Abstract: According to the invention there is provided a method of reducing microbial levels in the interior of a building, including vaporizing an anti-microbial essential oil to produce vaporized anti-microbial essential oil, entraining the vaporized anti-microbial essential oil in an air stream, and directing the air stream into the air ducts of the building and then into an interior air supply of the building.

Abstract: This application discloses an apparatus for scarifying the interior surface of a sewer pipe, which can remain in the sewer under active flow conditions. The apparatus includes at least one scarifying head, which may transverse back and forth along a rail assembly, which is configured to match the circumferential shape of the sewer pipe. The scarifying head includes a nozzle assembly and driving assembly. The nozzle assembly, located at the outer end of the scarifying head has nozzles. The nozzles emit jets of water under pressure to clean or scarify the interior surface of the pipe.

Abstract: Gridded I/O pads for flip-chip packages in which a coaxial-like solder bump pad configuration is used in which the I/O pads closest to the signal or bump pad are power or ground pads. The ground pads surrounding the signal pad form a coaxial-like pad configuration for impedance matching at the transition from die to package substrate. The ground pads surrounding the signal pad may be connected by a metal trace to form a ground pad ring. The invention employs conductor-backed ground coplanar waveguides (GCPW), which match impedance at connections between I/O cells and signal pads to enhance signal transmission, avoid reflection and leakage, and provide superior electromagnetic shielding. The present invention also supports high quantities of I/Os for a given die size, and supports flexible power and ground placement.

Abstract: A method of treating a coal combustion flue gas, which includes injecting a molecular halogen or thermolabile molecular halogen precursor, such as calcium hypochlorite, able to decompose to form molecular halogen at flue gas temperature. The molecular halogen converts elemental mercury to mercuric halide, which is adsorbable by alkaline solids such as subbituminous or lignite coal ash, alkali fused bituminous coal ash, and dry flue gas desulphurization solids, capturable in whole or part by electrostatic precipitators (ESPs), baghouses (BHs), and fabric filters (FFs), with or without subsequent adsorption by a liquid such as a flue gas desulphurization scrubbing liquor.

Abstract: In a three-phase DC-to-AC inverter including, for driving each leg of the load, a controlled power driver such a pulse-width modulated field-effect transistor (FET) or insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) pair, an estimator for estimating the current in each leg of the load. A low-resistance leg resistor is connected in series in the lower leg of each transistor pair. The voltages across the leg resistors are applied to two differential amplifiers to generate two discrete voltage difference values that are transmitted to an estimator. The estimator solves specified differential equations using suitably interconnected combiners, integrators, amplifiers and multipliers, or discrete digital equivalent or programmed computer equivalent, to derive a value for the estimated current in each leg of the load.

Abstract: The present invention is a lightweight collapsible hand saw for use when camping, hiking or otherwise. The saw breaks down and can be consolidated into a single tubular shape, with all of the components fitting inside the tube. In the functional configuration, a triangular saw may be constructed out of two tubular members having different diameters, a saw blade and a tightening element. Alternatively, both a triangular saw and a buck saw may be constructed out of three tubular members having different diameters, a saw blade and a tightening element. The tubular members form the frame of the saw and contain slots for inserting the saw blade. The tightening element is provided to give the saw the necessary rigidity and impart the necessary tension on the blade. In addition, the apparatus can be used to form a campfire cooking utensil with a number of accessorising elements.