Abstract: The systems of the invention form improved reflection and transmission holograms utilizing two beams and eliminating all of the higher energy spurious holographic recordings that are caused by reflections of rays from the outer surfaces of the cover plates. The systems provide movement of the cover plate or movement of the substrate and recording medium during the recording period to prevent formation of the spurious recordings. In some arrangements of the invention, global phase shifters are utilized to maintain the phase of the primary rays forming the desired hologram at a high level.

Abstract: The hologram forming systems of the invention form diffusion type holograms in which undesired spurious transmission hologram recordings are eliminated. The reflecting surfaces are moved during the recording process so that the reflected rays change in phase relative to the primary recording beams and spurious holograms cannot be recorded with sufficient intensity to form undesired reflections in the developed hologram. Thus, pictorial type holograms such as jewelry holograms or art holograms do not present undesired ghost images or flare patterns to the viewer. The concepts of the invention also include formation of diffusion type holograms for high gain directional viewing screens.

Abstract: A display holder to assist in the selection of mats and frames for a picture. The picture is placed on a flat mounting board. Mat corners are properly positioned at the corners of the picture by being received in step-like offsets formed in ledges extending along corners of the mounting board. Frame corners fit over the top of the ledges. Clamps secure the mat corners and picture in position. The mounting board is formed in two telescoping sections or in two sections slidably mounted on a base by dovetail connections to permit adjustment of the longitudinal dimension of the mounting board.

Abstract: The disclosed spare tire hanger comprises a main member for holding a spare tire substantially horizontally below a vehicle, which main member has one end thereof swingably secured to the vehicle and a connector secured to a free end thereof, and a holding rod depending from the vehicle and adapted to be disengageably connected to said connector of the main member at lower end thereof, wherein the connector has a portion engageable with a wheel wrench or a like tool.

Abstract: A damper comprises a plurality of armatures between which an elastic block is interposed. A partition plate divides the interior bore of the elastic block into two chambers. The chambers are filled with a working fluid and communicate with each other through an orifice providing a restricted flow communication and also through holes providing an unrestricted flow communication. A valve is provided to close the holes to prevent the unrestricted flow communication.

Abstract: Pesticide compositions are disclosed which contain D-limonene as an insect-killing ingredient along with surfactants or emulsifiers and water. The pesticide compositions are liquids designed for use as a flexible-purpose pesticide concentrate; a dip to rid small animals of fleas and ticks; a spray to kill fleas and ticks on small animals and in the kennels of small animals; a spray to kill flies on small animals and in the kennels of small animals; and a spray or liquid to rid household areas of cockroaches and other insect pests. The composition is non-toxic, non-polluting, biodegradable, non-irritating to animals other than insect pests.

Abstract: The present invention relates to single shot stocks of animal semen to be used for artificial insemination of poultry such as turkeys, hens and guinea fowl, of the kind comprising a tube presenting an opening of relatively small diameter so that the semen introduced therein can be maintained therein by capillarity alone so as to avoid the use of any bung.The object of the invention is to provide a stock of semen of the kind referred to which avoids any risk of waste of material.To this end, the invention provides a stock of the kind comprising a tube made of relatively flexible material presenting an opening for receiving the semen whose diameter is significantly greater than the thickness of the cylindrical wall, one end of the tube terminating in a brim forming by bending the end of the wall within the tube, characterized in that this brim is shaped so that its free edge comes into direct contact with main cylindrical wall of the tube.

Abstract: Scrap automobiles are loaded onto carts which move along rails into a two-stage incinerator. Combustible waste is shredded, dried, and loaded onto a transporter which moves along the rails into the incinerator. The automobiles and combustibles are incinerated and the heat produced is collected. The heat is converted into steam used to power a turbine driven electricity generator. The generated electricity is used to electrolyze water and to operate an electric arc furnace which refines the incinerated metal. Heat from the incinerator is further used to heat waste oil in a cracking tower and to heat fermented organic waste in an alcohol still. The combustion gases are passed through a scrubbing tower where they are cooled and scrubbed with a caustic spray to neutralize acids present and they are passed through a bag house filter to remove particulate matter before they are vented into the atmosphere.