a titanium activated hafnia phosphor host containing neodymium ions to reduce afterglow. A phosphor composition in which zirconia is at least partially substituted for hafnia is also disclosed.

Abstract: An optical article is disclosed containing, for the transmission of electromagnetic radiation, a medium exhibiting a second order polarization susceptibility greater than 10.sup.-9 electrostatic units comprised of polar aligned noncentrosymmetric molecular dipoles. The molecular dipoles have a hydrophobic electron donor moiety linked through a conjugated .pi. bonding system to an electron acceptor sulfonyl moiety. The electron acceptor sulfonyl moiety includes at least two halogen substitutents of its .alpha. carbon atom.

Abstract: A photorefractive device is disclosed comprised of a first and second electrodes for establishing a potential gradient between first and second spaced locations and, interposed between the first and second electrodes, intermediate means capable of producing in a readout beam of electromagnetic radiation an image pattern corresponding to that present in a spatially intersecting writing beam of electromagnetic radiation when a potential gradient is applied to the intermediate means by said first and second electrodes. The intermediate means consists of a photorefractive layer capable of internally storing the image pattern of the writing beam created by its interference with an intersecting reference beam of electromagnetic radiation, the photorefractive layer being comprised of a homogeneous organic photoconductor containing organic noncentrosymmetric molecular dipoles capable of imparting to the photorefractive layer a second order polarization susceptibility of greater than 10.sup.-9 esu.

Abstract: A double coated radiographic element is disclosed which exhibits a crossover of less than 5 percent and which is provided with a silver halide emulsion layer unit on one side of its transparent film support that is at least twice the speed of the silver halide emulsion layer unit on the opposite side of the film support.

Abstract: A combination is disclosed comprising a superconductive ceramic oxide which degrades in conductivity upon contact of ambient air with its surface and, interposed between said ceramic oxide surface and ambient air, a passivant polymer.

Abstract: An intensifying screen is disclosed containing a phosphor composition comprised of monoclinic crystals of a titanium activated hafnia phosphor host containing ions of one or more rare earths selected from among those having an atomic number of 39, 62 to 64 inclusive, and 67 to 71 inclusive. A phosphor composition in which zirconia is at least partially substituted for hafnia is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process is disclosed of producing on a crystalline silicon substrate a barrier layer triad capable of protecting a rare earth alkaline earth copper oxide conductive coating from direct interaction with the substrate. A silica layer of at least 2000 .ANG. in thickness is deposited on the silicon substrate, and followed by deposition on the silica layer of a Group 4 heavy metal to form a layer having a thickness in the range of from 1500 to 3000 .ANG.. Heating the layers in the absence of a reactive atmosphere to permit oxygen migration from the silica layer forms a barrier layer triad consisting of a silica first triad layer located adjacent the silicon substrate, a heavy Group 4 metal oxide third triad layer remote from the silicon substrate, and a Group 4 heavy metal silicide second triad layer interposed between the first and third triad layers.

Abstract: A double coated radiographic element is disclosed which exhibits a crossover of less than 5 percent and which is provided with a first silver halide emulsion layer unit on one side of its transparent film support that exhibits an average contrast of less than 2.0 and a second silver halide emulsion layer unit on the opposite side of the silm support that exhibits an average contrast of at least 2.5.

Abstract: An intensifying screen for producing a latent image in a silver halide radiographic element when imagewise exposed to X-radiation is disclosed. The screen contains a phosphor having a hafnia host containing zirconia in concentrations higher than those found in optical grade hafnia. The phosphor can include as an activator one or a combination of titanium, rare earth, and alkali metal ions. Phosphor preparation processes are also disclosed.

Abstract: An intensifying screen is disclosed containing a phosphor composition comprised of monoclinic crystals of a titanium activated hafnia phosphor host containing indium ions or indium ions in combination with neodymium ions. Indium increases speed while reducing afterglow while the further addition of neodymium allows afterglow to be eliminated. A phosphor composition in which zirconia is at least partially substituted for hafnia is also disclosed.

Abstract: An intensifying screen is disclosed containing a phosphor composition comprised of monoclinic crystals of a titanium activated hafnia phosphor host containing scandium ions or scandium ions in combination with neodymium ions. Scandium increases speed while reducing afterglow while the further addition of neodymium allows afterglow to be eliminated. A phosphor composition in which zirconia is at least partially substituted for hafnia is also disclosed.

Abstract: A flexible electrically conductive article is disclosed comprised of an organic film, a conductive crystalline cuprate layer, and a release layer that together form a flexible electrically conductive assembly. The article is prepared by forming a conductive cuprate layer on a refractory substrate with the release interposed. After the cuprate layer is formed, the organic film is bonded to it, permitting the cuprate layer to be stripped intact from the substrate with the organic film. A crystal growth accelerating agent can be associated with the cuprate layer during its formation to minimize the heat energy required for crystallization.

Abstract: An intensifying screen for producing a latent image in a silver halide radiographic element when imagewise exposed to X-radiation is disclosed. The screen contains a phosphor having a hafnia host containing zirconia in concentrations higher than those found in optical grade hafnia. The phosphor can include as an activator one or a combination of titanium, rare earth, and alkali metal ions. Phosphor preparation processes are also disclosed.

Abstract: A phosphor composition is disclosed comprised of phosphor crystals which consist essentially of oxygen and a combination of metals satisfying the relationship:Li.sub.2 Hf.sub.1-x-y-z Zr.sub.z Sn.sub.y Ti.sub.x L.sub.wwhereL is at least one rare earth;w+x+y collectively are 0 to 0.2; andz is up to 0.2.The composition has utility in an intensifying screen for producing a latent image in a silver halide radiographic element when imagewise exposed to X-radiation.

Abstract: An intensifying screen is disclosed containing a phosphor composition comprised of monoclinic crystals of a titanium activated hafnia phosphor host containing indium ions or indium ions in combination with neodymium ions. Indium increases speed while reducing afterglow while the further addition of neodymium allows afterglow to be eliminated. A phosphor composition in which zirconia is at least partially substituted for hafnia is also disclosed.