Abstract: Aqueous peroxide-free size compositions for application to glass fibers contain, as essential components, a reaction product of a polymeric amine and an amine-reactable organosilane, a film-forming polymer and an emulsified polyolefin. The reaction product can be preformed or made in situ, and is preferably the product of a polyalkylene polyamine and an epoxy-functional alkoxysilane. An optional added component is a water-soluble, non-volatile carboxylic acid. Glass fibers treated with the size composition can be made into mats, especially continuous strand, needled mats, useful for reinforcing thermoplastic polymers such as polypropylene in laminates which then can be used in molding processes to make articles of good physical properties.

Abstract: Aqueous size compositions for application to glass fibers contain, as essential components, a reaction product of a polymeric amine and an amine-reactable organosilane, a film-forming polymer and an emulsified polyolefin. The reaction product can be preformed or made in situ, and is preferably the product of a polyalkylene polyamine and an epoxy-functional alkoxysilane. An optional added component is a water-soluble, non-volatile carboxylic acid. Glass fibers treated with the size composition can be made into mats, especially continuous strand, needled mats, useful for reinforcing thermoplastic polymers such as polypropylene in laminates which then can be used in molding processes to make articles of good physical properties.

Abstract: B-stage polyurethanes comprising the reaction product of at least one hydroxyl-containing ester having a terminal acrylyl or alpha-substituted acrylyl group, an organic diisocyanate and a polyester polyol, are cured by ionizing radiation or actinic light to provide hard, thermoset polyurethanes. The composition may include one or more copolymerizable ethylenic monomers. The method is useful to provide films, coatings and impregnated materials of highly desirable properties.

Abstract: Coating compositions having improved application characteristics as well as other desirable properties are prepared by adding insoluble crosslinked polymeric microparticles to solutions or dispersions of carboxylic acid amide interpolymers. The compositions may be spray coated onto various substrates in two coat applications to form coatings having improved film build, pattern control and flow control while maintaining the gloss characteristics of the film.

Abstract: Coating compositions which are water soluble or dispersible after basic neutralization comprise the reaction product in the proportion by weight of 90:10 to 10:90 of (1) one or more epoxy resins containing 1 to 2 free oxirane groups, which can be partially esterified by fatty acids, with (2) one or more compounds obtained by the reaction of diene polymerizates with alpha,beta unsaturated carboxylic or dicarboxylic acids or anhydrides, in the presence of an alcoholic moderator solvent. The reaction is conducted at a temperature of at least 130.degree. C.These coating compositions may contain, if desired, other components such as pigments, partial esters and methylol phenol ethers. They can be applied by roller, spraying, dipping, and are especially adapted for application by electrodeposition, to obtain after curing coatings which are both flexible and hard.

Abstract: Synthetic resins which are water-dispersible Zwitterion-containing resins and containing chemically-bound quaternary ammonium base groups can be dissolved or dispersed in water to provide aqueous coating compositions. Such compositions in which these resins are the major resinous component can be applied by electrodeposition and deposit on the cathode to provide coatings of improved properties including a high degree of resistance to corrosion or staining.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved apparatus for preparing alkylated urea or melamine formaldehyde resins from alcohols having a boiling point higher than water, which apparatus permits the return of substantially dry alcohol from the water distillation system to the reactor.The apparatus comprises a reactor connected to a fractionating column, having a rectifying section above a stripping section, at the junction of the rectifying section and the stripping section; a reboiler at the bottom of the fractionating column, which returns substantially dry alcohol to the reactor; a condenser which condenses the alcohol-water vapor mixture exiting the rectifying section of the column; and a separator device which separates the condensed mixture into an alcohol phase and a water phase, and from which the alcohol phase is returned to the top portion of the column.Use of the apparatus of the invention results in a substantial reduction in reaction times.

Abstract: Microcapsules are produced in-situ in a film or during the manufacturing process of a water-based coating composition from which the film is formed. A principal process involves the in-situ production of void-containing microcapsules in a film formed from a water-based coating. This principal process involves as a first step the preparation of a polymer composition which may be a homogeneous solution containing a water-immiscible organic polymer, a water-immiscible solvent for the polymer, and a water-immiscible lower volatility non-solvent which is miscible with the solvent; or an emulsion containing as the continuous phase a water-immiscible organic polymer dissolved in a water-immiscible solvent for the polymer and, as the discontinuous phase, droplets of a lower volatility non-solvent dispersed in the continuous phase. This polymer composition is then emulsified under agitation and in the presence of a surfactant into a water-based coating composition.

