Abstract: A process for purifying crude brominated aromatic compounds such as decabromodiphenyl oxide containing impurities. The crude brominated aromatic compound undergoes a single processing step of grinding in the presence of heated air. The temperature is sufficient to effect substantial removal of impurities and yet remains below the melting point of the brominated aromatic compound.

Abstract: A polymer of monoallylamine, preferably a water-soluble polymer of monoallylamine, whether in free (i.e., unneutralized) form or in salt (i.e., partially or completely neutralized) form is used in conjunction with a sulfonated polymer such as a water-soluble lignosulfonate, condensed naphthalene sulfonate, or sulfonated vinyl aromatic polymer, to minimize fluid loss from the slurry during subterranean well cementing operations. The polymer of monoallyl amine may be a homopolymer or a copolymer, and may be crosslinked or uncrosslinked. These components interact with each other in the presence of water to produce a gelatinous material that tends to plug porous zones and minimize premature water loss from the well cement slurry when present in the subterranean well formation. In addition, the gelatinous material so formed prevents de-stabilization of the slurry in the well formation.

Abstract: Cyclic phosphonitrilic halide trimer is made in high yield and at a rapid rate by adding NH.sub.3 or ammonium halide to a pyridine-hydrogen halide complex and adding phosphorus pentahalide and a solvent for the trimer (e.g. monochlorobenzene) and heating the mixture to above 90.degree. C. to form trimer which dissolves in the solvent and then separating the trimer-solvent phase from the residue phase of pyridine-hydrogen halide complex and recovering trimer from the solvent phase and recycling the pyridine-hydrogen halide phase to a subsequent procedure conducted in the same manner. The process can also be adapted to produce linear species in high yield also.

Abstract: Polyetheroxy-substituted polyphosphazenes useful in making solid electrolytes are purified by dissolving the impure polyphosphazene in water at a low temperature (e.g. below 40.degree. C.) and heating the water solution to a temperature high enough to cause the purified polyphosphazene to precipitate (e.g. above 50.degree. C.).

Abstract: Cyclic phosphonitrilic halides are formed rapidly and in high yield in a controllable multi-step process including the step of reacting a nitrogenous base (e.g. pyridine) with a phosphorus tetrahalide (e.g. phosphorus pentachloride) in a suitable inert liquid reaction medium (e.g. monochlorobenzene) to form a complex and in a subsequent step reacting this complex with an ammonium halide (e.g. ammonium chloride) at a temperature above about 90.degree. C. up to the reflux temperature of the reaction medium to form cyclic phosphonitrilic halides, mainly trimer.

Abstract: Coking in and around the injector nozzles of indirect injection compression ignition engines is reduced by means of distillate fuel with which has been blended suitable concentrations of (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, and (ii) a carboxylic acid ester.Also described are additive mixtures of (i) and (ii) for use in distillate fuels in amounts sufficient to reduce the coking tendencies of such fuels when used in the operation of indirect injection compression ignition engines.

Abstract: A 4-cyclohexenylpyridine is brominatively aromatized to the corresponding 4-phenylpyridine by brominating the cyclohexenylpyridine, such as a 4-(halocyclohexenyl)pyridine, especially a 4-(4-halocyclohex-3-enyl)pyridine hydrochloride, and heating the brominated product in the presence or absence of any added base or hydrogen acceptor to form, e.g., a 4-(halophenyl)pyridine. The invention is of particular utility in the manufacture of intermediates of antibacterial 1-alkyl-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(4-pyridyl)-3-quinolinecarboxylic acids.

Abstract: An apparatus for the manufacture of selectively apertured thermoplastic sheet or film, comprising a rotatable molding element means for receiving the film and which means has a predetermined pattern therein wherein as the film is contacted with the rotatable molding element means and a fluid pressure differential is applied to the surface of the film, a desired pattern of perforated areas and non-perforated areas are imparted to the film with each of said areas being continuous across the web of the film and alternating in the machine direction.

Abstract: An asphaltic composition of enhanced utility for vehicular pavement is described. It comprises a road paving grade of asphalt in admixture with a small amount of an alkylene dithiocarbamate such as methylene bis(dibutyldithiocarbamate) characterized by having a reduced increase in absolute viscosity to original absolute viscosity after thin film aging as measured by ASTM Test D 1754 at 140.degree. F. Such compositions exhibit enhanced resistance to oxidative degradation of the type normally experienced by road paving grades of asphalt.

Abstract: Ether disulfonates or mixtures of ether monosulfonates and ether disulfonates are disclosed as useful surfactants in the recovery of oil.

