Abstract: A camera according to the present invention includes a first cavity to accommodate conventional film material having multiple frames, each frame having a corresponding indicia disposed on the conventional film material to identify the corresponding frame and a second cavity to accommodate self-developable film material having multiple image forming portions, each image forming portion having a corresponding indicia disposed on the self-developable film material to identify the corresponding image forming portion and a corresponding frame of conventional film material. The camera further includes a light path for exposing simultaneously one of the multiple frames of the conventional film material and one of the multiple image forming portions of the self-developable film material.

Abstract: Estimating spatial noise characteristics associated with an image acquired from an unknown digital image acquisition device is accomplished by a method, or system, which: provides predetermined default spatial noise characteristic information of the unknown digital image acquisition device; gathers user information related to the spatial noise characteristics of the unknown digital image acquisition device; gathers, from the acquired image, image data related to the spatial noise characteristics of the unknown digital image acquisition device; generates replacement data in response to the user information and the image data; and updates the predetermined default spatial noise characteristic information with the replacement data.

Abstract: A device for redirecting beams of light emitted from different sources includes: a monolithic stationary substrate having alignment surfaces for aligning the device for mounting into a system; multiple facets resident on the substrate including at least two facets having surfaces for redirecting the beams of light emitted from different sources; and facet edges on the substrate demarcating each of the multiple facets from one another, the edges providing outside corners greater than .pi. radians between surfaces of adjacent multiple facets. The surfaces of the multiple facets are preferably surfaces of revolution created by cutting the facet surfaces while the device is rotated about a common axis, for instance, by machining via single diamond point turning.

Abstract: The present invention is useful in taking a visible light image for identification and other purposes without the requirement of a photobooth, regardless of the background of the visible light image. The original background of the visible light image is replaced with a preselected background. Two IR images with different intensities of IR illumination in the foreground and background regions of the scene, respectively, are compared to produce a difference image of light intensity differences between corresponding pixels of the two images. A binarized image is generated by binarizing the difference image with respect to a predetermined threshold value .theta.. A connectivity constraint is used to generate a binary mask from the binarized image, then a gray-scale mask is produced by multiplying the binary mask times a preselected modulation function of the difference image. Warping the gray-scale mask produces a transformed mask.

Abstract: An all-optical modulator for modulating the output power of a high-power optical pump source is disclosed. More particularly, with the optical modulator of the invention, the output power of a CW fiber laser is modulated by a low-power laser, such as a diode laser. The modulator comprises two optical couplers which are preferably wavelength-selective and interconnected by a nonlinear single mode optical fiber with a high Raman gain. A laser system comprising a high-power pump laser, a fast signal laser with a suitable modulation depth and the optical modulator of the invention can advantageously employed in materials processing and graphics arts printing applications.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for exposing multilayered thermal imaging media to eliminate "cloud" or "woodgrain" artifacts by proper optimization of the exposing radiation angle of incidence. The exposure angle of incidence is large enough so that all rays with high reflectance loss are paired with equally many with low reflectance loss to increase printing efficiency.

Abstract: A method or system for structuring an image which corresponds to an original array of pixels, as a forward discrete even cosine transform (DCT) pyramid having a predetermined number of levels where each level is associated with a different DCT frequency band, includes, respectively, the steps or functionality of: partitioning the original array into blocks of overlapped pixels; taking a DCT of each block of overlapped pixels to generate blocks of first level DCT coefficients forming a first level of the DCT pyramid; storing the first level of the DCT pyramid; selecting and storing at least one of the first level DCT coefficients of each block of first level DCT coefficients into a first temporary array; partitioning the first temporary array into blocks of overlapped coefficients; and taking a DCT of each block of overlapped coefficients of the first temporary array to generate blocks of second level DCT coefficients forming a second level of the DCT pyramid.

Abstract: A method for adjusting the luminance IM.sub.HI of pixels in a high resolution image includes first forming a low resolution image of the original by grouping pixels into superpixels such as 8.times.8 blocks. A low resolution luminance correction value .delta..sub.LO is determined for each superpixel by comparing the luminance of the superpixel to both a predetermined darkness threshold T.sub.D and a predetermined brightness threshold T.sub.B. The low resolution luminance correction value .delta..sub.LO is modified to yield .delta.'.sub.LO for each superpixel by forming islands of the superpixels and smoothing .delta..sub.LO between superpixels within each island. Finally, a high resolution luminance correction value .delta..sub.HI is calculated for each pixel of the original high resolution image by comparing the luminance IM.sub.HI of each pixel to both T.sub.D and T.sub.B, keeping in mind that .delta..sub.

Abstract: An image processing system and method for processing an input image provides a virtual observer for automatically selecting, ordering and implementing a sequence of image processing operations which will yield maximum customer satisfaction as measured by a customer satisfaction index (CSI) which, for example, can balance the image quality and the processing time. The CSI evaluates an effect of the sequence of image processing operations on the input image in response to upstream device characteristic data received from an input device profile, downstream device characteristic data received from an output device profile, host configuration data, user selection data, trial parameter values and data corresponding to the sequence of image processing operations.

Abstract: The photo cabin of the invention provides a background for an image, subject lighting and possibly support for an external camera; furthermore, the photo cabin is foldable, thereby facilitating transport, handling and storage. Electrical power and signal connections for controlling and energizing the subject lighting are also included.

