Abstract: A method of monitoring the chalcogenation process in which the chalcogenide semiconductor layer is produced by initially sequentially depositing the two precursor layers of elements A and B and thereafter carrying out a chalcogenizing process with a simultaneous optical process control in which the layer sequence A B is irradiated by light from at least one coherent light source, the light diffusely scattered at the surface is detected and the scattered light signal measured as a function of time is evaluated such that characteristic changes in the layer developing during the chalcogenation are assigned to four characteristic points of the scattered light signal curve.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a BDPD-based method for improving efficiency of RF power amplifier, comprising: first, choose key neural network architecture and scale and input initial values of modeling data and network parameters necessary for establishing the neural network model for RF power amplifier; second, correct network parameters with back propagation method and output the neural network model for RF power amplifier when the error meets the criterion; next, solve the pre-distortion algorithm of the RF power amplifier with said model and then carry out pre-distortion processing for the input with the pre-distortion algorithm and feed the input to the RF power amplifier.

Abstract: Very high aperture microlithography projection objectives operating at the wavelengths of 248 nm, 193 nm and also 157 nm, suitable for optical immersion or near-field operation with aperture values that can exceed 1.4 are made feasible with crystalline lenses and crystalline end plates P of NaCl, KCl, KI, RbI, CsI, and MgO, YAG with refractive indices up to and above 2.0. These crystalline lenses and end plates are placed between the system aperture stop AS and the wafer W, preferably as the last lenses on the image side of the objective.

Abstract: A system, method, and apparatus are directed towards managing a Voice over IP (VOIP) messages over a network, employing the Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) and Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) over the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). The VOIP messages are sent by a source device to a destination device through a relay server. The relay server may throttle the VOIP messages employing buffer management. When the buffer is substantially full, the relay server will drop packets from the source device. Indication of the lost packets may be provided to the source device through a Real-time Transport Control Protocol (RTCP) report. The source device may then employ the RTCP report to modify a type of codec employed, and thereby adjust a rate of flow of VOIP packets sent towards the destination device. Additionally, the relay server may provide port translation services for RTP/RTCP packets between the source and destination devices.

Abstract: A vehicle surroundings monitoring apparatus inputs signals indicative of images from a stereoscopic camera, a vehicle speed, a steering wheel angle and a yaw rate and estimates a traveling path of an own vehicle according to vehicle forward information and traveling conditions of the own vehicle. The apparatus establishes a traveling region A according to this traveling path and further establishes a traveling region B based on at least either of the traveling region A and road information. It is judged whether a detected solid object is a preceding vehicle or a tentative preceding vehicle according to the state of existence of the object in the traveling regions A, B and the preceding vehicle is outputted to a traveling control unit.

Abstract: A plastic lid for a can of the type comprising a tubular body (10) having an upper end (13) for the seating of the lid (20) comprising a sealing portion (21), removably seated on the tubular body (10) and provided with an upper edge (21b), a seal portion (25), to be ruptured upon the first opening of the lid (20), having an upper ring (25b) which is incorporated to a lower skirt (25a), said upper ring (25b) and said lower skirt (25a) being respectively seated onto and around part of the upper end (13), said upper ring (25b) being incorporated through radial bridges (26), to said upper edge (21b), the seal portion (25) presenting an interruption (25c) extending through the width of the upper ring (25b) and through at least part of the height of the lower skirt (25a). The sealing portion (21) incorporates a gripping tab (27) which is manually operable only when part of the seal portion (25) is ruptured.

Abstract: A method for video sharing, which realizes video sharing between an originating UE and a terminating UE when the terminating UE is not IMS core network registered. The method includes the following steps: an originating UE sends a video sharing request containing a URI of callee to an application server; the application server determines that the terminating UE of the callee is not IMS core network registered and notifies the terminating UE to register; the terminating UE activates a GPRS connection and registers with the IMS core network; the originating UE and the registered terminating UE set up a sharing session via the application server; the originating UE and the terminating UE share video information. A system and apparatus for practicing this method is also disclosed.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an antipruritic agent having a novel action mechanism. The present invention provides an antipruritic agent comprising a compound represented by the following general formula (1): wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom or alkyl; the ring Q represents a cyclohexylene group or a phenylene group; A1 and A2 represent a single bond or an alkylene group; E represents —NHCO—; A3 represents a single bond or a divalent saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group; R3 represents a non-cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon group; and R4 and R5 are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or alkyl, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: an image carrier that carries a developer image; a transfer member that transfers the developer image carried on the image carrier onto an image forming surface of a recording medium being conveyed; a fixation member that is disposed downstream of the transfer member in a conveyance direction of the recording medium, and fixes the developer image transferred on the recording medium; a first member that is disposed between the transfer member and the fixation member to face the image forming surface of the recording medium; and a second member that is disposed between the transfer member and the fixation member to face a non-image forming surface that is opposite the image forming surface, wherein the first member is provided with a first electrically-conductive member having an electric conductivity and being grounded.

