Abstract: Novel antigenic polypeptides having at least one determinant immunologically cross-reactive with determinants on a polypeptide associated with the rhoptry organelles of the merozoite form of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum are described. Also described are immunogenic compositions containing such a polypeptide, DNAs coding for such a polypeptide, recombinant vectors containing such a DNA sequence, host organisms containing a replicable vector, and antibodies which are directed against a polypeptide in accordance with the invention. In addition, processes for the production of the immunogenic compositions, the microorganisms, and the antibodies, as well as the use the polypeptides and the immunogenic compositions for the immunization of mammals against malaria are also described.

Abstract: A process for producing 2-keto-L-gulonic acid which comprises converting L-sorbose and/or D-sorbitol into 2-keto-L-gulonic acid with the aid of a microorganism or its cell free extract, said microorganism belonging to the species Gluconobacter oxydans capable of producing 2-keto-L-gulonic acid and having L-sorbose dehydrogenase activity. Also disclosed are specific microorganisms useful in such process.

Abstract: Acid esters of formula, ##STR1## wherein R2 is lower-alkyl, or acid-addition salts thereof useful as intermediates in the production of beta-aminoalcohols.

Abstract: Sulphonic acid esters of formula ##STR1## wherein R1 is lower-alkyl or phenyl, useful as intermediates in the production of .beta.-aminoalcohols.

Abstract: Nitriles of formula ##STR1## wherein R3 is acetoxy or benzyloxycarbonyl, useful as intermediates in the production of beta-aminoalcohols.

Abstract: The compound of the formula, ##STR1## wherein R.sup.4 is hydrogen, lower-alkanoyl or benzyloxycarbonyl and R.sup.2 is lower-alkyl or acid-addition salts thereof, useful as intermediates in the production of beta-aminoalcohols.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a human Tumor Necrosis Factor mutein or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof having selective binding affinity for the human p55-Tumor-Necrosis-Factor-Receptor characterized in that the amino acid sequence of human Tumor Necrosis Factor is changed at least at position 86 having a threonine instead of a serine residue, a DNA sequence coding for such a mutein, a vector comprising such a DNA sequence, and a host cell transformed by such a vector.

Abstract: The optical process for analyzing substances is based on the measurement of the propagation properties of optical surface waves on sensor surfaces. In a wave guide layer structure in contact with a sample, guided light waves are decoupled with a grating coupler. The decoupling region of the grating coupler is imaged onto a position resolving detector so that the plane of the wave guide layer structure forms the object plane and the detection plane lies in the image plane of the optical imaging. The light distribution of the decoupled wave field in the image plane is measured with the detector and used to determine the analytical quantity to be measured. The device for carrying out the process consists of a suitable wave guide sensor with grating coupler, an imaging lens system and an optical detector (10).

Abstract: Stable, cold water-dispersible, liquid or pulverous compositions of fat-soluble substances which contain fish gelatin as the protective colloid and a method of making same are described.

Abstract: A process for preparing N4-acyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine derivatives of formula III: ##STR1## by selective deacylation, wherein R is alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aralkyl or aryl,which comprises reacting a compound of formula II, ##STR2## wherein R is as defined above, with a base in an aqueous or inert organic solvent.

Abstract: Novel compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein Q, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are described herein, are disclosed along with pharmaceutical compositions, methods of use, and process for producing compounds of formula I which starts from the corresponding .beta.-hydroxycarboxylic acids.

Abstract: A process for the production of a .beta.-aminoalcohol 2-[3(S)-amino-2(R)-hydroxy-4-phenylbutyl]-N-tert.butyl-decahydro-(4aS,8aS) -isoquinoline-3(S)-carboxamide of the formula ##STR1## via the oxazolidinone corresponding to the aminoalcohol 10, as well as intermediates occurring in this process.

