Abstract: Heavy oil fraction of pyrolysis oil vapors containing concentrated contaminants is coked on retorted fine solids contained in a coking zone separate from a retorting vessel characterized by the presence of an inert stripping gas of a rate sufficient to lower the dew point of the pyrolysis oil.

Abstract: A spherical catalyst for hydroprocessing hydrocarbonaceous feedstocks. The catalyst consists of an inner region having less than 5% of its port volume contributed by macropores and having between 5 and 30 weight percent total catalytic metals, and an outer region characterized by having more than 10% of its pore volume contributed by macropores and having between 1 and 15 weight percent catalytic metals. A method of preparation of the catalyst is also disclosed.

Abstract: The steam content and pressure of a recycled steam/hydrocarbon gas mixture in an oil shale retorting process is raised by high quality makeup steam producing a retort stripping gas of high efficiency (high oil yield) with minimal water consumption.

Abstract: Superheated steam generated by passing wet steam through a superheater containing a fluidized or partially fluidized bed of hot particulate solids recovered from a retorting process especially useful in a process for recovering hydrocarbon vapors from a hydrocarbonaceous solid such as oil shale.

Abstract: Shaped catalysts useful for hydroprocessing hydrocarbon feedstocks. The catalysts are shaped as oval extrudates and having at least one ridge. The particles can be circumscribed by rectangles having two dimensions, a first dimension between 0.085 inch and 0.125 inch and a second dimension between 0.065 inch and 0.10 inch.

Abstract: Heat is recovered from a hot particulate solid by passing the solid through a heat recovery zone having a countercurrent flow of gas and internal means for controlling backmixing and residence times, said internal means also containing a circulating heat transfer fluid.

Abstract: The heavy oil fraction of pyrolysis oil vapors containing concentrated contaminants is coked on hot heat transfer material. The coke-containing heat transfer material is then mixed with raw feed in a retorting vessel provided with an inert stripping gas of a velocity sufficient to lower the dew point of the pyrolysis oil.

Abstract: A process for hydroprocessing a hydrocarbonaceous feedstock containing constituents boiling above 350.degree. C. comprises contacting said feedstock with hydrogen under hydroprocessing conditions with a catalyst composition comprising a rigidly interconnected pack containing inorganic matrix oxide and about 10-95% fluid catalytic cracking catalyst microspheroids, based upon the total weight of said matrix oxide and said microspheroids, said pack characterized by a pore volume of at least 0.15 cc. per cc., at least about 30% of said pore volume present as pores having diameters within the range of 50-250 Angstroms and at least about 5% of said pore volume present as pores having diameters greater than 1,000 Angstroms.

Abstract: The method of making a catalyst comprising alumina with GP VI and VIII components wherein the method comprises peptizing an alumina powder with an aqueous acid solution of a group VIII metal salt, neutralizing the peptized alumina/group VIII metal with an aqueous solution of a nitrogen-containing base with a dissolved group VI metal salt therein, extruding, drying, and calcining the catalytic particles.