Abstract: There is provided a method for selectivating a zeolite, such as ZSM-5 which may result in functionalization of the zeolite with at least one organosiliceous group of the formula, SiR.sub.n (OX).sub.4-n, where R is at least one hydrocarbyl group, n is 1 or 2 and X is Si or H. This selectivation method involves vapor phase treatment of a zeolite with an organosilicon compound having at least 2 silicon atoms. This organosilicon compound may be a silicone compound, such as hexamethyldisiloxane, or a silane compound such as hexamethyldisilane. This contacting may take place in the presence of hydrogen and an organic carrier. The functionalized zeolites may provide a catalyst which is both highly active and highly selective for converting aromatic hydrocarbons, especially alkylbenzene compounds, to products comprising the para-isomer of dialkylbenzenes. The disproportionation of toluene is an example of such a reaction.

Abstract: There are provided a catalyst, a method for making this catalyst, and a process for using this catalyst in the alkylation of an isoparaffin with an olefin to provide an alkylate. The catalyst may be made from an as-synthesized material which, upon calcination, is capable of generating zeolites designated MCM-22. The as-synthesized material is then combined with a binder material, such as alumina, by an extrusion process. The uncalcined bound material may then be ammonium exchanged, followed by a calcination treatment. The as-synthesized material may also be swollen with a suitable swelling agent, such as a cetyltrimethylammonium compound, prior to the binding process.

Abstract: There is provided a method for preparing an alumina bound, zeolite catalyst, wherein a zeolite of low silanol content is used as the source of zeolite used to prepare the catalyst. A particular zeolite used in this catalyst is zeolite Y. This catalyst may be combined with at least one hydrogenation component and used to hydrocrack hydrocarbons, such as gas oils. In particular, an NiW/USY/alumina catalyst may be used in a hydrocracking reaction to produce distillate boiling range hydrocarbons from higher boiling hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A process and catalyst for Shape Selective Hydrocarbon Conversions such as the regioselective disproportionation of toluene to para-xylene wherein hydrocarbon to be converted is passed over a catalytic molecular sieve which is trim selectivated with a reaction stream comprising toluene and a silicon-containing high efficiency p-xylene selectivating agent under toluene conversion conditions. The toluene disproportionation process attains a single-pass para-xylene product over 95% coupled with a toluene conversion of at least 15%. The present invention also includes the highly para-selective catalyst which results from the treatment of a catalytic molecular sieve with a high efficiency p-xylene selectivating agent under the recited conditions.

Abstract: A ex situ selectivated catalytic molecular sieve for enhanced shape selective hydrocarbon conversions in which a catalytic molecular sieve is modified by being exposed to at least two selectivation sequences, each sequence including an impregnation of the molecular sieve with a selectivating agent and a subsequent calcination of the impregnated molecular sieve. The ex situ selectivation method is also described, including the use of aqueous carriers for the selecting agent. Also a method for in situ trim-selectivating the modified catalytic molecular sieve. Also, a method for moderate steaming of the selectivated molecular sieve. Also a method for in situ trim-selectivating the modified catalytic molecular sieve. Also described is the process for shape selective hydrocarbon conversion comprising contacting a hydrocarbon feedstream under conversion conditions with the selectivated molecular sieve.

Abstract: There is provided a process for the liquid phase synthesis of ethylbenzene with a zeolite designated MCM-49. The process involves the alkylation of benzene with ethylene under liquid phase conditions.

Abstract: An ex situ selectivated catalytic molecular sieve for enhanced shape selective hydrocarbon conversions in which a catalytic molecular sieve is modified by being exposed to at least two selectivation sequences, each sequence including an impregnation of the molecular sieve with a selectivating agent and a subsequent calcination of the impregnated molecular sieve. The ex situ selectivation method is also described, including the use of low volatility organic carriers for the selectivating agent. Also, a method for moderate steaming of the ex situ selectivated molecular sieve. Also a method for in situ trim-selectivating the ex situ selectivated catalytic molecular sieve. Also described is the process for shape selective hydrocarbon conversion comprising contacting a hydrocarbon feedstream under conversion conditions with the modified catalytic molecular sieve.

Abstract: A method for the selective disproportionation of a substituted aromatic compound wherein the aromatic compound is passed over a catalytic molecular sieve which has been pre-selectivated with a silicon deposit and then subsequently treated with a silicon-containing, high efficiency p-xylene selectivating agent at conversion conditions. The present invention attains para-xylene product over 95% at a toluene conversion of at least 20%. The present invention also includes the highly para-selective catalyst which results from the pre-selectivation and subsequent treatment of a catalytic molecular sieve with a high efficiency p-xylene selectivating agent under the recited conditions.

Abstract: There is provided a catalyst comprising a heteropoly acid, such as phosphotungstic acid, supported on a mesoporous crystalline material, such as M41S. A particular form of this M41S support is designated as MCM-41. There is also provided a method for preparing this catalyst by impregnating the heteropoly acid on the support. There is also provided a process for using this catalyst to catalyze acid catalyzed reactions, such as the isomerization of paraffins and the alkylation of aromatics.

