Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for preventing secondary ischemic injury in the brain. The apparatus includes an interstitial brain-cooling probe that is placed into an ischemic region of the brain by stereotaxic surgical technique, and a control console. The control console provides a source of cooling fluid to the interstitial brain-cooling probe, and controls the flow of cooling fluid according to signals received from a temperature sensor mounted on the interstitial brain-cooling probe. The interstitial brain-cooling probe cools an ischemic region of the brain from within the ischemic region, and cooling is substantially limited to the ischemic region. Cooling is provided for a period of time greater than one hour.