Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition being an aqueous dispersion of a polyurethane in water, said composition comprising water and the reaction product of (a) a water-dispersible isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymer having an NCO content of between 2.1 and 10% by weight, (b) an organic polyisocyanate adduct mixture comprising a polyisocyanate dimer and a polyisocyanate trimer and having an average isocyanate functionality of between 2.1 and 4.0, and (c) an amine chain extender having a specified ratio of NH2 relative to the NCO index of the polyisocyanate adduct mixture. Also disclosed is a process for preparing this composition, and a method for coating a substrate with the composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition being an aqueous dispersion of a polyurethane in water, said composition comprising water and the reaction product of (a) a water-dispersible isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymer having an NCO content of between 2.1 and 10% by weight, (b) an organic polyisocyanate adduct mixture comprising a polyisocyanate dimer and a polyisocyanate trimer and having an average isocyanate functionality of between 2.1 and 4.0, and (c) an active hydrogen-containing chain extender. Also disclosed is a process for preparing this composition, and a method for coating a substrate with the composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition being an aqueous dispersion of a polyurethane in water, said composition comprising water and the reaction product of (a) a water-dispersible isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymer having an NCO content of between 2.1 and 10% by weight, (b) an organic polyisocyanate adduct mixture comprising a polyisocyanate dimer and a polyisocyanate trimer and having an average isocyanate functionality of between 2.1 and 4.0, and (c) an active hydrogen-containing chain extender. Also disclosed is a process for preparing this composition, and a method for coating a substrate with the composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for coating a substrate which comprises (a) contacting said substrate with a low volatility organic (so-called "low VOC") coating composition having a viscosity as measured by ZAHN cup 2 of less than about 200 seconds and consisting essentially of at least one polyisocyanate, a solvent in an amount of between 0% and 45% by weight based upon the amount of said polyisocyanate in said composition, and an trimerization catalyst, said composition being essentially free of any volatile mono- and di-isocyanates, to form a coating on said substrate, and (b) heating said coating to a curing temperature of between 120.degree. F. and 350.degree. F. for a curing time of between about ten minutes and about six hours in order to cure said coating by trimerizing at least some of the isocyanate groups of the polyisocyanate to provide a heat-cured coating on said substrate. Also claimed is the coating composition itself.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for isolating aliphatic isocyanate monomer(s) from a liquid or viscous paste composition comprising polymeric isocyanate residues and the aliphatic isocyanate monomer(s), and for isolating solid polymeric isocyanate residue from said composition. Also disclosed is the aliphatic isocyanate monomer(s) and the solid polymeric isocyanate byproduct produced by this process.

Abstract: A multi-step process for producing DNT employing a mononitration step in a single liquid phase at an elevated temperature using a carefully controlled amount of water, followed by a phase separation step prior to dinitration of the MNT present in the resulting organic phase. This process results in a DNT product with a desired isomer ratio of 2,4-DNT to 2,6-DNT and provide relatively fast nitration rates with less by-products.

Abstract: Disclosed is an aqueous coating composition comprising: (a) water, (b) a base medium, (c) a pyrithione salt, in an amount of from 0.01% to 2.0% based upon the weight of the composition, and (d) zinc oxide compound selected from the many grades suitable for paint manufacture at a concentration of from 0.001% to 10% based upon the weight of the coating composition. Also disclosed is an aqueous antimicrobial coating composition, characterized by antimildew efficacy and protected against discoloration attributable to the presence of pyrithione therein, said composition being selected from the group consisting of water-based paints, adhesives, caulks and sealants, and combinations thereof, said composition comprising water, a pyrithione salt or acid, an organic base medium and a zinc compound, said zinc ion being present in said composition in an amount of from 0.001% to 10% based upon the weight of the coating composition.

Abstract: Disclosed is a radiation-crosslinkable thermoplastic polyurethane composition comprising (a) the reaction product of: (i) an aliphatic polyisocyanate, and (ii) a polyahl, and (b) a reactive monomer cross-linker. The reactive monomer cross-linker facilitates cross-linking of the reaction product upon contact of the cross-linker-containing composition with photons from a radiation source. Also disclosed is a process for converting this thermoplastic polyurethane into a thermoset polyurethane by irradiating the thermoplastic polyurethane with a beam of photons.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for inhibiting the formation of discoloration in an aqueous composition selected from the group consisting of water-based paint, adhesive, caulk and sealant compositions, and combinations thereof, wherein said discoloration is caused by the presence of ferric ion or cupric ion together with pyrithione in said composition. The process comprises contacting the composition with a discoloration-inhibiting amount of a zinc compound selected from the group consisting of zinc salts of organic acids, zinc salts of inorganic acids, zinc hydroxide, zinc oxide, and combinations thereof. Also disclosed is an aqueous antimicrobial composition protected against discoloration attributable to the presence of ferric ion or cupric ion therein.

