Abstract: Zinc-bromine battery with recirculating electrolyte and multi-cell array, with predominant concentration of the bromine in the array at all stages of battery cycling; an array of bipolar electrode assemblies (16) with anode (26A) and cathode (26C) faces, including in each such assembly a chamber of unbound--but well contacted (electrically)--charcoal (C) stored at the cathode face and means for controlling zinc plating and deplating at the anode face; and with provision of surface area enhancement at the anode and cathode faces; electrolyte flow, pH and recirculation controls inherent in the construction, all comprising an anti-degradation combination generally.