Abstract: An apparatus and method for coherent phase demodulation of a binary phase shift keyed carrier includes sequentially processing plus and minus polarity samples of plural carrier segments occurring within each carrier data symbol. The samples for each segment provide a binary coded signal for producing corresponding first and second relative phase angle vector signals. The second vector signals are summed over several data symbols to generate reference phase angle signal vector signals. Correlation signals are produced from phase comparison of each of the first vectors with the reference vector signals. The correlation signals are summed in a synchronized relationship for the carrier segments included in each data symbol. The sums of the correlation signals represent either positive or negative correlations with the one and zero data bits of the carrier data symbols.

Abstract: A current transformer is encapsulated in an injection molded layer of insulating material. The current transformer includes a secondary terminal assembly having individual terminals mounted on a terminal board. The terminal board is formed of a material that softens within the normal processing temperature range of the encapsulating material and forms an amalgamation therewith without a distinct interface between the terminal board and the encapsulating material which thereby provides a fluid-tight seal around the terminal assembly. The individual terminals have an intermediate shoulder disposed adjacent the top surface of the terminal board to prevent the molding material from covering the terminal assembly during the injection molding operation and, further, to provide a sealing surface for the molding material around the terminal assembly. A shorting bar is rotatably mounted between the terminals and rotates between a closed position shorting the terminals and an open non-shorting position.

Abstract: An iron core shunt reactor is constructed of a plurality of foil windings coaxially positioned along an iron core a discrete distance from each other. A coolant circulates axially along the core and radially outward between each of the foil windings providing the shunt reactor with improved thermal characteristics.

Abstract: A polyphase time overcurrent detector provides a variably delayed control signal wherein the delay is inversely related to both the current magnitude and the number of faulted phases. Current transducers produce input signals representative of the current flowing in each phase of the polyphase system. The input signals are added together to produce a charging signal. If at the end of a predetermined time period the fault has not been cleared, the charging signal will begin to charge a capacitor. If the capacitor charges to a predetermined voltage level within a fixed time period, the control signal is initiated.

Abstract: A high voltage seismic bushing charged with an insulating material has a procelain tube having an adapter rigidly connected to one end of the tube. The adapter is flexibly connected to a mounting flange such that the porcelain tube is free to move relative to the mounting flange in the event of an earthquake. The means for flexibly connecting the adapter to the mounting flange utilizes a spring mechanism to absorb the energy through friction to attenuate the movement of the porcelain tube. A resilient buffer member is interposed between the adapter and the mounting flange to provide a predetermined spacing therebetween and absorb the impact due to the movement of the adapter relative to the mounting flange. A sealing member seals the interface between the adapter and the mounting flange for containing the insulating material charged therein.

Abstract: An electric energy meter has a programmable time based measuring system carried in a sealed enclosure for mounting the meter at a metering location. A radiation sensitive external data interface receives and transmits data encoded radiations through a transparent communications window of the enclosure. Pulse data is processed by the external data interface in serial data bit transmissions in and out of the measuring system for programming, readout and testing of the system.

Abstract: A network protector relay produces a close signal entirely from sequence components based on the magnitude and phase relationships between the positive sequence component of the phase-to-ground voltages on the network side of the protector and the positive sequence component of the phasing voltages. The close signal may be inhibited by either the presence of the negative sequence component of the phase-to-ground voltages on the network side of the protector or if a trip contact is closed. The trip contact will be closed under certain specified conditions which make it advantageous to prevent manual closing of the contacts.

Abstract: A portable programmer-reader unit for programmable time registering AC electric energy meters utilizing replaceable program control data includes plural memory locations for programming, time and date synchronization, readout, and monitoring of the coded values of identical data items included in the meter program control data. A visual display provides numerical readouts of the data items including meter readings for different time categories of electric energy measurement by said meter and indication of error condtions. Manual control and a data entry inputs control meter data communication, readouts of the visual display and modification of the data items stored in the programmer-reader unit for programming the meter. Power conserving logic circuits extend field use while operating with a battery power supply.

Abstract: An injection transformer has a primary winding series connected with a pair of inverse parallel-connected thyristors between a pair of input terminals. A control circuit is connected across a pair of output terminals for firing the thyristors. The injection transformer has a secondary winding connected between one of the input terminals and one of the output terminals for producing an injection voltage. A filter has components presenting a high impedance to the harmonic frequencies of the injection voltage and a low impedance to the fundamental frequency of the injection voltage, and has components presenting a high impedance to the fundamental frequency of the injection voltage and a low impedance to the harmonic frequencies of the injection voltage.

