Abstract: A programmed computer generates descriptions of circuits (called “checkers”) that flag functional defects in a description of a circuit undergoing functional verification. The programmed computer automatically converts the circuit's description into a graph, automatically examines the graph for instances of a predetermined arrangement of nodes and connections, and automatically generates instructions that flag a behavior of a device represented by the instance in conformance with a known defective behavior. The checkers can be used during simulation or emulation of the circuit, or during operation of the circuit in a semiconductor die. The circuit's description can be in Verilog or VHDL and the automatically generated checkers can also be described in Verilog or VHDL. Therefore, the checkers can co-simulate with the circuit, monitoring the simulated operation of the circuit and flagging defective behavior.

Abstract: The invention concerns a system for achieving an optical image of an object (136), and/or for achieving optical collimation (137) of light from a light source (130), comprising a concave mirror (131: 134), the surface normal of which forms an angle with the incident light in a beam. A negative lens (132, 133) that co-operates with the concave mirror is arranged in the incident and/or exit beam paths such that an image with eliminated or reduced imaging aberrations is achieved in a focal plane (135), and/or that the exit light from a light sources (130) is collimated (137).

Abstract: A system for automating the growing of crops, such as grapevines. Combinations of data from sensors local to a vineyard, and from optional remote stations and sensors, is combined with a control system to accurately control the dispensing of water and chemicals such as insecticides, disease prevention fungicides and fertilizers. The materials are dispensed through a multiple channel conduit which allows conflicting, or incompatible, types of materials to be transported through a common assembly. Sensors are attached to the conduit so that the placement of sensors can occur simultaneously with the laying of the conduit. This approach also ensures correct placement and spacing of the sensors with respect to each plant, or plant area, to be monitored and treated.

Abstract: A system providing a user interface to allow a user to easily modify parameters of media presentations such as images and audio. The user selects first and second reference instances, such as images. The images are described by parameters and parameter values. Differences between the images' parameter/value characteristics are identified. The first and second reference images are placed at different points on a display screen. By moving a pointer relative to the positions of the first and second reference images, a current image is generated that is a combination, or function, of the identified parameter/value characteristics. Thus, the user is able to quickly, and intuitively, achieve many desired modifications to the media. A feature of the invention allows image content to be modified in a similar manner. First and second computer model positions, animations, bitmap images, etc., can be used and the same technique employed to create many derivations from the selected reference images.

Abstract: A system and method and computer program for seamlessly accessing multiple data sources and voice repositories using voice commands in a single phone call session. The system comprises of voice grammars that span various contexts for all data sources and voice repositories, a telephony platform, an automatic speech recognition engine, extractors for extracting information from the data sources and voice repositories and an interpreter for controlling the extractors and telephony platform. It is the co-operation between the voice grammars and the telephony platform, controlled by a VoiceXML interpreter that enables this seamless access to information from the multiple data sources and voice repositories.

Abstract: Buffers, or registers, are used at one or more places between processing stages in a device for decrypting a data stream. The device has multiple processing stages arranged in a circular manner so that data is repeatedly passed from a prior stage to a next stage, and from a last stage back to a first stage, until processing is completed. The use of one or more registers at one or more positions allows data to be stored so that the stream associated with the stored data can effectively be suspended. This allows data from another stream to be processed while the suspended stream is in a wait state.

Abstract: A system for automating the growing of crops, such as grapevines. Combinations of data from sensors local to a vineyard, and from optional remote stations and sensors, is combined with a control system to accurately control the dispensing of water and chemicals such as insecticides, disease prevention fungicides and fertilizers. The materials are dispensed through a multiple channel conduit which allows conflicting, or incompatible, types of materials to be transported through a common assembly. Sensors are attached to the conduit so that the placement of sensors can occur simultaneously with the laying of the conduit. This approach also ensures correct placement and spacing of the sensors with respect to each plant, or plant area, to be monitored and treated.

Abstract: A system for processing images, or clips, as, for example, in a movie or video post production system. The clips are associated with a flowgraph representation that visually depicts all of the operations used to generate the clips. Correspondence between the image and flowgraph representations is tightly maintained so that the user can conveniently switch between, and work among, the different representations. Efficient user interface mechanisms are provided to work with flowgraph items to construct nodes representing operations. Nodes can be joined in an automated, or assisted, manner. Flowgraphs can be automatically generated according to user inputs in other parts of the system. For example, layered effects can have flowgraphs that are automatically generated. A freehand drawing timing capture tool is provided. All operations that contribute to a single (or more) pixel's value can be listed and selectively activated or deactivated to detect a problem.

