Abstract: A method and system for treating dysphagia using electrical stimulation of a human's or animals's vagus nerve, or recurrent laryngeal nerve, or both to cause glottic or vocal fold motion in humans or animals. Stimulation is caused by utilizing a power source; an external controller for generating and providing an output signal having a given intensity, frequency, and pulse duration; an output protector circuit for limiting the intensity of the output signal; a treatment duration circuit for controlling the duration of operation of the external controller, a ramp control circuit for controlling the intensity of the output signal; and a monitor portion for displaying operating parameters of the device. The external controller regulates the intensity, the frequency, and the pulse duration of the output signal in accordance with a procedure for treating dysphagia.

Abstract: A low-cost satellite system and method for using it for continuously monitoring near space and providing real-time data, both astronomical and space-environmental, is described and claimed. Low cost is achieved by disposing outwardly facing active and passive detection means aboard telecommunications and other satellites, and providing data from such means to subscribers. The system and method enable practical means to monitor space for approaching foreign bodies, providing high quality information for e.g., underfunded educational institutions while making enhanced use of geostationary orbits, a scarce resource, among other benefits.