Abstract: This disclosure includes an activatable oxygen scavenger used as a part of a packaging structure for comestibles.

Abstract: A multi-layer paperless sheet structure having an oriented substructure is provided for making tubular containers for packaging dentrifice and other products. The sheet structure comprises a unique combination of polymer layers, including a uniaxially oriented polymer (polypropylene or high density polyethylene) layer. The sheet structure has two exterior heat sealable surfaces for forming the tubular containers by lap heat seal and the resulting containers exhibit improved strength and deadfold retention properties. A method is also provided for forming the sheet structure with its oriented substructure.

Abstract: A plastic laminate sheet for making collapsible dispensing container comprises an outer layer of filled-plastic made of polypropylene or a blend of polypropylene, and high density polyethylene, and a filler, preferably calcium carbonate, incorporated therein. The outer filled-plastic layer is coextensively bonded to an inner layer of high density polyethylene to form the laminate sheet. An intermediate layer of an oxygen barrier plastic may be interposed in the laminate sheet in order to impart oxygen impermeability thereto.

Abstract: A collapsible dispensing tube has a multi-layer sheet material sealed over its dispensing orifice to provide a hermetically sealed tube. The multi-layer sealant sheet comprises two layers of metal foil separated by a polymer layer firmly adhered to the metal foil layers. A polymeric layer is adhered to the outer surface of one of the metal foil layers and serves to seal the tube orifice. The laminated sheet may be sealed across the orifice by the application of radio-frequency energy.

Abstract: A laminate web, suitable for conversion into a container for degenerative products, is produced from aluminum foil and an extrusion coating of an ethylene/acrylic acid-type copolymer, utilizing a polyacrylic acid chromium complex primer to enhance the bond at the interface. The laminate web will usually be formed into a tube with the copolymer disposed on the product side, which can advantageously be used to package fluoride toothpaste, and the like.

Abstract: A multiple layer polymeric-based sheet structure is suitable for forming dispensing tubes. The abuse resistance of the tube is improved by incorporating in the sheet structure a layer of oriented polypropylene. A layer of linear low density polyethylene provides for heat sealing and has substantially improved stress crack resistance and resistance to generation of polydust.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing of workpieces comprising the steps of continuously transferring the workpieces to and fro among a plurality of rotating members, wherein each member carries a plurality of sets of work stations. Workpieces, such as precut tubular sleeves, and tube heads, are sealed to form containers, utilizing continuously rotating turrets and cooperating rotating members designed to produce such containers efficiently and at high rate of production.

Abstract: A tertiary olefin is produced by contacting a gaseous tertiary ether usually represented by the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are alkyl groups each having 1-4 carbon atoms which may be same or different and R.sup.4 is an alkyl group having 1-3 carbon atoms, with a catalyst obtained by calcining a silica-alumina compound at 700.degree.-1100.degree. C. in order to effect cracking of the tertiary ether. This reaction may be carried out in the presence of steam to result in further improvements.

Abstract: This disclosure includes an activatable oxygen scavenger used as a part of a packaging structure for comestibles.

Abstract: A plastic laminate sheet for making collapsible dispensing container comprises an outer layer of filled-plastic made of polypropylene or a blend of polypropylene, and high density polyethylene, and a filler, preferably calcium carbonate, incorporated therein. The outer filled-plastic layer is coextensively bonded to an inner layer of high density polyethylene to form the laminate sheet. An intermediate layer of an oxygen barrier plastic may be interposed in the laminate sheet in order to impart oxygen impermeability thereto.

Abstract: A multi-layer laminate structure comprises a separate layer of scrap produced from the several thermoplastic resins used in making the laminate structure. In a preferred construction, the multi-layer laminate structure comprises an outer thermoplastic polyolefin layer, an inner thermoplastic polyolefin layer and an intermediate oxygen barrier layer preferably made of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer. An adhesive layer bonds the barrier layer to the inner polyolefin layer and a separate scrap layer is disposed interiorly of the outer polyolefin layer. A second adhesive layer bonds the scrap layer to the intermediate barrier layer. Containers having excellent oxygen barrier properties and good transparency are made by forming a parison from the multilayer laminate structure and blow molding the parison to the desired container shape.

