Abstract: One or more datasets of a computer data storage device that participates in a dynamically changing virtual server farm are backed up without involving or affecting operation of servers in the virtual server farm that use the data storage device, and without receiving information about the structure or content of data in the datasets, the topology of the virtual server farm, or the type of server, file system, or operating system in use by the servers. A restore operation provides restored data on an address that is linearly related to and separated from a backup address. Data can be restored to a storage device without interfering with operation of the servers that use the data and without regard to structure or content of the data.

Abstract: A venting apparatus for chemical containers comprises a vent duct having a plurality of vent ports, a flow control mechanism, and a damper. A closure of a chemical container is coupled to one of the vent ports using suitable tubing, and a second coupling connects the chemical container to equipment that uses the contents of the container. A distal end of the vent duct is coupled to an exhaust fan. In this configuration, vapors evaporating from the contents of the chemical are safely exhausted outside a work facility. As a result, a chemical container that normally would be classified as Use-Open under applicable fire codes is converted to Use-Closed, effectively enabling the work facility to substantially increase the volume of chemicals that may be contained or used in the facility under the code, without requiring upgrade of existing facilities to Hazardous Occupancy standards, or building new facilities that qualify as Hazardous Occupancy and that can use Use-Open chemical containers.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for communicating network information among network devices using protocols based on Universal Resource Locators. In one embodiment, an apparatus for retrieving SNMP or video information in a network, or carrying out remote network access, comprises a first URL interface executed by a client; a second URL interface executed by a server having a plurality of stored values; and means distributed among the first URL interface and the second URL interface for creating and storing a URL that includes an identifier of one or more of the stored values, retrieving that value from the server based on the identifier, and transporting the value from the server to the client.

Abstract: A method and system are described that can be used to support content collaboration among a group of participants connected to a network. A participant creates an electronic form specifying the content and a list of network addresses corresponding to other participants in the content collaboration. A server receives the form and includes resources for delivering an electronic mail message associated with an electronic medium associated with the content collaboration. When the participant opens the message, the electronic medium is produced by the server that includes static and dynamic regions. The participant can modify or change the content. The dynamic regions are asynchronously updated in the server and indicate the current content of the electronic medium that can be accessed by other participants. The content may be binary or textual.

Abstract: An electronic medium is described that can be used to communicate information among a group of participants. The electronic medium includes a transport envelope having a plurality of network address. An encoding layer may be contained in the transport envelope to support a plurality of content-types. Each of the plurality of content-types may include a plurality of dynamic and static content. An interface region may be configured in the electronic medium to accept input from at least a user of the electronic medium or from an external source in data communication with the electronic medium. The dynamic content may be dynamically asynchronously updated based on the input from at least the user or the external source.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and method for generation of strategies of investment in publicly traded stocks and a method of choosing the strategy with capital gain greater than traditional buy and hold strategy. The system and method is capable of generating thousands of investment strategies finding the best strategy delivering the optimal capital gain. The visualization method gives investor ability to analysis dynamics and stability of chosen strategy versus time with the speed of animation. Using Ad the system on a PC with 200-300 MZ CPU the user can analyze 20-40 different views for 5-10 seconds, which otherwise with the traditional technique takes more then 10,000 plots.

Abstract: A system is described that can be used to communicate information among a group of participants. A participant may create an electronic form specifying a list of network addresses corresponding to other participants intended to receive the communication. A server receives the form and delivers a message associated with an electronic medium. When the participant opens the message, the electronic medium is produced by the server and includes static and dynamic content. The participant can add content to the dynamic content. The dynamic content regions can be asynchronously dynamically updated in the server to indicate a then current content of the electronic medium, and can be accessed by other participants in the group.

Abstract: A method and system are described that can be used to support making choices, such as in a schedule, invitation, or poll, among a group of participants connected to a network. A participant creates an electronic form specifying the subject matter of a choice topic and a list of network addresses corresponding to other choosing participants. A server receives the form and includes resources for delivering an electronic mail message associated with an electronic medium providing various choices. When the participant opens the message, an electronic medium is produced by the server that includes static and dynamic regions. The participant can input a choice using an interaction region. The dynamic regions are asynchronously updated in the server and indicate the current content of the electronic medium that can be accessed by other participants in the group.

Abstract: Method and systems are described which can be used to track and manage the states of electronic media in a communications network. The electronic medium can be restored, archived, and used to create new electronic media. Moreover, the electronic medium can be superseded and deleted. Additionally, notification processes can be used to prioritize and emphasize certain portions of the electronic medium. Access to the electronic medium may also be blocked or limited to certain recipients of the medium.

Abstract: A mechanism for performing a disconnect policy involving authorizing a data communication session between a client and a first server is disclosed. The mechanism provides a failover scheme in which local servers record the number of active sessions that they have authorized for a particular user entity. Each user entity is assigned an authoritative server. The authoritative servers maintain global session information for each user entity in which they are assigned. When a local server cannot authorize a session for a particular user entity the local server communicates with the authoritative server to determine whether a session should be established for the user entity. If communication is lost between a local server and an authoritative server, the local server assumes that no other servers have authorized active sessions for the particular user entity. In a similar manner, the authoritative server assumes that the local server has not authorized any active sessions for the particular entity.

