Abstract: There is provided a process for the liquid-phase synthesis of an alkylbenzene, such as ethylbenzene, using a particular MCM-22 zeolite catalyst which has been hydrated with liquid water.

Abstract: Layered divalent metal pentavalent metallate, M(HAO.sub.4).sub.x (RAO.sub.3).sub.y (Z).sub.z wherein M is divalent metal, A is a pentavalent metal, e.g. phosphorus, R is a substituent group other than H or OH, e.g., phenyl, covalently bonded to A, x+y=1, y is greater than 0, z ranges from 0 to 2, inclusive, and Z is an intercalated moiety is prepared by contacting a source of divalent metal with a substituted phosphonic acid-type compound under hydrothermal conditions.

Abstract: There is provided a method for pillaring a layered silicate, such as kenyaite, with polymeric oxide by using a single step treatment with a mixture of swelling agent and pillar precursor. The swelling agent may be an organic cation, such as a cetyltrimethylammonium cation, and the pillar precursor may be a compound which is capable of hydrolyzing to form a polymeric oxide. Tetraethylorthosilicate is an example of such a pillar precursor.

Abstract: There is provided a process for converting methane to hydrocarbons having at least two carbon atoms. The process involves contacting methane with an oxidizing agent, such as oxygen, at a relatively moderate temperature of less than about 700.degree. C. and a relatively high pressure of greater than about 20 atmospheres.

Abstract: There is provided a method for preparing a zeolite other than ZSM-5 from a reaction mixture comprising a mixed organic directing agent which is a combination of (a) an organic nitrogen containing compound such as an amine or a quaternary ammonium compound and (b) an alcohol and/or diol. Particular zeolites synthesized by this method include ZSM-22 and ZSM-23. The use of an alcohol or a diol may inhibit the coformation of ZSM-5. Especially when used to prepare ZSM-23, this method enables the preparation of more catalytically active ZSM-23 of reduced crystallite size and also enables the use of lower crystallization temperatures. Particular mixed organic directing agents for the preparation of ZSM-23 are combination of (a) pyrrolidine and (b) ethanol or ethylene glycol.

Abstract: There is provided a process for oligomerizing propylene by contacting propylene with silica modified zeolites. The modification of the zeolite with silica results in a product which is enriched in hydrocarbons falling within the boiling range of jet fuel (330.degree.-480.degree. F.) and diesel fuel (480.degree.-650.degree. F.). The zeolite may be ZSM-5, which may be modified by sorbing methylhydrogensilicone into the pores of the zeolite followed by calcination to convert the sorbed methylhydrogensilicone into amorphous silica.

Abstract: There is provided a process for the direct partial oxidation of methane with oxygen, whereby organic compounds comprising higher hydrocarbons are produced. The catalyst used in this reaction is a ZnZSM-5 catalyst. This catalyst may be prepared by ion exchanging or impregnating a ZSM-5 catalyst with a suitable zinc salt such as zinc nitrate.

Abstract: Low acidity refractory oxide-bound zeolite catalysts, for example, silica-bound ultrastable Y zeolite, possessing physical properties, e.g., crush strength, similar to those of their alumina-bound counterparts are described. Since low acidity refractory oxide-bound catalysts are inherently less active than alumina-bound zeolite catalysts, the former are particularly useful in hydrocarbon conversion processes in which reduced coke make increases catalyst cycle length. Due to their stability in acid environments, the low acidity refractory oxide-bound zeolite extrudate herein can be acid treated without unduly compromising its structural integrity.

Abstract: Relatively long chain alkyl aromatic compounds are prepared by alkylating an alkylatable aromatic compound with a relatively long chain alkylating agent under alkylation reaction conditions in the presence of a layered material as an alkylation catalyst. The layered material contains titanate in the layers and oxide pillars separating the layers. The layers also contain vacancies and/or metals incorporated therein. The degree of alkylation is a function of the interplanar d-spacing of the pillared material, which is, in turn a function of the chain length of the swelling agent used to prepare the layered material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for modifying a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite having a Constraint Index of from about to about 12 which comprises:a) steaming the as synthesized crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite containing organic template material to decompose at least a portion of said template material and to extract zeolitic aluminum; and,b) contacting the zeolite resulting from step (a) in the ammonium, alkali metal or hydrogen form with a dealuminizing agent which forms a water-soluble complex with aluminum to remove a further quantity of zeolitic aluminum therefrom.