Abstract: An AC electric energy meter includes a metering sequence logic control circuit for receiving pulses responsive to an AC energy quantity to be measured. Electric energy parameters are measured by the control circuit as it concurrently registers clock time and calendar data. A programmable rate selection table controls variable time intervals for accumulating different parameters during predetermined daily time measuring categories corresponding to different billing rates. The rate selection table includes plural rate switch control points defining daily measuring times nominally on a day of the week basis. A programmable yearly date code table designates days during the year for still different daily code times. The measured parameters are stored in separate electronic registers so as to have coded values of kilowatthours and/or kilowatt demand for direct electronic display in a multiplexed and reoccurring sequential order.

Abstract: A first input signal representative of the voltage component is integrated producing an integral signal. The integral signal is compared to fixed reference potentials. A second input signal representative of the current component is sampled when the instantaneous magnitude of the integral signal equals a reference potential. The sample value is digitized and the integrator is reset by variable width reset pulses. Successive sample values are accumulated producing totalized values representative of the time integral of the product of the current component and the time integral of the voltage component, or energy.

Abstract: A high voltage seismic bushing charged with an insulating material has a porcelain tube having an adapter rigidly connected to one end of the tube. A connecting plate is rigidly connected to a mounting flange. The adapter is flexibly connected to the connecting plate such that the porcelain tube is free to move relative to the mounting flange in the event of an earthquake. The means for flexibly connecting the adapter to the connecting plate utilizes a damping mechanism to attenuate the movement of the porcelain tube. A resilient buffer member is interposed between the adapter and the connecting plate to provide a predetermined spacing therebetween and absorb the impact due to the movement of the adapter relative to the connecting plate. A sealing member seals the interface between the adapter and the connecting plate for containing the insulating material charged therein.

Abstract: An electrical energy measuring multimeter for measuring electrical energy consumption is disclosed. The multimeter utilizes a first input signal that is proportional to the time derivative of a current delivered to a load. The first input signal is converted to a train of pulse signals. A second input signal that is proportional to a voltage delivered to the load is compared to a periodic reference signal. This comparison produces a gate command signal which controls a switch. The switch selectively connects the train of pulse signals to a totalizer. The sum of pulses in the totalizer is related to the time integral of the product of the current and voltage delivered to the load.

Abstract: A digital electric energy measuring circuit for totalizing electrical power and energy usage from an alternating current supply by converting a voltage signal representing the current component into a pulse train signal whose frequency is proportional to the magnitude of the voltage, sampling that frequency to provide a digital value representing the current component, and then converting a voltage signal representing the voltage component into a second pulse train signal whose frequency is proportional to the magnitude of the voltage which is used to control the rate that the digitized value of the current component is successively added which provides an indication of electrical energy that is totalized and displayed.

Abstract: A first input signal representative of the voltage component is integrated producing an integral signal. The integral signal is compared to fixed reference potentials. A second input signal representative of the time derivative of the current component is continuously integrated by a counter producing a signal representative of the current component. When the instantaneous magnitude of the integral signal equals a reference potential the signal representative of the current component is sampled and the integral signal is reset. Each sample value is representative of the product of the current component and the time integral of the voltage component. Successive sample values are accumulated producing totalized values representative of energy.

Abstract: A current divider having two major current paths and a shunting current path is disclosed. The shunting current path connects the two major current paths at a point on each major current path such that the shunting current path connects points which have slightly different voltage potentials. This slight difference in voltage potentials causes a current to flow in the shunting current path. The current that flows in the shunting current path is a predetermined fraction of the total current and is primarily dependent on the difference in voltage potentials which is a function of the location of the shunting current path. The current that flows in the shunting current path is substantially independent of the ratio of the cross-sectional areas and/or the inverse lengths of the current paths in that for a given cross-sectional area of the shunting current path various values for the current split off may be obtained by varying the location of the shunting current path.

Abstract: A capacitive angular displacement transducer having a rotor plate and a first and second stator plates is disclosed. The rotor plate is coaxially mounted between, and parallel to, the first and second stator plates. The first stator plate is divided into four excitation areas each being impressed with a sinusoidal excitation voltage having a different phase angle. The rotor plate has a first face having two conductive patterns. The two conductive patterns act as resolvers to produce resultant voltages from the vector addition of the voltages variably capacitively coupled thereon due to the excitation voltages. The rotor plate has a second face having two annular conductive areas electrically connected to the conductive patterns of the first rotor face. The second rotor face together with the second stator plate form a constant capacitive pickup for the resultant voltages produced by the two conductive patterns of the first rotor face.