Abstract: Monomethylformamide and dimethylformamide are produced by the catalytic reaction of formamide and methanol, using a quaternary ammonium compound as the catalyst.

Abstract: A process for producing anhydrous sodium cyanide crystals by absorbing hydrogen cyanide synthesis gas that contains oxides of carbon and water in aqueous sodium hydroxide and crystallizing the sodium cyanide solution that results from the absorption. The sodium carbonate that forms in the absorption is not removed prior to crystallization.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved process for preparing highly pure cyclic esters by heating a polymer of the corresponding .alpha.-hydroxy acid or its ester or a copolymer of .alpha.-hydroxy acid or its ester and a thermally stable polyether in the presence of an inert gas at atmospheric pressure. The cyclic ester is carried from the reaction with the inert gas to a solvent system.

Abstract: Methyl isocyanate can be separated in high yields from a gas-phase mixture of the isocyanate and water by sequentially condensing a major portion of the water, absorbing essentially all the remaining water from the mixture, and liquefying the methyl isocyante.

Abstract: A poly-p-phenylamino carboxylate having the following structure: ##STR1## wherein n is greater than 1; R is a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl group; and R.sub.1 and R.sub.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for destroying polynitrophenols or their salts in an aqueous waste by treating with at least two moles of hydrogen peroxide per mole of polynitrophenol in the presence of from 0.002 to 0.7 moles of an iron salt per mole of polynitrophenol. The destruction takes place at a pH lower than 4 and a temperature greater than 65.degree. C.

Abstract: This invention resides in a process for production of predominantly a 1,4-O-metallation product of a hydride of silicon, germanium, or tin with an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carbonyl compound. The reaction involved takes place in the presence of a heterogeneous noncomplexed rhodium-containing catalyst. This invention also resides in 1,4-O-metallation compositions having perfluoroalkyl R groups on either side of the C.dbd.C bond of an enol ether or on the acetal side of the C.dbd.C bond of a ketene acetal.

Abstract: A process for reducing chloronitrobenzenes to the corresponding chloroanilines using a combination ruthenium-platinum catalyst is disclosed. The ratio of ruthenium to platinum in the catalyst is from 75:1 to 30:1. The pressure used is from 200 to 800 psi with from 400 to 600 psi being the preferred range. The temperature used is from 70.degree. to 160.degree. C. with from 110.degree. to 150.degree. C. being the preferred range.

Abstract: An aerobic method for in situ treatment of water and soil which has been contaminated with chlorinated hydrocarbons. The aerobic method involves feeding an aqueous solution of an oxygen source and nutrients without the addition of a flammable carbon source such as propane or methane gas to a contaminated area to cause the indigenous microorganisms to grow consuming the contaminants.

Abstract: A corrosion inhibitor for use in liquid hydrocarbon fuels or gasoline oxygenate blends is disclosed. The corrosion inhibitor contains from 35 to 70 wt % of a monoalkenylsuccinic acid wherein the alkenyl group has 8 to 18 carbon atoms, from about 30 to 65 wt % of an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic amine containing 2 to 12 carbon atoms and up to 50 wt % of total solvents consisting of aromatic hydrocarbons and alcohols of 1 to 4 carbons per molecule.The corrosion inhibitor can also be used in inhibited alcohol compositions such as those used in gasoline oxygenate blends.

Abstract: A process for making highly pure cyclic esters by heating a copolymer of .alpha.-hydroxy acid or its ester on a thermally stable polyether core.

Abstract: This invention relates to a composition and method of temporarily reducing the permeability of subterranean formations penetrated by a wellbore. In particular, it relates to an inexpensive, low molecular weight condensation product of hydroxy acetic acid with itself or compounds containing other hydroxy-, carboxylic-acid-, or hydroxycarboxylic-acid moieties and method for preventing fluid loss during well treatment.

Abstract: A process for destroying nitrated aromatics, e.g., the nitrophenol byproducts produced in the nitration of benzene to dinitrobenzene, is disclosed. The process involves treatment of an aqueous solution of the nitrated aromatics with iron and hydrochloric acid with or without ferric chloride using 0.2 to 7 molecular equivalents of finely divided iron based on the organic nitro groups present. The reaction is carried out at 0.degree. to 100.degree. C. and pH 1.5-3.

Abstract: Methyl isocyanate can be separated in high yields from a gas-phase mixture of the isocyanate and water by sequentially condensing a major portion of the water, adsorbing essentially all the remaining water from the mixture, and liquefying the methyl isocyanate.

Abstract: Water is fed together with formamide in vapor form in the production of isocyanates by silver-catalyzed oxidative dehydrogenation of formamides.

Abstract: The invention is an improvement to the cyclic anthraquinone process for making hydrogen peroxide comprising the addition of catalytically effective amounts of an additive to reoxidize inert quinone-degradation species to useful quinones. The additive comprises aromatic tertiary amines having an aqueous pK.sub.a value of about 4 to 9 and the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are the same or different alkyl groups containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A solid, water impervious landfillable composition of a process for treating iron chloride wastes such as those obtained when chlorinating titanium ore is disclosed. The process involves reacting the iron chlorides with limestone in molten CaCl.sub.2.xH.sub.2 O, where x equals 3-6. The composition comprises CaCl.sub.2.xH.sub.2 O where x is from 3-6 and FeO.sub.Y where Y is from 1.0-1.5 and the weight ratio of CaCl.sub.2.xH.sub.2 O (calculated as CaCl.sub.2.2H.sub.2 O)/FeO.sub.Y is from 1/9-4/1.