Abstract: A perforated plastic film is produced by forming a pattern of light absorbing material (e.g., in dot and/or circular forms) on the film and subjecting the printed film to radiant energy from a light source in order to melt the film areas covered with the light absorbing material, thus producing a corresponding plurality of perforations in the plastic film.

Abstract: In the production of metal cans, a sheet metal body plate (blank) is scored with aligned upper and lower score lines and then formed into a cylindrical single can body. Preferably the scoring is in steps; first, scoring the upper score line using a scoring roller and an anvil wheel; and, secondly, scoring the lower score line using a second scoring roller and a second anvil wheel. Then the single can bodies are conveyed by a conveyor belt and rolled over the knife edge (parting edge) of an elongated parting rail, with the parting edge aligned with the score line and with the conveyor applying pressure on each can body to part each one on the parting edge, thereby forming two can bodies from the single can body.

Abstract: A composition useful in supplemental oil recovery from subterranean geological formations which composition includes a lignosulfonate that has been reacted with a halocarboxylic acid in an aqueous alkaline medium; and the process of introducing this composition into subterranean formations and reservoirs for the purpose of recovering additional petroleum therefrom.

Abstract: A pipe section positioning apparatus may be located partially below ground surface level, for example, in a trench to accurately lower and position heavy pipe sections, for example, concrete drain pipe sections, under control of a single operator who has an unobstructed view of the interior of the apparatus. The apparatus includes a body which may be positioned partially beneath ground level, an operator's platform attached to the body above ground level, an elevator within the body, a pipe cradle which is raised and lowered by the elevator and which temporarily holds a pipe section, a horizontally aligned track which is partially positioned beneath the pipe cradle to receive the pipe section and which is horizontally aligned, a ram which moves the pipe section horizontally on the track, and a pipe clamp assembly which clamps the pipe section and which then may be moved, under operator control, horizontally to accurately position and pipe section so that it may be joined with a previously laid pipe section.

Abstract: This invention relates to lignosulfonate derivatives and alkali metal salts thereof derived from sulfite waste liquor that has been subjected to alkaline oxidation, hydrolysis and partial desulfonation with subsequent resulfonation; and followed by one or more addition and double decomposition and reactions thereof; as well as the method of cementing subterranean geological formations penetrated by well bores utilizing these additives in well cementing compositions.

Abstract: A method is provided for fractionation of oil obtained by pyrolysis of lignocellulosic materials to obtain useful chemical fractions, including a phenolic fraction which is suitable as a total or partial replacement for phenol in making phenol-formaldehyde resins. The method comprises mixing the oil with a strong base such as sodium hydroxide to a pH level at which the neutral fraction of the oil is selectively soluble in a solvent such as methylene chloride or ether, and the mixture is extracted with the solvent to obtain a first extract containing the solvent and the neutral fraction, and a first raffinate containing the remaining fractions of the oil, i.e., the phenolic fraction, the organic acids fraction and an amorphous residue. The neutral fraction is recovered by distillation and the first raffinate is mixed with sulfuric acid to lower its pH to a level at which the phenolic fraction is selectively soluble in the solvent.

Abstract: This invention relates to lignosulfonate derivatives and alkali metal salts thereof derived from sulfite waste liquor that has been subjected to alkaline oxidation, hydrolysis and partial desulfonation with subsequent resulfonation; and followed by one or more addition and double decomposition and reactions thereof; as well as the method of cementing subterranean geological formations penetrated by well bores utilizing these additives in well cementing compositions.

Abstract: A hermetically sealed pouch, being safe for the storage of foods, avoiding giving a taste to enclosed food, the filled pouch being able to withstand cooking temperatures typically used to cook food.