Abstract: This invention provides security articles comprising fibers, threads and fiber sections (“dots”) possessing multiple verification characteristics. The fibers possess unique and difficulty duplicated combinations of complex cross-sections, components, and multiple luminescent responses. The many verifiable characteristics of the security fibers, threads and dots provide high levels of protection against fraudulent duplication of articles in which they are incorporated. The manifold security features provide means of tailoring specific identity characteristics for specific use and users.

Abstract: A process for producing a phenothiazinium compound comprising the step of: reacting phenothiazine, in the presence of a halogen, with at least one amine selected from the group consisting of: wherein Z is CH2, O, S, SO2, NH, NCH3, NC2H5, NCH2CH2OH or NCOCH3, and R1 and R2 are each independently linear or branched CnH2nY.

Abstract: The preparation of halosilanes having mixed-halogen substituents is described comprising providing an aryl-halo-silane having one more first halogens and one or more aryl groups, and substituting one or more of said aryl groups of said aryl-halo-silane with a second halogen having an atomic number greater than that of said first halogen.

Abstract: Present invention relates to a process for the manufacture of fluorinated alcohols as well as borates which are employed in the manufacture of the fluorinated alcohols. Fluorinated alcohols of the formulae HOCHRCF(CF3)CHFCF(CF3)2 and HOCHRCF(CF(CF3)2)CHFCF3, HOCHRCF(CF2CF3)CH(CF3)2 and HOCHRC(CF3)2CHFCF2CF3 are made by heating a mixture of a borate of the formula (RCH2O)3B, wherein R?H or a C1 to C7 alkyl group, with perfluoro-4-methyl-2-pentene or perfluoro-2-methyl-2-pentene and a free-radical initiator to form a mixture of borates, optionally separating the mixture of borates from any reactants, solvents, and by-products; hydrolyzing the mixture of borates to form a hydrolysis product mixture; and separating the alcohols from the hydrolysis product mixture.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of producing supported organic catalyst systems which find particular use in polymerization reactions. The methods comprise generally, the steps of (a) providing an organic catalyst solution comprising an organic catalyst dissolved in a solvent; (b) contacting the organic catalyst solution with a solid support material; and (c) removing the solvent from the support material by using one or more supercritical-like solvents.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing fluoroalkene of the formula Rf—CH?CH2 from a fluorohaloalkene having the formula Rf—C(R1)?C(R2)H, wherein Rf is fluorine or a substituted or unsubstituted C1–C20 straight or branched-chain fluorinated alkyl and R1 and R2 are independently H, Cl, Br, or I, provided that at least one of R1 or R2 is Cl, Br, or I by reacting the fluorohaloalkene with a reducing agent, preferably a formate salt in the presence of a catalyst.

Abstract: Provided are compositions comprising HFC-245fa and trans-1,2-dichloroethylene which exhibit relatively high solubility with conventional hydrocarbon lubricants, non-flammability, and relatively constant boiling points. Also provided are uses of such compositions.

Abstract: Provided are methods of producing phosphitylated compounds, including 3?-O-phosphoramidites, comprising the step of reacting a hydroxyl-containing compound with a phosphitylating agent in the presence of a phosphitylation activator selected from the group consisting of: (1) acid-base complexes derived from an amine base of Formula I wherein R, R1, and R2 are independently C1-C10 alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C6-C10 aryl, C7-C10 aralkyl, C1-C10 heteroalkyl, or C1-C10 heteroaryl, wherein any two adjacent R, R1, and R2 may be connected to form a heterocyclic ring; (2) acid-base complexes derived from a diazabicyclo amine base; and (3) combinations of two or more thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of producing a supported organic catalyst system comprising the steps of: (a) providing an organic catalyst solution comprising an organic catalyst dissolved in a supercritical-like solvent; (b) contacting a support material with the organic catalyst solution; and (c) removing substantially all of the supercritical-like solvent from the organic catalyst and the support material.