Abstract: A fault tolerant distributed intelligence control system for sensing and control across fault tolerant fiber optic communication media interconnecting a plurality of intelligent nodes. Each intelligent node comprises a digital control and communication processor (DCCP) operating autonomously in relation to DCCPs at other nodes, and a transceiver for interfacing with the communication media. The fiber optic communication media comprises bi-directional serial data buses. The combination provides a low cost highly reliable distributed control system particularly applicable to primary and secondary aircraft control systems, as well as to other vehicle and control systems.

Abstract: A color management system including methods relying on an "Ideal Film Model" color mapping function characterized by exact colorimetric detection of world color information, a nonlinear tone compression acting on the tristimulus values X/Xn, Y/Yn, Z/Zn, and an exact calorimetric display of the compressed tristimulus values. The system and method operate to provide a process for describing the necessary tone reproduction required in displaying optimal reproductions of complex world pictorial scenes over a plurality of elements in an image processing system and to provide a reference system for evaluating the color and tone reproduction of real imaging systems; provide a well defined calibration protocol for the calibration of electronic and hybrid imaging systems designed to capture complex world scenes; and provide a useful model for simulating some sensitometric attributes of real photographic systems.

Abstract: An intelligent voting node for a multiple node, fault tolerant, distributed intelligence control system having a plurality of optically isolated relays for connecting a power source to a load device and providing total optical isolation for processors of the voting node from faults occurring in the power source. The voting node includes triple redundant two-out-of-three voters each coupled to one of three redundant digital communication and control processors within the node. Built-in-self-test capability using optically isolated receiver devices provides for avoidance of latent failures.

Abstract: A technique for deriving correction signals for inertial instruments on a missile, such as an intercontinental ballistic or a cruise missile, is shown to include: a radar operative in a synthetic aperture mode when the missile approaches a predetermined area containing at least three separate fixed terrain features whose radar signatures (as observed from a preselected position) have been predetermined and stored on the missile; successively illuminating each one of such features and comparing the actual radar signals with the stored radar signatures; and deriving correction signals for the inertial instruments in accordance with the difference between the actual and stored radar signals.

Abstract: Ceiling tiles and a moisture detection system in which an array of electrodes placed preferably on the top unseen surface of the ceiling tiles typically used in commercial-type buildings. A detection or controller circuit then monitors the electrical characteristics of these electrodes for any changes that would be indicative of water formation on the ceiling tiles. Generally, current will flow between the electrodes only in the presence of water or some other conducting fluid. When this current is detected, an alarm, for example, can be generated to notify security monitoring personnel to investigate the possible existence of water intrusion. Alternatively, coded signals can be generated at the ceiling tiles individually in the presence of water.

Abstract: A proximity fuze radar system is described including a transmitter for transmitting a signal modulated by a pseudo-random noise code signal and a receiver for receiving signals including the modulated signal reflected by an object or target. The proximity fuze radar system further includes delay circuitry for delaying in time the pseudo-random noise code signal for providing a delayed noise code signal and circuitry for correlating a near range portion of the received signals with the delayed noise code signal and for providing base band signals. The proximity fuze radar system still further includes suppression circuitry for correlating a longer range portion of the received signals with the delayed noise code signal and for providing a rejection signal for summing the base band signals with the rejection signal to reduce the signal level of undesired signals. With such an arrangement, a radar system is provided having less susceptibility to undesired signals.

Abstract: A transmit/receive module including digitally controlled analog circuits is described. The digital circuits use a logic family adapted for use with analog monolithic integrated circuits. The disclosure also describes a preferred process to provide digital and analog microwave circuits on a common semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A deterministic network protocol for connecting critical sensors, actuators and computing elements on a bi-directional, time-multiplexed, fiber optic or other media data bus, such that critical messages have concisely bounded latency and non-critical messages may be sent without impacting critical messages. It is a unique combination of a time-slot allocation protocol and a contention-based protocol in which global synchronization information is passed on the data media via a synchronization beacon.

Abstract: A flextensional transducer for use in surface ship applications requiring the capability of withstanding underwater explosive shock is described. The transducer includes a plurality of ceramic stacked drivers disposed between an elliptical outer shell having opposing slots disposed along an inner surface of the shell and a flextensional limiting support block. The drivers are mounted on ball joint sockets which allow pivoting during high acceleration loading conditions. The support block further has a pair of curved surfaces which will generally follow, in close proximity, the inner surface of the shell and a member coupled to the opposing slots of the elliptical shell. The block can be fixed to a rigid mount disposed over at least one end of the transducer using a plurality of tie rods.

Abstract: A fuzing system adapted for use by a guided missile to generate a detonation signal for a warhead carried by the missile. The missile has a seeker/tracker to track, and direct the missile towards, a target. The seeker/tracker has: a seeker, gimballed with respect to the body of the missile, for producing a signal representative of the angular deviation between the target and the missile; and, a ranging system for producing a signal representative of a range between the target and the missile. The fuzing system, in response to the range signals, produces a time-to-go signal, t.sub.go, where t.sub.go, related to the range between the missile and the target divided by the rate of change in such range.