Abstract: The resultant search result items from a search engine performing an Internet search are associated with similar or related advertisements. These associated advertisements, once acquired, may be viewed by a user on demand. An Internet user selects a query to submit to a search engine. For each search result item available from the query, a matching search of related product advertisements is then performed. For each related product advertisement found for a given search result item, the search result item is then flagged. This process is repeated until each search result item has been investigated and matched to related product advertisements when applicable. The user then designates a selection. This selection initiates a search of an advertisement database. Each product advertisement acquired is then formatted and displayed to the user.

Abstract: A shorter gate length FET for very large scale integrated circuit chips is achieved by providing a wafer with multiple threshold voltages. Multiple threshold voltages are developed by combining multiple work function gate materials. The gate materials are geometrically aligned in a predetermined pattern so that each gate material is adjacent to other gate materials. A patterned linear array embodiment is developed for a multiple threshold voltage design. The method of forming a multiple threshold voltage FET requires disposing different gate materials in aligned trenches within a semiconductor wafer, wherein each gate material represents a separate work function. The gate materials are arranged to be in close proximity to one another to accommodate small gate length designs.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for removing contaminate particulate matter from substrate surfaces such as semiconductor wafers. The method and apparatus use a material, preferably a liquid curable polymer, which is applied as a sacrificial coating to the surface of a substrate containing contaminate particulate matter thereon. An energy source is used to dislodge the contaminate particulate matter from the surface of the wafer into the sacrificial coating so that the particles are partially or fully encapsulated and suspended in the sacrificial coating. The sacrificial coating is then removed. The coating is preferably formed into a film to facilitate removal of the coating by pulling (stripping) the film providing a cleaner substrate surface.

Abstract: The Multiple Discriminant Analysis system described provides three parameters: (1) a Dynamic Force Factor (DFF) that characterizes the dynamic forces which act to reduce operational life of the bearing; (2) a Bearing Degradation Factor (BDF) that characterizes the actual condition of the rolling element bearing; and (3) a Life Expectancy Factor (LEF) that characterizes the overall condition of the first two factors. Each factor is configured in scalar form, wherein readings range from acceptable, to caution/degradation, to action required. DFF combines low frequency and high frequency dynamic forcing function discriminants. BDF combines, in this case, four powerful diagnostic bearing fault process discriminants, in a formulaic composition. The composition accurately describes the actual rolling element bearing condition indicating optimum or warning of a potential failure condition. The normally voluminous vibration data is compressed into three easily understood, yet highly informative numbers.

Abstract: A system, operable on a plurality of different computer operating systems, for providing web browser access to the operating system desktop having icons displayed on a screen thereof, wherein the desktop icons provide links to executable programs of and information displayable by the operating system. The process comprises first determining, for each icon to be accessed, an executable program linked to the icon, a data file used by the program, and the location of the program and data file. Then the process comprises constructing a web page of the accessed icons and linked programs and data file by assigning a HTML tag to the program and data file of each icon. The HTML tag may include an optional parameter for use by the executable program. The web page is viewable on a web browser such that the HTML tags are displayed on the web page and executable by the web browser to execute the programs on the operating system.

Abstract: A lock mechanism for use with lever handles includes a lock core and a latch mechanism that is rigidly connected to the lock core to prevent the lock core from rotating in the door. Through-bolts are not needed, allowing a small diameter rose to be used. Stops and a spring return mechanism are entirely located within the lock core, allowing the rose to be thin. The lock core defines the rest position for the lever handles at an angle slightly above horizontal. To avoid the necessity for producing different locks in left and right-hand configurations, the lock core is made substantially symmetrical about a vertical plane, instead of a horizontal plane, and the inner and outer sides of the lock mechanism can be interchanged. A heavy-duty locking piece, including a pair of locking lugs that directly engage the lock core near its inner perimeter, allow the lock to withstand abusive forces applied through the lever handle.

Abstract: A water feeder controller for a boiler monitors a low water cutoff sensor in a boiler and uses a feed timer to feed water to the boiler for a predetermined feed period of time. The feed timer brings the water level in the boiler well above the low water cutoff sensor. The feed timer supplies water to the boiler only if the low water cutoff sensor continues to indicate a low water level for a delay period of time measured by a delay timer. A resettable display indicates the quantity of water supplied by the water feeder to the boiler based on a feed counter incremented during water feeding. A manual feed button allows water to be manually fed to the boiler. The quantity of water manually supplied to the boiler is also shown on the display. The feed timer and delay timer are preferably implemented in software in a microcontroller in the water feeder controller. A lockout loop in the software prevents overfeeding of water to the boiler in the event of a failure of the low water cutoff sensor.

Abstract: A device for aligning a flatted object to a desired orientation. The flatted object has a substantially circular perimeter and a flatted chord portion and may be a silicon wafer or a cover for an electrostatic chuck. The device includes multiple conically shaped rollers that center and rotationally align the object, each roller having a bottom lip for supporting the object. Centering rollers are mounted so that they contact the circular perimeter of the object when it is in the desired orientation. Rotational alignment rollers are mounted so that they contact the flatted chord portion of the object when it is in the desired orientation. When placed on the alignment device, the flatted object passively moves to the desired orientation under the force of gravity.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for a web crawler to automatically simulate user interaction with a dynamic website in order to gather and extract information from the site. This interactive web crawler will be able to create a search query string for any one of a number of desired search topics and systematically crawl dynamic personalized content on a website and retrieve the information desired by the user/client.

Abstract: A method of preparing silicon semiconductor surfaces prior to metal silicide formation. In particular, it teaches a method of treating about 10 to about 200 Å of a surface of the silicon with a plasma source after activating the source and drain regions, prior to an HF etch and deposition of a metal for silicide formation. Discontinuities in the metal silicide formed on narrow polysilicon lines at the point where source and drain regions intersect are surprisingly diminished. This results in more continuous, uniform silicide formation hence the polysilicon lines and the source and drain regions have substantially lower resistance.