Abstract: Lubricating oils having improved antioxidant and anti-wear properties are obtained by adding a minor amount of a reaction product made by reacting at least one aliphatic olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbon containing from about 8 to 36 carbon atoms (preferably an .alpha.-olefin) concurrently with sulfur and at least one fatty acid ester (preferably an oil such as cottonseed oil) to obtain a reaction intermediate and reacting this intermediate with additional sulfur and a dimer of cyclopentadiene or lower C.sub.1-4 alkyl substituted cyclopentadiene dimers, such as methylcyclopentadiene dimer.

Abstract: A system is described enabling the flow of gaseous substances to be altered or switched from one line to another as desired without need for lubricants or having parts in continuous frictional contact with each other. In essence, the system is composed of (a) a first chamber having a gas entry port, and a pair of gas exit ports; (b) a second chamber adapted to receive gas flowing through one of the exit ports, and additionally having a gas discharge port and a separate gas inlet port to receive another flow of gas; (c) a third chamber adapted to receive gas flowing through the other of the exit ports, and additionally having a gas discharge port and a separate gas inlet port to receive another flow of gas; and (d) an internal valve for alternatively sealing off one or the other of the gas exit ports. Preferably, the valve is magnetically actuated by means of a sub-system which is itself pneumatically actuated. The advantage of using the system in MOCVD are described.

Abstract: An apparatus for the manufacture of selectively apertured thermoplastic sheet or film, comprising a rotatable molding element means for receiving the film and which means has a predetermined pattern therein wherein as the film is contacted with the rotatable molding element means and a fluid pressure differential is applied to the surface of the film, a desired pattern of perforated areas and non-perforated areas are imparted to the film with each of said areas being continuous across the web of the film and alternating in the machine direction.

Abstract: Arylisothiocyanates are prepared by reacting a primary arylamine with carbon disulfide in the presence of a tertiary amine.

Abstract: A process for the production of high purity silane by reacting silicon tetrafluoride exclusively with sodium aluminum tetrahydride, potassium aluminum tetrahydride, or a mixture of sodium aluminum tetrahydride and potassium aluminum tetrahydride, preferably in an inert liquid reaction medium comprising an ether. The inventive process is a highly advantageous and economical route to silane since it also produces valuable fluoride salt.

Abstract: A process for preparing ring-halogenated vinyl aromatic monomers comprising reacting ring-halogenated (alpha- or beta-bromoethyl)benzenes or ring-halogenated (alpha- or beta-bromoethyl)toluenes with a strong aqueous alkali base in the presence of a poly(ethylene glycol) catalyst and an amine selected from the group consisting of the structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, and R.sub.5 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkyl groups. The organic phase is separated, washed and neutralized and the ring-halogenated vinyl aromatic monomer is recovered.

Abstract: A process using heterogeneous resin-bonded aluminum phenoxide catalyst to alkylate phenols, the catalyst per se, and a process for making the catalyst. The inventive alkylation process uses ortho-tert-butylphenoxide bonded to a phenolformaldehyde condensation resin heterogeneous catalyst to prepare 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol from isobutylene and ortho-tert-butylphenol.

Abstract: Silicon carbide production by pyrolysis of polycarbosilane polymers formed by prior art methods is fraught with defects. These can be obviated by utilizing as the polycarbosilane polymer, a poly(silmethylene) formed by polymerizing 1,3-disilacyclobutane with a ring-opening catalyst of a Group VIII element of atomic number 44 or above, preferably a Pt-containing catalyst, in an inert liquid medium and under an inert atmosphere. At pyrolysis temperatures of at least about 900.degree. C., silicon carbride in a crystalline state is formed. The poly(silmethylene) may be molded or shaped into various forms such as fibers before being subjected to the pyrolysis.

Abstract: Mixtures of aromatic diamines, polyurethanes made therefrom, and processes for the preparation of the polyurethanes. The mixtures of aromatic diamines of the invention comprise a first aromatic diamine having a machine gel time of about 1 to 4 seconds in a 50,000 psi modulus RIM formulation reaction and the second aromatic diamine having a slower machine gel time of about 1.5 to 15 times that of the first aromatic diamine. The mixtures provide gel times of about 2.5 to 10 seconds, suitable for filling large molds such as automotive body panels. The novel aromatic diamine mixtures allow use of larger proportions of diamine to provide polyurethanes which are rigid but not brittle at demold and have unexpectedly superior flexural modulus properties. The polyurethanes formed with the chain extender mixtures of the invention have flexural modulus superior to polyurethanes formed from either of the diamines individually.