Abstract: Provided are fluorine-containing compounds, and polymers derived therefrom, for use in compositions used for treating textile substrates. The present invention further provides methods of making fluorine-containing compounds and polymers derived therefrom, compositions comprising the compounds and/or polymers of the present invention, methods of treating substrates, and the treated products derived therefrom.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions comprising 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane and water, said compositions are environmentally desirable for use as blowing agents for polymer foam, refrigerants, aerosol propellants, metered dose inhalers, heat transfer media, and gaseous dielectrics.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions comprising an HFC component and a non-HFC component consisting essentially of methanol, having boiling points that are unexpectedly low and relatively constant, and uses thereof.

Abstract: This invention provides azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, 2-chloropropane and dichloroethylene that are environmentally desirable for use as refrigerants, aerosol propellants, metered dose inhalers, blowing agents for polymer foam, heat transfer media, and gaseous dielectrics.

Abstract: A composition containing a non-flammable chlorofluoro-olefin copolymer having a crystallinity index less than about 10% and a weight-average molecular weight greater than about 1,000,000 daltons, wherein the copolymer has at least two comonomer units of the formula: CX2CYA wherein each X is independently selected from H, Cl and F; Y is selected from H, Cl, F, O(CZ2)nCZ3, (CZ2)nCZ3, (OCZ2CZ2)nCZ3 and (O(CZ2)n)nCZ3, wherein each n is independently from about 1 to about 12 and each Z is independently selected from H, Cl and F; and A is selected from H, Cl and F, provided that for at least one comonomer unit, at least one of A, Y, either X or any Z is Cl. Substrates coated with the copolymer compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided are methods of producing fluorinated alcohols from non-perfluorinated fluoroolefins and methanol. Certain preferred embodiments of such methods involve advantageously reacting a non-perfluorinated fluoroolefin with methanol under ambient-pressure and/or low-temperature conditions.

Abstract: Disclosed are azeotrope-like compositions comprising 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane and at least one C3 or C4 hydrocarbon, and optionally water, said compositions are environmentally desirable for use as refrigerants, aerosol propellants, metered dose inhalers, blowing agents for polymer foam, heat transfer media, and gaseous dielectrics.

Abstract: The invention relates to azeotropic and azeotrope-like mixtures of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365) and hydrogen fluoride and a process for separating the azeotrope-like mixtures. The compositions of the invention are useful as an intermediate in the production of HFC-365. The latter is useful as a nontoxic, zero ozone depleting fluorocarbon useful as a solvent, blowing agent, refrigerant, cleaning agent and aerosol to propellant.

Abstract: Provided are methods of charging refrigerants into refrigeration systems. The present methods involve recharging a refrigerant system that contains a chlorine-containing refrigerant and a lubricant comprising the steps of (a) providing a refrigeration system comprising a chamber having a hydrocarbon-based lubricant and substantially no chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant; and (b) introducing to the system a composition comprising: (i) a refrigerant; (ii) a surfactant; and (iii) a solubilizing agent.

Abstract: A method comprising etching a material under plasma etching conditions using an etching composition which has a GWP of no greater than about 3000 and which comprises at least one etchant compound having a formula selected from the group consisting of F—CO—[(CR1R2)m—CO]n—F and F—CO—R3—CO—F, and wherein: m=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5; n=1; R1 & R2 represent H, F or CxHyFz; wherein: x=1 or 2; and y+z=2x+1; R3 represents CR4═CR5, R6R7C═C or C≡C; wherein: R4-7 represent H, F, or CxHyFz; wherein: x=1 or 2; and y+z=2x+1; and also including the cleaning of a surface by use of an etchant compound, and further including an etching composition which includes said etchant compound and also an etchant-modifier.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of fumigating closed systems susceptible to microbially influenced corrosion (MIC). The method is particularly useful in a method for mitigating MIC in fire protection sprinkler systems.