Abstract: There is provided a process for cracking hydrocarbon feedstocks which include large hydrocarbon molecules. Examples of such feedstocks are those which include a large proportion of resids. The catalyst used in this process comprises a layered silicate, such as magadiite, containing interspathic polymeric silica which serves to prop open the layers.

Abstract: There are provided aromatic conversion reactions for preparation of dialkylbenzenes, such as xylene and ethyltoluene, of enhanced para isomer content with a zeolitic catalyst composition of improved shape selectivity. The catalysts comprise certain zeolites which have been calcined at a high temperature of at least 649.degree. C. (i.e., 1200.degree. F.). These zeolites have a silica/alumina ratio of at least about 12 and a constraint index within the approximate range of 1 to 12. Examples of such zeolites include ZSM-5 and ZSM-11.

Abstract: Therein is provided a process for the aromatization of non-aromatic hydrocarbons having at least two carbon atoms. The non-aromatic feed is contacted with a catalyst which includes gallium or zinc which is incorporated into or onto a pillared layered silicate. A preferred pillared layered silicate is kenyaite containing interspathic silica.

Abstract: A process for producing substantially linear hydrocarbons by oligomerizing a lower olefin at elevated temperature and pressure which comprises contacting the lower olefin under oligomerization/polymerization conditions with siliceous acidic ZSM-23 zeolite having Bronsted acid activity; wherein the zeolite has acidic pore activity and wherein the zeolite surface is rendered substantially inactive for acidic reactions. The zeolite surface can be neutralized by a bulky pyridine compound having an effective cross-section larger than the zeolite pore. The preferred deactivating agent is 2,4,6-collidine, which may be applied to the zeolite as a pretreatment or added with olefin feed in a continuous process. The olefin oligomers may be used as alkylating agents to prepare biodegradable alkylbenzenes and alkylphenylsulfonates. A preferred catalyst for this alkylation reaction is dealuminized mordenite.

Abstract: There is provided a process for the direct partial oxidation of methane with oxygen, whereby hydrocarbons having at least two carbon atoms are produced. The catalyst used in this reaction is a spinel oxide such as ZnMn.sub.2 O.sub.4.

Abstract: There is provided a process for the direct partial oxidation of methane with oxygen, whereby organic compounds comprising higher hydrocarbons are produced. The catalyst used in this reaction is an NiZSM-5 catalyst. This catalyst may be prepared by ion exchanging or impregnating a ZSM-5 catalyst with a suitable nickel salt such as nickel nitrate.

Abstract: There is provided a process for the direct partial oxidation of methane with oxygen, whereby organic compounds comprising higher hydrocarbons are produced. The catalyst used in this reaction is a GaZSM-5 catalyst. This catalyst may be prepared by ion exchanging or impregnating a ZSM-5 catalyst with a suitable gallium salt such as gallium nitrate.

Abstract: There is provided a process for the direct partial oxidation of methane with oxygen, whereby organic compounds comprising higher hydrocarbons are produced. The catalyst used in this reaction is a CuZSM-5 catalyst. This catalyst may be prepared by ion exchanging or impregnating a ZSM-5 catalyst with a suitable copper salt such as copper nitrate.

Abstract: A process for hydrocracking 343.degree. C..sup.+ feedstock is disclosed. The process employs a catalyst which comprises a layered silicate, such as magadiite or kenyaite, which contains interspathic polymeric silica. The catalyst also contains at least one base metal, i.e., Cr, Mo, W, Fe, Co, and Ni.

Abstract: There is provided a process for the direct partial oxidation of methane with oxygen, whereby organic compounds comprising higher hydrocarbons including C.sub.5 + liquid hydrocarbons are produced. The catalyst used in this reaction may be a ZSM-5 catalyst. The process involves the use of an initial cofeed, such as propane, in admixture with the methane and oxygen to induce the formation of liquid hydrocarbons. As the reaction progresses, the flow of cofeed is shut off, and liquid hydrocarbons continue to be produced.