Abstract: The present invention relates to an aircraft transparency including an electroconductive metal oxide coating over a rigid plastic substrate, and a polyurethane protective liner over the metal oxide coating, and more specifically to the use of a primer for adhering the metal oxide coating to the substrate and/or a primer for adhering the polyurethane protective liner to the metal oxide coating. The metal oxide primer includes a carbonate diol-based crosslinked polyurethane. The polyurethane primer is selected from the group consisting of a crosslinked copolymer of acrylic acid and substituted acrylates such as 2-ethylhexylacrylate; a crosslinked copolymer of cyanoethylacrylate and acrylic acid; and a crosslinked terpolymer of 2-ethylhexylacrylate, cyanoethylacrylate and acrylic acid.

Abstract: Amorphous metal oxide barrier layers of titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and zinc/tin oxide are effective as alkali metal ion barrier layers at thicknesses below 180 Angstroms. The amorphous metal oxide barrier layers are most effective when the density of the layer is equal to or greater than 90% of the crystalline density. The barrier layers prevent migration of alkali metal ions such as sodium ions from glass substrates into a medium e.g. electrolyte of a photochromic cell, liquid material of a liquid crystal display device contacting the glass surface. The properties of the medium, particularly electroconductive metal oxide coatings, are susceptible to deterioration by the presence of sodium ions migrating from the glass.

Abstract: Multilayer high transmittance, low emissivity coatings on transparent substrates feature a special antireflective base film of at least two parts on the substrate-near side of a metallic, reflective film. A first of the two parts is in contact with the metallic film. This first film-part has crystalline properties for causing the metallic film to deposit in a low resistivity configuration. The second of the two film-parts supports the first part and is preferably amorphous. Coated articles of the invention also feature, in combination with the above-mentioned base film or independently thereof, a newly discovered, particularly advantageous subrange of thicker primer films for coated glass that can be thermally processed for tempering, heat strengthening, or bending.

Abstract: A spacer stock has a pair of outer legs joined by a base to provide the spacer stock with a generally U-shaped cross section. The outer legs are formed e.g. each leg has a pair of members having a hairpin cross section to reduce the degree of torsional twist of the spacer stock and/or spacer frame with the legs preferably only connected by the base having only one thermal conducting path e.g. through the base from one leg to the other leg. The spacer stock may be shaped or sections of spacer stock joined to provide a spacer frame. The spacer frame may be used to fabricate a multi-sheet glazing unit e.g. by securing a sheet to each of the outer legs with moisture impervious adhesive or sealant.

Abstract: A sound dampening glazing, for example an automotive windshield, in one embodiment includes a pair of glass sheets. In cross section and moving from one glass sheet to the other there is an interlayer e.g. polyvinyl butyral, an intermediate sheet e.g. a polyester sheet having a surface harder than the surface of the interlayer to smooth the interlayer surface, a sheet of dampening material, an intermediate sheet, an interlayer and the other glass sheet. In another embodiment, the glazing has two sheets of dampening material each having different sound dampening temperature range to provide the glazing with sound dampening properties over a broader temperature range. A method for making the glazing is also disclosed.

Abstract: A pad for frictionally supporting an automotive transparency carried by an individual has bead or ridges made of friction material and is detachably secured to the belt of the individual extending over a portion of the individual's thigh. The windshield is urged against the friction material to assist in maintaining the windshield above the floor as it is moved. The pad has loop portion of a hook and loop securing arrangement e.g. of the type sold under the trademark Velcro, with the hook portion secured to the belt. In this manner the pad is quickly and easily secured in position to the belt extending over the thigh portion. Tool carrying pouches and/or equipment each having the loop portion of the hook and loop arrangement mounted thereon for ease of securing them to the belt.

Abstract: The present invention provides a glass composite transparency having a desired color, intensity and a high performance ratio. In particular, the transparency includes at least one rigid transparent ply, e.g. a colored glass or plastic substrate, and a member secured to a major surface of the substrate, e.g. a flexible plastic layer or a coating. The member has a color that generally complements the color of the glass substrate to reduce the overall color intensity of the composite transparency. The resulting composite transparency is gray in color and has a LTA to TSET ratio of at least 1.4, preferably with LTA.gtoreq.70%.

Abstract: An injector for moving an insulating gas into the sealed air space of a multi-sheet insulating unit includes a tube e.g. inner tube mounted within an outer tube and spaced from the inner walls of the outer tube to provide an exhaust passage. The outer tube is mounted on the middle leg by a C-clamp. Insulating air is moved through the inner tube into the sealed air space to displace the gas therein which displaced gas moves through the exhaust passageway.

Abstract: Silicon compounds useful as coating reactants for the chemical vapor deposition of silicon oxide are disclosed, along with compounds useful as accelerants to increase the deposition rate of silicon oxide. The silicon-containing precursor comprises the structural formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or aryl radical which may be substituted, and R.sub.2 is a functional group which increases the reactivity of the silicon compound by withdrawing electron density away from the silicon atom, such as hydrogen, halogen, alkenyl, alkynyl, halogenated alkyl and perhalogenated alkyl radicals. The accelerant is a compound selected to take advantage of the partial positive charge on the silicon atom. Such accelerant compounds include Lewis acids and bases; water; ozone; trivalent compounds of nitrogen, boron and phosphorus; tetravalent compounds of sulfur and selenium; pentavalent compounds of phosphorus and a variety of metal compounds.