Abstract: The present invention relates to blocking the activity of IL-TIF polypeptide molecules. IL-TIF is a cytokine involved in inflammatory processes and human disease. The present invention includes anti-IL-TIF antibodies and binding partners, as well as methods for antagonizing IL-TIF using such antibodies and binding partners in IL-TIF-related human inflammatory diseases, amongst other uses disclosed.

Abstract: The invention describes compounds, compositions, and methods of using the same comprising a chemical moiety covalently attached to amphetamine. These compounds and compositions are useful for reducing or preventing abuse and overdose of amphetamine. These compounds and compositions find particular use in providing an abuse-resistant alternative treatment for certain disorders, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), ADD, narcolepsy, and obesity. Oral bioavailability of amphetamine is maintained at therapeutically useful doses. At higher doses bioavailability is substantially reduced, thereby providing a method of reducing oral abuse liability. Further, compounds and compositions of the invention decrease the bioavailability of amphetamine by parenteral routes, such as intravenous or intranasal administration, further limiting their abuse liability.

Abstract: The invention describes compounds, compositions, and methods of using the same comprising a chemical moiety covalently attached to amphetamine. These compounds and compositions are useful for reducing or preventing abuse and overdose of amphetamine. These compounds and compositions find particular use in providing an abuse-resistant alternative treatment for certain disorders, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), ADD, narcolepsy, and obesity. Oral bioavailability of amphetamine is maintained at therapeutically useful doses. At higher doses bioavailability is substantially reduced, thereby providing a method of reducing oral abuse liability. Further, compounds and compositions of the invention decrease the bioavailability of amphetamine by parenteral routes, such as intravenous or intranasal administration, further limiting their abuse liability.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention process a radar image arising from a radar antenna, by reading the reflectivity information associated with each pixel forming the radar image, processing the reflectivity information, pixel by pixel, with the aid of a first procedure. The method further includes a second processing of the radar image using a second procedure that includes extracting objects from the radar image, then calculating the extent and the position of each object, with the aid of an angular aperture between two signals. For each part of the radar image processed by the first procedure, corresponding to an extracted object, pixel within the result of the first procedure are replaced by corresponding pixels of the radar image processed by the second procedure, if the reflectivity value associated with the second pixel is greater than the reflectivity value of the first pixel, the parts of the radar image corresponding to zones situated at a distance greater than a given threshold from the radar antenna.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides drug-cleavable substrate conjugates that are potent cytotoxins. The disclosure is also directed to compositions containing the drug-cleavable substrate conjugates, and to methods of treatment using them.

Abstract: A method for realizing metering pulses in Next Generation Network (NGN), which enables an MGC (media gateway controller) to cooperate with an MG (media gateway), so as to realize the metering pulse service. When it is necessary to initiate the charging, the MGC transmits the metering pulse signal to the MG, and then the MG transmits the first metering pulse to the user equipment immediately, and periodically transmits the subsequent pulses according to the Pulse Count and Pulse Interval specified by the signal parameter.

Abstract: A rail-to-rail amplifier is provided. The rail-to-rail amplifier includes a p-type differential pair, an n-type differential pair, switches, and an output stage. The switches are arranged to selectively couple either the p-type differential pair or the n-type differential pair to the output stage so that only one of the differential pairs is coupled to the output stage at a time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a diagnostic method for the detection of small quantities of amniotic fluid in the vagina. More specifically, the invention relates to the detection of PAMG-1 in the vagina using anti-PAMG-1 antibodies.

Abstract: A circuit for reducing EMI is provided. The circuit includes driver circuitry that drives a power switch, such as a power MOSFET. The power switch provides an output voltage. The circuit decreases the drive strength by which the power switch is driven during each output edge (i.e. when the output goes from low to high (rising edge) or high to low (falling edge)), and returns the drive strength to its normal level when the output edge is complete or approximately complete. Reducing the drive strength of the driver circuitry causes the output edge to occur over a longer period of time. This results in reduction of the EMI of the device.

Abstract: A sanitary napkin that is provided with large rear flaps to effectively prevent liquid from leaking obliquely rearward. The rear flaps are disposed rearward of fold-back flaps to be wrapped around a crotch part of an undergarment. The rear flap is of a shape spreading rearwardly from a starting point. With a pressure from the thighs acting forward of the starting point, leakage preventing walls forward of the starting point can be maintained in a rising state during wear. On the other hand, the leakage preventing walls rearward of the starting point may possibly fall outward. However, even if the leakage preventing walls fall outward rearward of the starting point, they will never project out of the rear flaps. Accordingly, they hardly leave a stain on an undergarment.

Abstract: A hydrogen permeable membrane which has an excellent high-temperature amorphous stability and a long lifetime under high-temperature heating operation and which can be miniaturized for use in a high-performance hydrogen purifier. The hydrogen permeable membrane is made of a non-crystalline nickel-zirconium alloy or zirconium-nickel alloy composed of 44 to 75 atom % of nickel or zirconium; and 0.2 to 16 atom % of aluminum, 0.2 to 12 atom % of vanadium and/or niobium, or 0.2 to 12 atom % of niobium and 0.1 to 10 atom % of phosphorus (provided that the combined amount of niobium and phosphorus is not more than 18 atom %); with the balance being zirconium or nickel and unavoidable impurities.