Abstract: A bias control system for the radio frequency power amplifiers that includes a current source, a mirror current, and a bias voltage.

Abstract: A normally white twisted nematic liquid crystal display (LCD) includes a liquid crystal layer for twisting at least one normally incident wavelength of visible light when in the off-state. Front and rear orientation layers sandwich the liquid crystal layer therebetween with the front orientation layer causing a front liquid crystal tilt sense direction AF and the rear orientation layer causing a rear liquid crystal tilt sense direction AR different than the direction AF. Rear and front tilted retardation layers are located on opposite sides of said liquid crystal layer. Each of the rear and front tilted retardation layers has an optical axis defining an azimuthal angle &phgr;, and a tilt angle &thgr;, where at least the tilt angle &thgr; varies through the thickness of the layer.