Abstract: In a monitoring system for the process-accompanying monitoring of machine tool components, it is provided that the same monitoring system, apart from the detection of at least one of the above mentioned conditions in tools, workpieces or processes, is used in other monitoring stages—which at times when no treatment process occurs (i.e. when no tool, workpiece or process monitoring has to occur) are predetermined by the machine control—to perform a detection, monitoring or well-aimed examination of faulty conditions on components of machine tools, such as e.g. damage or wear on the feed slides, on the tool or workpiece spindles or the imbalance on tool or workpiece spindles or on drilling or milling tools.

Abstract: The evaluation of the signal transmission performance of an optical communication apparatus used when communication for control purposes is made using optical communication in general industrial machines such as presses. An electric current having a magnitude in a predetermined range is fed stepwise to a light emitting element (33) of a transmission optical link (3), a frame signal which includes an electric current value code indicative of the magnitude of the electric current fed to light emitting element (33) is simultaneously delivered to a receiver (20) through optical fiber (5) from a transmitter (10).

Abstract: A bullet is manufactured by providing a slug of metal having an end face and applying an axial force against the end face of sufficient magnitude to form an axially outwardly opening first cavity. Thereafter a second force is applied against the first cavity to reform the first cavity into a second cavity having a peripheral edge of a generally scalloped configuration and an interior surface defining tears of alternating triangular flat faces set-off by edges converging toward a blind end of the cavity. The end portion is then contoured into a generally convex curvature which constricts the scalloped peripheral edge and transforms the triangular faces into radially inwardly directed ribs and alternating lines of weakness which, upon bullet impact, control radial expansion and axial tearing of petals formed during impact which creates maximum hydraulic shock in the absence of fragmentation which in turn ensures humane killing of game.

Abstract: Apparatus for twisting a strip of flat material into a helix or other suitable shape comprising one or more feed rollers adapted to feed the strip in to means for guiding and locating the strip in the plane of its longitudinal axis, and from whence the strip passes into twist rolls which are angularly rotatable with respect to the guide means and which are provided with surfaces which grip the strip and when so angularly rotated twist the strip about its longitudinal axis.

Abstract: A copolymer comprising 10 to 50 mole % of olefin units and 90 to 50 mole % of vinyl units, 50 to 98 mole % of the vinyl units being vinyl alcohol units and 2 to 50 mole % of the vinyl units being vinyl acetal units, is disclosed. This copolymer has excellent resistance to hot water and excellent oxygen barrier property in combination. When this copolymer is subjected to retort-sterilization, blanching is not caused and the excellent oxygen barrier property can be maintained. When this copolymer is laminated on a polyolefin or the like, a laminate structure excellent in the interlaminar peel strength is provided.