Abstract: A mechanism for determining the actual physical topology of network devices in a network is disclosed. To determine a physical topology, a discovery mechanism determines a set of network addresses for identifying devices within a network. Based on the set of network addresses, the discovery mechanism identifies a group of devices that are associated with the network. Layer 2 and Layer 3 configuration information is gathered from the group of devices to identify possible neighboring devices within the network. The configuration information is then processed to generate topology information that identifies true neighboring devices and the actual links that exist between each of the neighboring devices. The mechanism eliminates misleading information and prevents generation of incorrect topologies.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for notifying a first network node that a second network node has gone off-line during a communication session is disclosed. The first network node may be a client and the second network node may be a server. The client and the server communicate using an embedded protocol, such as telnet. The protocol defines a login process that must be used by the client to establish a logical connection to the server. The protocol also specifies that the server must immediately issue a response to a login attempt, by either establishing a connection or issuing an error message. The first network node determines that no communications have been received from the second server in a pre-determined period of time. The first network node generates invalid login information, such as a randomly generated invalid user id and an invalid password. A login command is sent from the first network node to the second network node. The login command includes the previously generated invalid login information.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for interconnecting a circuit-switched telephone network and a packet-switched data network for communication among them. A signaling trunk of a circuit-switched telephone network is coupled to a signaling access server that is also coupled to a signaling, management and control network. One or more voice trunks of the telephone network are coupled to one or more network access servers, which are also coupled to the control network to thereby receive instructions from the signaling access server. The network access servers are also coupled to a packet-switched data network, such as the global packet-switched network known as Internet. The signaling access server can receive call setup messages and other messages in standard telephone network protocol formats and convert them into call setup messages in a special protocol for communications between the signaling access server and the network access servers.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for recognizing and processing conflicts in policies that govern a policy-based system. The method and apparatus may be implemented as a policy verifier that acts upon one or more policies. Each policy is formally defined and comprises a condition and a consequent, each of which are further formally defined in terms of component elements. A conflict among two or more policies is formally defined to occur when the condition of a first policy and the condition of a second policy may be simultaneously true, and when the consequent of the first policy and the consequent of the second policy may not be carried out simultaneously. When a policy conflict is detected, the conflict is resolved by bringing it to the attention of a user or external system, and receiving information that corrects one of the policies or specifies a precedence relationship among the policies.

Abstract: The invention provides a system for collecting, exporting and using data relating to message flows responsive to message flow patterns in a flow switching network. A router collects and aggregates flow information using a variety of criteria, including (1) ranges of addresses for source and destination, (2) information about packets in the flow, including number and frequency of packets in the flow, size of packets in the flow (total size and distribution), (3) protocol used for the flow, including for example whether the flow uses electronic mail protocol, file transfer protocol, hypertext transfer protocol, real-time audiovisual data transmission protocol, or some other protocol, (4) other administrative criteria which may be pertinent to the flow, including for example initiation time or duration of the flow, and (5) possible aggregations or combinations of these criteria. The router provides the aggregated information to one or more filters at an output port.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for managing data communications is provided. A circularly arranged set of buckets is disposed between input buffers and output buffers in a networked computer system. Connections among the system and clients are stored in the buckets. Each bucket in the set is successively examined, and each connection in the bucket is polled. During polling, the amount of information that has accumulated in a buffer associated with the connection since the last poll is determined. Based the amount, a period value associated with the connection is adjusted. The connection is then stored in a different bucket that is generally identified by the sum of the current bucket number and the period value. Polling continues with the next connection and the next bucket. In this way, the elapsed time between successive polls of a connection automatically adjusts to the actual operating bandwidth or data communication speed of the connection.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing notification to a client that an access server is on-line during a communication session is disclosed. The client and the access server execute an embedded protocol, such as telnet, to define the communication session. The protocol defines a negotiation-style communication session in which a client issues a request and a server must issue a mandatory acknowledgment that identifies how the request is handled. A command option is sent from the client to the access server, wherein the option is an invalid telnet option. The access server responds, indicating that the option is invalid. The access server's response provides a positive indication to the client that the access server is on-line. The process can be repeated frequently without requiring any significant system resources.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for verifying policies that govern a policy-based system. The method and apparatus may be implemented as a policy verifier that acts upon one or more policies. Each policy comprises a condition and a consequent. The policy verifier acquires configuration information about the system under management, thereby acquiring an understanding of the system. The policy verifier determines whether all the policies can be satisfied by the system, and if not, reports problems or errors in the policies that cause the policies to be non-satisfiable. The policy verifier determines whether all the policies are feasible for the system, and if not, reports problems or errors that cause the policies to be non-feasible. The policy verifier also verifies that a configuration required by a particular policy consequent can be actually carried out by the managed system. In one embodiment, the policy verifier operates on network management policies, of a policy-based network management system.

Abstract: Mechanisms for establishing and viewing groups of devices within a network of devices are disclosed. A filter mechanism is coupled to a database of information about devices in a network having multiple network devices such as switches and routers. The database stores a filter metadata table that describes criteria by which the information in the database can be filtered to establish groups of the devices. The filter metadata drives the presentation of a filter dialog that provides a set of filters and filter criteria that can be selected by a user. The filter mechanism receives a set of user-entered criteria, selected from among the filter criteria, that define a group of the devices. The filter mechanism constructs a Boolean query to the database based upon the user-entered criteria. The database provides a dynamic view of network devices that meet the user-entered criteria.

Abstract: An apparatus for washing and recovering a contaminant from an object. A washing agent flows over the object, and the washing agent and contaminant are received in a basin. A slurry of the washing agent and contaminant are circulated through at least one separator and one filter to produce a cleaned slurry flow. The cleaned slurry flow is recirculated into the basin. A first pump which is used to flow the washing agent over the object has a supply port and a pressurized output port. A pressurized fluid supply is coupled to a variable regulator with a variable pressure output. A second pump driven by the variable pressure output impels the washing agent into the supply port of the first pump.