Abstract: A method for preparing blends of a copolymer in a polymerization process by sequentially charging: (1) an initiator and monovinylaromatic monomer in the presence of a randomizer; (2) an initiator and monovinylaromatic monomer; (3) a mixture of monovinylaromatic and conjugated diene monomers; (4) a mixture of monovinylaromatic and conjuated diene monomers; (5) conjugated diene monomer; and (6) a coupling agent; and the polymodal tapered block copolymers prepared thereby. The copolymers are particularly useful neat or in blends for applications such as packaging and food or drink containers which require transparency and good environmental stress crack resistance.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 28, 1995
Date of Patent:
December 24, 1996
Assignee:
Phillips Petroleum Company
Inventors:
George A. Moczygemba, Nancy R. Knight, William J. Trepka, Nathan E. Stacy
Abstract: A method for preparing tapered block copolymers which are particularly useful for blend components in blends with polymers of styrene. In the first embodiment of this invention the copolymers are prepared in a polymerization process by sequentially charging: (1) an initiator and monovinylaromatic monomers in the presence of a randomizer; (2) an initiator and monovinylaromatic monomers; (3) a mixture of monovinylaromatic and conjugated diene monomers; and (4) a coupling agent; to produce a polymodal tapered block copolymer. In a second embodiment of the Invention tapered block copolymers are prepared in a polymerization process by sequentially charging: (1) an initiator and monovinylaromatic monomers in the presence of a randomizer; (2) an initiator and monovinylaromatic monomers; (3) a mixture of monovinylaromatic and conjugated diene monomers; (4) a mixture of monovinylaromatic and conjugated diene monomers; and (5) a coupling agent; to produce a polymodal tapered block copolymer.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 7, 1995
Date of Patent:
August 13, 1996
Assignee:
Phillips Petroleum Company
Inventors:
William J. Trepka, George A. Moczygemba, Nathan E. Stacy, Ralph C. Farrar, Jr.
Abstract: A process for polymerizing olefins with a catalyst system which comprises contacting a ribbon-like clay selected from the group consisting of sepiolites with a chromium solution. Preparation of said chromium solution comprises the steps offa) dissolving a chromium salt and a base in water by heating solution at a temperature in the range of about 20.degree. C. to about 100.degree. C. thereby producing a first chromium solution having a pH in the range of about 1.5 to 2.5;b) diluting said first chromium solution with water so as to produce a second chromium solution wherein first chromium solution is diluted such that the ratio of added water to first chromium solution is in the range of about 5 ml H.sub.2 O to about 10 mls H.sub.2 O to per ml first solution, and thereafter heating said second chromium solution at a temperature in the range of about 60.degree. C. to about 95.degree. C. for a time period in the range of about 60 to about 180 minutes.
Abstract: A method for preparing tapered block copolymers in a polymerization process by sequentially charging: (1) an initiator and monovinylaromatic monomer in the presence of a randomizer; (2) an initiator and monovinylaromatic monomer; (3) a mixture of monovinylaromatic and conjugated diene monomers; (4) a mixture of monovinylaromatic and conjugated diene monomers; (5) conjugated diene monomer; and (6) a coupling agent; and the polymodal tapered block copolymers prepared thereby. The copolymers are particularly useful neat or in blends for applications such as packaging and food or drink containers which require transparency and good environmental stress crack resistance.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 2, 1993
Date of Patent:
March 21, 1995
Assignee:
Phillips Petroleum Company
Inventors:
George A. Moczygemba, Nancy R. Knight, William J. Trepka, Nathan E. Stacy
Abstract: A process for preparing pillared chromium ribbon-like silicate clay .alpha.-olefin catalysts is disclosed which comprises contacting a ribbon-like clay selected from the group consisting of sepiolites with a chromium solution. Preparation of said chromium solution comprises the steps of:a) dissolving a chromium salt and a base in water by heating solution at a temperature in the range of about 20.degree. C. to about 100.degree. C. thereby producing a first chromium solution having a pH in the range of about 1.5 to 2.5;b) diluting said first chromium solution with water so as to produce a second chromium solution wherein first chromium solution is diluted such that the ratio of added water to first chromium solution is in the range of about 5 ml H.sub.2 O to about 10 mls H.sub.2 O to per ml first solution, and thereafter heating said second chromium solution at a temperature in the range of about 60.degree. C. to about 95.degree. C.
Abstract: The use of a dextrin as the carbon source for achieving a complete nutrient medium capable of sustaining microbial activity in subterranean formations is disclosed.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
November 4, 1992
Date of Patent:
November 29, 1994
Assignee:
Phillips Petroleum Company
Inventors:
Mary E. Davey, Diane Gevertz, Gary E. Jenneman, Scott T. Kellogg, Willis A. Wood, J. Bennett Clark
Abstract: A novel process for sustaining microbial activity in subterranean formations which comprises introducing in addition to microbial nutrients, a sequestering anion. This process may include the sequential injection of sources of individual nutrient components which are deficient in said subterranean formation, whereby the injected phosphorus source is more readily transportable due to the presence of a sequestering agent in the formation.
Abstract: Novel yeast extracts from Candida utilis which can be used as flavor enhancers and emulsifiers are disclosed. One flavor enhancing extract and one emulsifying extract is derived from raw Candida utilis; one flavor enhancing extract and one emulsifying extract is derived from pasteurized Candida utilis.
Abstract: The present invention provides a process for sustaining microbial activity in subterranean formations which comprises introducing as a microbial nutrient, an organic phosphate, This process may include the sequential injection of sources of individual nutrient components which are deficient in said subterranean formation, whereby the injected phosphorus source is an organic phosphate.
Abstract: The present invention provides a process for injecting microbial nutrients into a subterranean formation wherein microorganism are provided a phosphorus nutrient source, and said phosphorus nutrient source into said formation under acid conditions.
Abstract: A novel process for sustaining microbial activity in subterranean formations which comprises introducing as a microbial nutrient, a scale inhibitor. This process may include the sequential injection of sources of individual nutrient components which are deficient in said subterranean formation, whereby the injected phosphorus source is selected from the group consisting of an organic phosphate and an organic phosphonate.
Abstract: A novel process for sustaining microbial activity in subterranean formations which comprises introducing as a microbial nutrient, a phosphite salt. This process may include the sequential injection of sources of individual nutrient components which are deficient in said subterranean formation, whereby the injected phosphorus source is selected from the group consisting of a phosphite salt and a phosphorous acid.