Abstract: A fuel tank cap structure with reduced casing body weight and improved dimensional accuracy is disclosed. The casing body of the fuel tank cap has a valve chamber, in which a positive pressure valve and a negative pressure valve are received. The casing body includes an outer tubular body and a valve chamber-forming member located inside the outer tubular body. The outer tubular body is joined with the valve chamber-forming member via a horizontal joint member and vertical horizontal members, which are arranged in a hollow portion.

Abstract: A fuel tank cap which enables static electricity to be discharged quickly and stably when the user manually touches a fuel tank cap to open or close the cap. The fuel tank cap has a casing body and a cover member with four discharge projections for discharging static electricity to a filler neck of a fuel tank. The four discharge projections are arranged in a third radial direction that has an angle of 45 degrees with respect to both a first radial direction and a second radial direction. The first radial direction, in which a handle member of the cover member is arranged, gives the maximum contraction of the cover member, whereas the second radial direction gives the minimum contraction of the cover member. The four discharge projections are arranged on a circle about the center of the cover member to reduce the effect of resin contraction.

Abstract: A communication system utilizes an external signal of high accuracy to maintain a good degree of accuracy of synchronization of base sites. A good example of such a signal is the signal transmitted by the global positioning system (GPS) or, a high accuracy PCM (pulse code modulation) or other high accuracy signal provided by a terrestrial transmission network including the base sites. When the synchronization to the GPS signal on one or more base sites cannot be achieved, the communication system employs an alternate synchronization source on those base sites that are missing the synchronization to the GPS signal. The alternate synchronization source is a separate local oscillator of the base site. To achieve the degree of synchronization accuracy provided by the GPS signal, the communication system learns the behavior of each and every local oscillator. This characterization is performed on each base site, and is done by utilizing the GPS signal when the GPS signal is present.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting denaturation of a nucleic acid, including: denaturation condition controlling element for controlling condition of denaturation under which a double-strand nucleic acid is separated into a first single-strand nucleic acid and a second single-strand nucleic acid; excitation light irradiation source for irradiating the double-strand nucleic acid before denaturation, and the first single-strand nucleic acid and second single-strand nucleic acid after the denaturation; fluorescence detection monitor for detecting fluorescence emission based on the excitation light irradiation; and processing element for receiving, storing and processing a signal supplied from the fluorescence detection monitor.