Abstract: A method is provided for etching and removing extraneous molybdenum or debris on ceramic substrates such as semiconductor devices and also for molybdenum etching in the fabrication of molybdenum photomasks. The method employs a multi-step process using an acidic aqueous solution of a ferric salt to remove (etch) the molybdenum debris followed by contacting the treated substrate with an organic quaternary ammonium hydroxide to remove any molybdenum black oxides which may have formed on the exposed surface of treated molybdenum features in ceramic substrates. The method is environmentally safe and the waste solutions may be easily waste treated for example by precipitating the ferric salts as ferric hydroxide and removing anions such as sulfate by precipitation with lime. The method replaces the currently used method of employing ferricyanide salts which create serious hazardous waste disposal and environmental problems.

Abstract: Wrought copper cathode starting sheets for use in the electrolytic production of copper made preferably by a continuous casting and rolling process are provided. Refined copper is melted in a shaft furnace and continuously cast preferably using a twin belt horizontal caster and straight line rolled to reduce the thickness of the casting by about 25% to 98% to produce a sheet having a thickness up to about 0.123 inch. The continuous sheet is cut after the rolling process from uncoiled sheet into discrete rectangular shapes suitable for use as a starting sheet, as a starting sheet blank or other metal sheet uses such as cladding and roofing.

Abstract: A cylindrical graphite electrode with a consumable end includes one or more slots comprising a discontinuous portion of the carbon which extend along the length of the carbon body through at least a portion of the cross-section substantially to the consumable end. The slot may extend from the surface into the body or the slot may extend within the body below the surface. The slot may be filled with a carbonaceous material different from the carbon of the body. The slot may extend helically along the length and around a portion of the periphery of the body. The slots may be formed prior to or after heat treating of the electrode. As the electrode is exposed to a thermal shock, a crack is initiated in and propagates along the electrode and intersects with the slot, wherein substantial further growth of the crack is arrested at the slot.

Abstract: The present invention is a active pixel sensor cell and method of making and using the same. The active pixel sensor cell approximately doubles the available signal for a given quanta of light. The device of the present invention utilizes the holes produced by impinging photons in a active pixel sensor cell circuit. Two active pixel sensor cell circuits, an NFET circuit and PFET circuit are created for use with a photodiode. The NFET circuit captures electron current. The PFET circuit captures hole current. The sum of the currents is approximately double that of conventional active pixel sensor circuits using similarly sized photodiode regions.

Abstract: A fixture for securing a circuit chip substrate having on one side solder connections during wet processing using a pulse jet delivery cleaning system for removing solder flux residue on the solder connections. The fixture comprises a frame of sufficient size to at least partially surround and contact the substrate on a first side and a lid cooperating with the frame to at least partially cover the substrate on a second side containing the solder connections. A resilient polymeric separator is disposed on the lid and faces the substrate for contacting the substrate second side containing the solder connections. There are also openings in the frame for permitting circulation of a cleaner to contact the second side of the substrate.

Abstract: An electronic component having a socketable bump grid array comprising shaped-solder coated metallic spheres is provided by a method which comprises positioning solder coated metal spheres in an aligning device having a plurality of opening corresponding to the array, the openings being tapered preferably in the form of a truncated cone with the base of the cone being at the upper surface of the aligning device and having a diameter larger than the diameter of the solder coated metal sphere. The opening is configured so that a sphere positioned in the opening extends partially above the upper surface of the aligning device. The pads of the substrate are then contacted with the positioned spheres and, when the solder is reflowed, the solder forms a bond between the conductive layer on the substrate in contact with the solder-coated metal sphere and takes the shape of the aligning device and which maintains a solder coating on the whole surface of the metal sphere.

Abstract: An electronic module is provided comprising integrated circuit chips mounted on a substrate and having a specially designed cooling plate overlying the chip producing a gap above about 1 mil and a thermal paste or thermal adhesive between the cooling plate and the chip to facilitate heat transfer from the chip to the cooling plate. The cooling plate has a roughened area made by grit blasting and the like and having a roughness of about 0.4 to 6.4 microns or comprising a plurality of channels and corresponding protrusions overlying the chip area which roughened area penetrates the thermal paste and thermal adhesive and improves the adhesion and inhibits the flow of thermal paste from between the lower surface of the cooling plate and the upper surface of the chip during operation of the electronic module.

Abstract: An improved multi-chip-module having a substrate having top and bottom surfaces, a plurality of chips on the top surface, a plurality of pins on the bottom surface, each chip having at least one lead extending through the substrate and conductively coupled to a corresponding pin, the module having at least one net associated with the chips and completely embedded within the substrate, the improvement comprising at least one pad attached to the bottom surface of the substrate, and a conductive path conductively coupled between the pad and the net.

Abstract: An explosion resistant structure comprises arcuate interlocking cold roll formed profiled steel panels (59) over which an outer (51) of steel reinforced concrete is formed. The outer concrete skin (51) is formed integrally with a steel reinforced concrete base (60) in turn formed integrally with a steel reinforced concrete floor. Planar front and rear walls (54, 63) are formed by planar cold roll formed profiled interlocking steel panels of a similar configuration to the arcuate roof panels and a steel reinforced concrete skin is also formed over the planar steel panels. The profiled steel panels (70) are of a substantially U-shaped cross section, the upper portions (72) of the side walls (76) being interlocked and the entire side wall portions and interlocked portions are encapsulated in the steel reinforced concrete layer to form a substantially continuous steel skin over the inner surface of the structure.