Abstract: A flat elongated substrate having a bead of a gas and/or moisture pervious adhesive having a desiccant is moved along a predetermined linear path between spaced upper wheels aligned with spaced lower wheels. The upper wheels have a peripheral groove to shape the bead as the substrate moves between the upper and lower wheels. The lower wheels each have a U shape peripheral groove with the base of the U of the downstream wheels being narrower than the base of the U of the upstream wheels and the depth of the U of the downstream wheels being deeper than the depth of the U of the upstream wheels to provide a spacer stock having a base connected to a pair of spaced upright legs such that the base connected to the legs have a generally U shape configuration and a shaped bead on the surface of the base between the legs. The spacer stock may be bent to form a spacer frame to separate outer sheets of an insulating glazing unit.

Abstract: Surface haze resulting from a rough surface of a substrate e.g. a fluorine doped tin oxide coated glass piece is reduced by coating the rough surface with a smooth surface coating of sufficient thickness to smooth out the rough surface e.g. coating the tin oxide layer with a silica film having a thickness of about 100 to 2000 Angstroms.

Abstract: Magnetic forces are applied to a side of a spacer frame mounted on a glass sheet to maintain the side of the spacer frame in alignment i.e. the plane containing base of the spacer frame perpendicular to the plane containing the surface of the glass to which the spacer frame is adhered. Thereafter a glass sheet is mounted on the other surface of the spacer frame. The sheets are adhered to the spacer frame by a sealant layer. After the sheets are assembled, the sheets are urged toward one another to flow the sealant to seal the space between the sheets.

Abstract: A rack has a front wall and back wall connected to a base to secure glass sheets in the rack on edge tilted toward the back wall. The front restraints are mounted on the front gate and sheet support members mounted on the rear gate to secure the sheets in position on the rack. The front gate and/or rear gate each have a pair of spaced posts with each of the posts having an end insertable in cavities provided on the base. Each of the insertion ends of the posts has a hole in one surface and an opposite sloping surface. The front gate and back gate are mounted on the base by positioning the insertion end on the edge of the cavity and tilting the gates to the vertical position to drop the insertion end of the posts in the cavities. A pin in each of the cavities passes into the hole at the insertion end of the posts to secure the gates on the base. The front restraints and sheet support members include an elongated tube having a plurality of collars rotatably mounted therein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improving the durability of water repellent films and a method for providing the film on a substrate. The water repellent film is preferably formed over the substrate by applying a water repellent composition over the substrate which will form the water repellent film. The durability of the water repellency of the film is improved by activating the substrate with an acid prior to forming the water repellent film over the substrate.

Abstract: A heat processable metallic appearing coated article is prepared by coating a glass substrate with a metal-containing film such as chromium or titanium nitride, which ordinarily oxidizes at high temperature, and overcoating with a protective layer of a different metal which forms a dense oxide surface layer. The coated article is subjected to high temperature processing such as bending without losing its metallic appearance to oxidation.

Abstract: An insulating unit has a pair of glass sheets about an edge assembly to provide a compartment between the sheets. The edge assembly has a U-shaped spacer made of metal, metal coated plastic, gas and moisture impervious polymer, or gas and moisture impervious film coated polymer. The outer legs of the spacer and the glass provide a long diffusion path to limit the diffusion of argon gas out of the compartment. The edge assembly has materials selected and sized to provide edge assembly having an RES-value of at least 75.

Abstract: An insulating unit has a pair of glass sheets about an edge assembly to provide a compartment between the sheets. The edge assembly has a U-shaped spacer made of metal, metal coated plastic, gas and moisture impervious polymer, or gas and moisture impervious film coated polymer. The outer legs of the spacer and the glass provide a long diffusion path to limit the diffusion of argon gas out of the compartment. The edge assembly has materials selected and sized to provide edge assembly having an RES-value of at least 75. A spacer for use in insulating units includes a plastic core having a gas impervious film e.g. a metal film or a halogenated polymer film. Also taught herein are techniques for making the unit and spacer.

Abstract: The wiper rest area of an automotive windshield is heated by a heatable member optionally mounted on a polyester substrate or heating element. The windshield includes outer and inner glass sheets secured together by an interlayer. The heating element is positioned on inner surface of the outer glass sheet and held in position by the interlayer securing the inner and outer sheets together. The heating element or heatable member has extensions extending beyond the edge of the windshield to provide external electrical access to the heatable member to power the heating element to heat the wiper rest area or position.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide novel primer compositions for use in bonding a thermoset polyurethane film to the surface of a polymeric substrate. The novel primer composition of the invention is an elastomeric polymer, particularly polyvinylpyrrolidinone, or a copolymer comprising vinylpyrrolidinone and alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate. The construction of the article of the present invention comprises a transparent polymeric substrate, such as stretched acrylic, a primer layer of polyvinylpyrrolidinone or copolymer of vinylpyrrolidinone and alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate on a surface thereof, and a film of thermoset polyurethane on the primer layer. The polyurethane is preferably a reaction product of isocyanate and a polyol such as polycaprolactone polyol, hexanediol carbonate polyol, cyclohexanedimethanol carbonate polyol, phthalate ester polyol, and hexanediol/cyclohexanedimethanol carbonate polyol.

Abstract: A multi-sheet glazing unit has a pair of outer sheets spaced from one another and secured to a spacer frame. The spacer frame has a generally U-shaped cross section and raised portions on its base to define a recess. Peripheral and marginal edge portions of an intermediate sheet are positioned in the recess and held in position by the recess spaced from the outer sheets. A method of forming the unit is also disclosed.