Abstract: A ticker tape PiP system that provides for viewing the ticker tape image portion from one image signal (e.g., a ticker tape image portion of a television image signal), while viewing at least a portion of an image from a different image signal (i.e., a standard television program image). The ticker tape PiP system includes an image display device, a first tuner and a second tuner. The first and second tuners are configured to receive first and second image signals and to output corresponding first and second video signals, respectively. The ticker tape PiP system also includes a video switching subsystem for receiving the first and second video signals and for selectively switching an output to the image display device between (i) an RGB formatted display signal derived from the first video signal and (ii) an RGB formatted display signal derived from the second video signal that corresponds only to a ticker tape image portion of the second video signal.

Abstract: An aerial projection system and method having a housing for positioning low cost optical elements capable of generating a three dimensional aerial images at video rates without reflected artifacts or visible display of the display screen. A method for generating the display images is based on a set of rules that eliminate boundary transgressions and maximizes the illusion of a three dimensional aerial image. An optional second display is a transparent imaging panel that acts selectively as a light valve, as a display platform for special effects or for providing the appearance of linear motion towards or away from the observer. An optional third display, also a transparent imaging panel, may be used as a background display device for displaying video rate images that are not projected aerial images.

Abstract: A system for optimizing data storage and retrieval by an audio/video system using a number of different tables is disclosed. According to one aspect of the system, the system includes two different types of hierarchical file allocation tables (HFATs), a contiguous space table, a track table and a list table. The two different types of HFATs are a 0th order HFAT and a 1st order HFAT. Each of the two types of HFATs contains a number of entries. Each 0th order HFAT entry corresponds to a specific disk block and each 1st order HFAT entry corresponds to a specific subdivision within a subdivided disk block. A 0th order HFAT entry and an 1st order HFAT entry is linkable to one another to allow disk blocks and subdivisions which make up a file to be identified. The contiguous space table is used to store information relating to the location and availability of contiguous spaces or disk blocks. The track table contains a number of records. Each record, in turn, contains various track, HMSF and descriptor information.

Abstract: A system for improved digital data compression in an audio encoder. A threshold is established which depends on the bit rate of the input data. A determination is made whether the bit rate is above or below the established threshold. A masking index is calculated for the input data according to a first formula if the input data is being transmitted at a rate at or below the threshold. A second formula is used to calculate the masking index if the input data is being transmitted at a rate above the threshold. The masking index is used to generate a masking threshold, and data deemed insignificant relative to the masking threshold is ignored. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a psycho-acoustic modeler, which is included in the encoding section of an encoding/decoding (CODEC) circuit, is used to determine a masking index. The masking index is then used to generate a masking threshold.

Abstract: A system providing a user interface to annotate different items in a media production system such as in a digital non-linear post production system. Parts of the production, such as clips, frames and layers, that have an associated annotation are provided with a visual annotation marker. The annotation marker can use shape, color or animation to convey source, urgency, status or other information. Annotations can be text, freehand drawing, audio, or other. Annotations can be automatically generated. Annotations can be compiled into records, searched and transferred. A state of an application program can be stored and transferred to a remote system. The remote system attempts to recreate the original state of the application program. If the remote system is unable to do so, an image of the state of the application program is obtained, instead. Assignment of control to various functions of an application program is achieved by associating a function (i.e.

Abstract: A dehydrated composition is provided that includes freeze-dried erythrocytic cells. Alcohol (e.g., sterol or cholesterol) is at least partially removed from erythrocytic cells including erythrocytic membranes. After removal of at least part of the alcohol, the erythrocytic cells have a low phase transition temperature range, an intermediate phase transition temperature range, and a high phase transition temperature range. The erythrocytic cells may be loaded with an oligosaccharide (e.g., trehalose) which preserves biological properties during freeze-drying and rehydration. A process for increasing cooperativity of a phase transition of an erythrocytic cell. A process for preserving and/or increasing the survival of dehydrated erythrocytic cells, including storing dehydrated erythrocytic cells having a residual water content equal to or less than about 0.30 gram of water per gram of dry weight erythrocytic cells.

Abstract: Digital signal processing systems and methods for smoothing out an audio signal having an abrupt transition in volume. A DSP in an audio visual recording device is configured to smooth out discontinuous volume transitions in an audio signal during encoding. Such abrupt, discontinuous changes can occur when a user instructs the recording device to pause and resume during recording or when the user changes channels during recording. The DSP applies a transform that linearly increases or decreases the volume over one or more audio frames from the first volume level to the next volume level after the abrupt change.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and method which serves as a refinement in the criteria used to improve the performance of audio signal processing systems. More specifically, the present invention provides a method by which the frequency and magnitude of artifacts added to audio signal data in an encoder device can be reduced. The encoding device through which the audio signal passes includes a filter bank for filtering source audio data to produce frequency sub-bands, a psycho-acoustic modeler for calculating signal to masking ratios from the frequency sub-bands of the source audio data, and a bit allocator for assigning for using the signal to masking ratios to assign a finite number of bits to represent the frequency sub-bands. In the absence of a significant event, the bit allocator performs a pre-bit allocation procedure to prevent artifacts or discontinuities in the encoded audio data.