Abstract: A process for preparing an N-oxide of pyridine or a halopyridine, said process comprising reacting a reaction mixture of said pyridine, or said halopyridine, and hydrogen peroxide in a reaction conducted at an elevated temperature in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a heterogeneous catalyst, said heterogeneous catalyst being insoluble in said reactants, to form said 2-halopyridine-N-oxide or pyridine-N-oxide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the preparation and use of novel polyurethane polyuretidione crosslinking agents in solvent and water borne coatings systems. These polyuretidione polyurethanes are characterized by their relatively low solution viscosity, and the ability to provide a relatively high crosslink density in the final, cured film, and thereby, coatings with the excellent physical properties and resistance to chemical and environmental exposure of known polyurethane systems without the potential for worker exposure to toxic isocyanates. This invention also relates to a process for the production of these polyuretidiones and their use in pseudo-one and two component coating compositions.

Abstract: Disclosed are new coatings compositions based on an HDI isocyanurate or biuret polyisocyanate and a bis(imine) reaction product of a diaminoalkane containing between two and five carbon atoms with an alkyl aldehyde containing between four and seven carbon atoms (advantageously a bis(imine) product of the reaction of 1,4-diaminobutane and isobutyraldehyde). The latter bis(imine) is completely miscible in HDI isocyanurate and biuret polyisocyanates, and, as a reactive diluent, allows the preparation of high performance coatings formulations that require only small amounts of solvents to achieve a conveniently sprayable viscosity.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for removing a light organic compound from a liquid composition comprising said light organic compound in admixture with a nitroaromatic compound, said light organic compound having a partial vapor pressure in said composition that is greater than the partial vapor pressure of said nitroaromatic compound in said composition, said process comprising contacting said composition with steam or a gas to cause at least a portion of said light organic compound to pass out of said composition and into admixture with said steam or gas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the preparation and use of novel polyurethane polyuretidione crosslinking agents in solvent and water borne coatings systems. These polyuretidione polyurethanes are characterized by their relatively low solution viscosity, and the ability to provide a relatively high crosslink density in the final, cured film, and thereby, coatings with the excellent physical properties and resistance to chemical and environmental exposure of known polyurethane systems without the potential for worker exposure to toxic isocyanates. This invention also relates to a process for the production of these polyuretidiones and their use in pseudo-one and two component coating compositions.

Abstract: Reduction of dinitrotoluene impurity in water is achieved by distillation in the presence of nitric acid. A suitable process for such reduction comprises (a) contacting said composition with nitric acid to provide a nitric acid-containing composition, (b) distilling at least a portion of said water in said nitric acid-containing composition to provide vaporized water containing a reduced concentration of said dinitrotoluene, and (c) separating said vaporized water from said nitric acid-containing composition.

Abstract: A composition and a process are disclosed for imparting durable antimicrobial properties to fibrous materials. The composition contains a leveling surfactant and a water-insoluble antimicrobial compound. In one embodiment, simultaneous dyeing and antimicrobial finishing of a fibrous material is achieved using an aqueous dye bath containing the aforesaid composition.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an antimicrobial composition characterized by synergistic antibacterial and antifungal efficacy and comprising a pyrithione salt or pyrithione acid, and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of benzyl and lower alkyl esters of para-hydroxybenzoic acid, salts thereof, carboxylic acids, salts thereof, and combinations thereof. Also disclosed is a method of imparting antimicrobial activity to a composition comprising water or an organic solvent which comprises adding thereto an antimicrobially effective amount of the above-described antimicrobial composition.

Abstract: Disclosed is a stabilized hydroxylammonium nitrate or hydroxylamine-containing composition comprising said hydroxylammonium nitrate or hydroxylamine and a pyridine or pyridone salt, or an acid thereof, said pyridine or pyridone salt, or acid thereof, being present in said composition in an amount of between about 0.0001% and about 2%, based upon the weight of said composition. Also disclosed is a process for preparing this composition.

Abstract: This invention relates to personal care compositions, and, more specifically, to a composition comprising a pyrithione salt or acid, polymyxin antibiotic, and a suitable carrier. The pyrithione plus the polymyxin provide antimicrobial efficacy to the personal care composition. The personal care composition is useful in a variety of dermatological items, such as soaps, shampoos, and skin care medicaments.

Abstract: A system and method for monitoring a volatile species in a liquid in which liquid is fed from its source to a head space chamber. The flow of liquid to the chamber is then halted, the volatile species allowed to escape into the gaseous phase above the liquid, and a carrier gas is caused to flow to the chamber and over the liquid to carry the gaseous phase of the species to a detector while the flow of the liquid to the head space chamber is halted. The liquid may be under pressure at the point in the source from which it is withdrawn into the system and returned to the source at a point also under pressure.