Abstract: This invention relates to radiation curable compositions having improved resistance to color bleaching, resistance to chalking and/or improved gloss retention. The compositions comprise ethylenically unsaturated diacrylate or an unsaturated polyester in admixture with a polymerized aminoalkyl alkoxysilane.

Abstract: A novel method of preparing polymers in aqueous medium involves the free radical initiated addition polymerization of the monomer or monomers from which the polymer is formed in an aqueous medium in the presence of a non-salt forming free radical polymerization initiator and a salt or partial salt of an acid-containing polymer containing one or more pendent double bonds. The pendent double bonds of the acid containing polymer provide a convenient grafting site for the polymer being formed by the free radical polymerization.The novel method of the invention provides for excellent stability and compatibility of the resultant aqueous based polymer.

Abstract: An improved electrostatic spray charging device for spray guns is disclosed. The device comprises an adapter formed from a dielectric material in the shape of a generally cylindrical tube adapted at one end to be secured to the end of a conventional spray gun and constructed at the second end to provide an inductive charging field for materials discharged by the spray gun. The second end of the adapter is formed, in the preferred embodiment, into two diametrically opposed lobes, each of which carries on its interior surface at least one charging plate to which a d.c. voltage on the order of 10-20 KV is applied. The exterior surface of each lobe carries an electrically grounded electrode which preferably is annular in shape to provide an electric field configuration that prevents accumulation of charged spray particles on the exterior surfaces of the adapter.

Abstract: A resinous composition for preparing opaque films which consists of a film-forming material in which there is dispersed discrete cellular particles. Each particle is composed of non-opaque, film-forming material, such as acrylic resins, and contains therein one or more cells, having an average diameter of less than 15 microns, which serve to scatter incident light rays. The particulate matter is easily dispersed in the film-forming material by means of conventional mixing procedures.

Abstract: Air cooling means useful in conjunction with UV processors, i.e. apparatus for treating products with ultraviolet light, is adapted to impinge relatively high velocity cooling air onto the product being treated while minimizing contact of the cooling air with the lamp providing the ultraviolet light. The air cooling means comprises oppositely spaced slot-like nozzles and an exhaust channel to remove the air without contacting the ultraviolet lamp. In preferred embodiments, the nozzles direct the air angularly away from the ultraviolet lamp and toward a longitudinal exhaust channel positioned between and above the nozzles. It is preferred that the UV processor have a plurality of ultraviolet lamps with air cooling means adjacent to and following each such lamp.

Abstract: A non-aqueous thermoset polymer solution coating having excellent properties is attained by polymerizing a hydroxy alkyl acrylate or methacrylate in a dispersing liquid in the presence of a dispersion stabilizer and a carboxylic acid and an imine. An aminoplast resin is added to the polymer dispersion after the dispersion is swamped with active solvent to form a solution and the resulting coating has excellent solvent pop resistance.

Abstract: Ungelled thermosetting products are produced by reacting an amine-aldehyde condensate, such as malamine-formaldehyde or urea-formaldehyde resin, with a polyfunctional material containing both hydroxyl and carboxyl groups. Preferred polyfunctional materials include di(hydroxyaryl) alkylidene carboxylic acids. Water-dispersed compositions in which the vehicle comprises such reaction products alone or in combination with other resins are applied by electrodeposition.

Abstract: Cured coatings having a high degree of extensibility and other desirable properties are obtained from compositions comprising a hydroxyl-containing, urethane reaction product containing a polyester component and an amine-aldehyde resin. Preferred compositions contain a polymeric polyol of low glass transition temperature. These compositions are storage-stable in one package, and the cured coatings are adherent, durable and highly extensible. These coatings are particularly useful on resilient and rubbery substrates, such as form rubber, polyurethane foam and vinyl foam, and on soft metal surfaces such as mild steel and aluminum.

Abstract: Electrodepositable coating compositions having improved appearance, detergent resistance, salt-spray resistance and other improved properties are provided by the combination of a vehicle resin which is a water-dispersible quaternary onium (e.g., ammonium, sulfonium, phosphonium) salt-containing resin in combination with either an amine-aldehyde condensation product or a methylol-phenol ether, or the combination of the two. These compositions electrodeposit on the cathode. The properties of the coatings obtained make them highly useful as industrial finishes, either as primers or as one-coat finishes.