Abstract: A surface-emission laser diode comprises a cavity region over a semiconductor substrate and includes an active layer containing at least one quantum well active layer producing a laser light and a barrier layer, a spacer layer is provided in the vicinity of the active layer and formed of at least one material, an upper and lower reflectors are provided at a top part and a bottom part of the cavity region, the cavity region and the upper and lower reflectors form a mesa structure over the semiconductor substrate, the upper and lower reflectors being formed of a semiconductor distributed Bragg reflector having a periodic change of refractive index and reflecting incident light by interference of optical waves, at least a part of the semiconductor distributed Bragg reflector is formed of a layer of small refractive index of AlxGa1-xAs (0<x?1) and a layer of large refractive index of AlyGa1-yAs (0?y<x?1), the lower reflector is formed of a first lower reflector having a low-refractive index layer of AlAs an

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes a storing unit configured to store a past history storing table for storing information indicating operations performed on one or more electronic files.

Abstract: A double chamber single directional spiral tuyere for blast furnaces is disclosed. The tuyere includes a body unit, a spiral unit and a cover unit, with a body chamber having a body nose passage and a body main passage defined in the body unit, and a nose chamber having first, second, third and fourth spiral passages defined in both the spiral unit and the cover unit. The tuyere further includes a tunnel, which is formed in the spiral unit and the cover unit and connects a cooling water inlet to the first spiral passage. Thus, efficient circulation of cooling water and maximum cooling performance can be provided.

Abstract: A multi-chip semiconductor device includes a substrate, a first semiconductor chip, a second semiconductor chip, and a plastic mold. The first semiconductor chip has a function for executing a predetermined electrical operation and is installed on the substrate. The second semiconductor chip is installed on the first semiconductor chip and is configured to integrate a power circuit to receive an external power supply and to supply an electric power to the first semiconductor chip based on the external power supply. The plastic mold seals together the first and second semiconductor chips on the substrate.

Abstract: A radio data communication apparatus includes first antennas, modulation circuits, an oscillating circuit, a switch circuit, a memory, and a control circuit. The first antennas perform a one-to-one radio communication with second antennas of IC tags having different communication frequencies. The one-to-one radio communication is carried out based on a resonance frequency uniquely assigned to each one of combinations between the first antennas and the second antennas. The memory stores communication information of each IC tag, including an assigned resonance frequency. The control circuit reads a resonance frequency assigned to a second antenna belonging to a target IC tag, generates the control signal such that the switch circuit selects a specific carrier wave having a frequency substantially equal to the resonance frequency read from the memory, and transmits the specific carrier wave and data to be transmitted in synchronism with each other to a corresponding modulating circuit.

Abstract: An apparatus for printing color inkjet images includes an image processing unit which processes source color data to generate output color data together with a signal indicative of an order of ink squirts in which a plurality of inks of respective colors are squirted onto a given pixel, and an inkjet print unit which is configured to squirt the plurality of inks in different orders of ink squirts, and prints color images based on the output color data by squirting the inks in the order of ink squirts indicated by the signal.

Abstract: This invention provides an isolated nucleic acid molecule which encodes Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus (KSHV) polypeptides. This invention provides an isolated polypeptide molecule of KSHV. This invention provides an antibody specific to the polypeptide. Antisense and triplex oligonucleotide molecules are also provided. This invention provides a vaccine for Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS). This invention provides methods of vaccination, prophylaxis, diagnosis and treatment of a subject with KS and of detecting expression of a DNA virus associated with Kaposi's sarcoma in a cell.