Abstract: A novel process for producing derivatives of the anti-tumor agent N.sup.4 -acyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine using the novel 5'-deoxy-5-fluoro-N.sup.4, 2'-0,3'-0-triacylcytidine derivatives as intermediates is provided.5-Deoxy-1,2,3-tri-0-acyl-.beta.-D-ribofuranoside is reacted with 5-fluorocytosine to produce 5'-deoxy-2',3'-di-0-acyl-5-fluorocytidine, followed by acylation, to produce the novel intermediate 5'-deoxy-5-flouro-N.sup.4,2'-0,3'-0-triacylcytidine. The acyl radicals of this intermediate are selectively de-0-acylated to obtain N.sup.4 -acyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine derivatives. From fluorocytosine, N.sup.4 -acyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine derivatives can be obtained through few steps in high yield, an in satisfactory purity.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein and their pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts inhibit proteases of vital origin and can be used as medicaments for the treatment or prophylaxis of viral infections. They can be manufactured according to generally known procedures.

Abstract: A homogeneous alcohol/aldehyde dehydrogenase isolated from Gluconobacter oxydans DSM 4025 FERM BP-3812 is disclosed. The enzyme is capable in the presence of an electron acceptor, of catalyzing the conversion of L-sorbose to 2-keto-L-gulonic acid via L-sorbosone. The enzyme has a molecular weight of 130,000-140,000 daltons as determined by gel filtration column chromatography, a pyrroloquinoline quinone prosthetic group, an optimum pH for enzyme activity of 7.0 to 9.0, an optimum temperature for enzyme activity from about 20.degree. C. to 40.degree. C. and an isoelectric point of about 4.4. Also disclosed is a process for producing the enzyme and a process for producing aldehydes, carboxylic acids and ketones, especially 2-keto-L-gulonic acid utilizing the enzyme.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is OR.sub.6 or NHR.sub.7, R.sub.6 and R.sub.7, which may be, the same or different, are hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, cycloalkyl having between 3 to 6 carbon atoms or phenyl, R.sub.2 is lower alkyl, lower alkoxy or trifluoromethyl, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 independently, are hydrogen, chlorine, fluorine, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy, and R.sub.5 is lower alkyl or cycloalkyl having between 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and when at least one asymetric carbon is present, enantiomers, and racemates thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.The compounds of formula I and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are useful as bronchopulmonary agents for example in the relief of asthma and allergic reactions.In another aspect, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions, methods of using the compound of formula I and intermediates.

Abstract: It is an object of this invention to provide a human Tumor Necrosis Factor mutein or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof characterized in that the TNF sequence is changed by a deletion, insertion, substitution or combinations thereof, of one or more amino acids so that the mutein shows a significant difference between its binding affinity to the human p75-Tumor-Necrosis-Factor-Receptor and to the human p55-Tumor-Necrosis-Factor-Receptor. The invention also includes DNA sequences coding for such muteins, vectors comprising such DNA sequences, host cells transformed with such vectors and a process for the production of such muteins employing such transformed host cells and pharmaceutical compositions containing such muteins and their use for the treatment of illnesses, for example cancer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a novel process for the production of folic acid in high yield utilizing a novel diimine as an intermediate. This diimine is formed by reacting 2-substituted malondialdehyde with p-aminobenzoyl-L-glutamic acid. This diimine may be converted into folic acid by reacting said diimine with triaminopyrimidinone in the presence of sulphite.

Abstract: Novel shuttle vectors which are useful as shuttle vectors among microorganisms belonging to Escherichia coli, Gluconobacter and Acetobacter comprising one or more marker genes, a replication origin functional in Escherichia coli, a replication origin functional in Gluconobacter oxydans and a Mob site.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein L, M, R, T and X are set forth in the description, as well as hydrates or solvates thereof, which inhibit thrombin-induced platelet aggregation and clotting of fibrinogen in plasma, are described. The compounds of formula I are prepared by amidination or, depending on whether L is NH or O, by amide formation or esterification.