Abstract: The transfer of hydrogen from a paraffin to an olefin is provided. This reaction may be carried out in the presence of a catalyst, such as MCM-36. Especially when the paraffin reactant is an isoparaffin, the olefin produced from the reacted isoparaffin may react with unreacted isoparaffin to also produce an alkylate product.

Abstract: A process for a shape selective hydrocarbon conversion such as toluene disproportionation involves contacting a reaction stream under conversion conditions with a catalytic molecular sieve which has been pre-selectivated and concurrently activated by contact with a substantially aqueous solution of an organosilicon compound. The invention also includes a method for concurrently preselectivating and activating a catalyst and the shape selectivated, activated catalyst which results from this method.

Abstract: Relatively short chain alkyl aromatic compounds are prepared by alkylating an alkylatable aromatic compound with a relatively short chain alkylating agent under sufficient reaction conditions in the presence of a catalyst comprising zeolite MCM-56. The liquid phase syntheses of ethylbenzene and cumene are particular examples of such MCM-56 catalyzed reactions.

Abstract: There is provided a process for reacting a 2-arylethanol, such as 2-phenethanol, with an aromatic compound, such as toluene, to produce a 1,2-diarylethane, such as 2-phenethyltoluene. The reaction involves the use of a catalyst comprising an acidic solid oxide, such as ZSM-5, zeolite Beta, MCM-22 or ZSM-12.

Abstract: There is provided a process for the net catalytic oxidative dehydrogenation of alkanes to produce alkenes. The process involves simultaneous equilibrium dehydrogenation of alkanes to alkenes and combustion of the hydrogen formed to drive the equilibrium dehydrogenation reaction further to the product alkenes. In the present reaction, the alkane feed is dehydrogenated over an equilbrium dehydrogenation catalyst in a first reactor, and the effluent from the first reactor is then passed into a second reactor containing a reducible metal oxide which serves to selectively combust hydrogen in an oxidation/reduction (REDOX) reaction. This particular mode of operation is termed a separate reactor, REDOX mode.

Abstract: A process for shape selective hydrocarbon conversion that involves contacting a hydrocarbon feedsteam, including ethylbenzene, under conversion conditions with a catalytic molecular sieve which has been modified by being ex situ selectivated with a silicon compound. The ex situ selectivation involves exposing the molecular sieve to at least two silicon impregnation sequences, each sequence comprising an impregnation with a silicon compound followed by calcination. The modified catalyst used in the process may also be steamed. Optionally, the modified catalyst may be trim-selectivated.

Abstract: A ex situ selectivated catalytic molecular sieve for enhanced shape selective hydrocarbon conversions in which a catalytic molecular sieve is modified by being exposed to at least two selectivation sequences, each sequence including an impregnation of the molecular sieve with a selectivating agent and a subsequent calcination of the impregnated molecular sieve. The ex situ selectivation method is also described, including the use of aqueous carriers for the selecting agent. Also a method for in situ trim-selectivating the modified catalytic molecular sieve. Also, a method for moderate steaming of the selectivated molecular sieve. Also a method for in situ trim-selectivating the modified catalytic molecular sieve. Also described is the process for shape selective hydrocarbon conversion comprising contacting a hydrocarbon feedstream under conversion conditions with the selectivated molecular sieve.

Abstract: There is provided a catalytic method for converting nitrogen oxides to nitrogen (i.e., N.sub.2). The catalyst for this method comprises an acidic solid component comprising a Group IVB metal oxide modified with an oxyanion of a Group VIB metal. An example of this catalyst is zirconia, modified with tungstate. This method may be used for reducing emissions of nitrogen oxides from waste gases, including industrial exhaust gases and automobile exhaust gases. In a particular embodiment, nitrogen oxides in waste gases may be reacted with ammonia before the waste gases are discharged to the atmosphere.

Abstract: There is provided a process and a catalyst for hydrocracking hydrocarbons, such as gas oils. The catalyst comprises a hydrogenating metal and small crystal size zeolite Y. The zeolite Y may have a crystal size of less than one micron. Examples of hydrogenating metals include nickel and tungsten.

Abstract: There is provided a process for isomerizing and/or disproportionating a paraffin over a catalyst comprising MCM-36. Examples of paraffins which may be isomerized and/or disproportionated include those having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms. The reaction may take place in the presence or absence of cofed hydrogen, and the catalyst may optionally include a hydrogenation metal, such as platinum. An example of a particular reaction is the disproportionation of isopentane to produce a product comprising isobutane and branched hexanes.

Abstract: There is provided a process for regenerating a coked catalyst comprising a zeolite and a noble metal such as platinum. The process involves treating the coked catalyst under somewhat mild oxidation conditions, whereby a sufficient portion of the coke is removed from the catalyst to restore the hydrocarbon sorption properties of the zeolite component to the level observed in the non-coked form. Surprisingly, the original activity of the catalyst is substantially restored, even though a substantial amount of coke remains on the regenerated catalyst.