Abstract: An ultra fast photodissociation system includes a water acidifier, a water vaporizer, and a photolysis cell. The water acidifier is connected in fluid communication with a water supply, and is operable to acidify the supplied water to produce acidic water. The water vaporizer is connected in fluid communication with the water acidifier to receive the acidic water, and is configured to convert the received acidic water into acidic water vapor. The photolysis cell is connected in steam communication with the water vaporizer to receive the acidic water vapor, and is operable to dissociate the acidic water vapor into H2 and O2 gas.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting a molecular event in a test sample using a resonant test structure is presented. The method includes providing a resonant test structure having a resonant response associated therewith. Next, a first resonant response of the resonant test structure is obtained when the resonant test structure is electromagnetically coupled to a reference sample, the reference sample having a known composition. A second resonant response is also obtained when the resonant test structure is electromagnetically coupled to the test sample, the test sample having an unknown composition. Subsequently, one or more first electrical parameters, such as the q-factor of the resonator, are derived from the first resonant response. One or more second electrical parameters are similarly derived from the second resonant response. The similarity or difference between the first and second electrical parameters are analyzed to determine the presence or absence of the molecular event in the test sample.

Abstract: Systems and methods for detecting molecular binding events and other environmental effects using the unique dielectric properties of the bound molecular structure or structures are presented. A molecular binding layer is coupled along the surface of a signal path. A test signal is propagated along the signal path, whereby the test signal couples to the molecular binding layer, and in response, exhibits a signal response.

Abstract: Systems and methods are presented for detecting molecular binding events and other environmental effects using the unique dielectric properties of the bound molecular structure or structures. A molecular binding region is coupled along the surface of a signal path. A test signal is propagated along the signal path, whereby the test signal couples to the molecular binding region, and in response, exhibits a signal response.

Abstract: Systems and methods for detecting molecular binding events and other environmental effects using the unique dielectric properties of the bound molecular structure or structures are presented. A molecular binding layer is coupled along the surface of a signal path. A test signal is propagated along the signal path, whereby the test signal couples to the molecular binding layer, and in response, exhibits a signal response.

Abstract: Systems and methods are presented for detecting molecular binding events and other environmental effects using the unique dielectric properties of the bound molecular structure or structures. A molecular binding region is coupled along the surface of a signal path. A test signal is propagated along the signal path, whereby the test signal couples to the molecular binding region, and in response, exhibits a signal response.

Abstract: The present invention provides a variety of methods of analyzing protein binding events using a system capable of directly detecting protein/ligand complexes based upon the dielectric properties of the complex. The system can be used in a variety of analyses involving protein binding events, such as screening ligand libraries, characterizing protein binding interactions, and identifying ligands. The system can also be utilized in diverse analytical and diagnostic applications.

Abstract: The present invention provides a variety of methods for conducting analyses of nucleic acids using a detection system which is sensitive to the unique dielectric properties of different hybridization complexes and which can distinguish between different hybridization complexes directly without the use of labels. Methods using the system to perform sequence checking, expression analysis, de novo sequencing and a variety of other nucleic acid analyses are provided.