Abstract: Linear low density copolymers (LLDPE) are blended with up to about 10 weight percent of an aromatic polymer, e.g., polystyrene or poly(para-methylstyrene), to give films having improved MD tear strength or equivalent MD tear strength and higher stiffness compared to the LLDPE alone. Also, extruder torque is lower and bubble stability is greater in blown film extrusion with the blends as well as in blends in which medium or high density polyethylene is used instead of the LLDPE.

Abstract: Polymer surfaces such as polyethylene or polypropylene films are corona discharge treated in the conventional manner, and then treated with a reducing agent such as aqueous KI to convert the surface functional groups containing oxygen to predominantly hydroxyl groups.

Abstract: Stone chippings of the type used in the manufacture of road surfaces by hotmix and surface dressing techniques, are rendered water resistant, and less susceptible to binder adhesion failure, by treatment with wax, preferably with wax emulsion.

Abstract: Phosphoric acid is produced from dry phosphate ore, matrix by acidulation with sulfur trioxide in the presence of sulfuric acid catalyst to form polyphosphoric acid, treatment with sufficient water to convert the polyphosphoric acid to orthophosphoric acid and extraction with water or organic solvent such as a lower alcohol, particularly methanol or ethanol.

Abstract: The reaction product of a long chain vicinal diol containing at least 10 carbon atoms and at least one sulfur atom in the chain, with dihydrocarbyl hydrogen phosphites are effective friction reducing antiwear additives in lubricating oils, greases and fuels.

Abstract: Polymeric blends comprising linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) as the major constituent (60 percent or more), and polypropylene (PP) or ethylene-propylene copolymer having a high propylene content and ethylene-propylene rubber as minor constituents exhibit improved stiffness, tear and impact strength compared to blends of LLDPE and PP. The blends are suitable for use in the films.

Abstract: A scrubbing pad having an elongated, flattened body with opposed major surfaces of different textures including an abrasive surface such as steel wool, and reticulated foam. The pad has an interior pocket, accessible through a peripheral opening, which is lined with a netting of plastics material to hold a replaceable cleaning material.

Abstract: Water instead of carbon dioxide is substituted for part of the volatile organic blowing agent, e.g., pentane, resulting in extruded foams having a smooth, lustrous drum side skin compared to foams containing only organic blowing agent or organic blowing agent plus carbon dioxide.

Abstract: Carbon molecular sieves are used in the oxidative dehydrogenation of alkyl aromatic compounds, for example, in the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene.

Abstract: Polypropylene films having a coextruded ethylene-vinyl alcohol (EVAL) layer cannot be readily oriented because the orientation temperature for the EVAL layer is somewhat higher. By adding an aryl sulfonamide, such as p-toluenesulfonamide to the EVAL layer its orientation temperature is reduced enabling orientation of the composite film.

Abstract: The tear strength of biaxially oriented polypropylene is improved by adding polyethylene, e.g., about 5-40 weight percent, and an ethylene propylene rubber, e.g., about 1-10 weight percent.

Abstract: Opaque pearlescent polymer films, e.g., polypropylene, containing finely dispersed particles of an incompatible polymer, e.g., nylon, are improved by blending a polymer compatible with the polymer forming continuous film phase to alter its melt rheology and to cause dispersion of the incompatible polymer in small spherical particles with reduced stringiness.

Abstract: Opaque pearlescent polymer films, e.g., polypropylene, containing finely dispersed particles of an incompatible polymer e.g., nylon, are improved by blending a polymeric interfacial agent with the film polymer and the incompatible polymer to give a film having the incompatible polymer dispersed in smaller spherical particles and reduced stringness.

Abstract: Fibers, such as wood fibers, are treated with a solvent solution of a thermoplastic polymer, e.g., polypropylene; the solvent is removed; and the treated fibers are fused into an article such as a fiber-polymer sheet or a board.

Abstract: The properties of linear ethylene polymers, especially linear, low density polyethylene (LLDPE), are improved by adding a chemically modified ethylene polymer to the base resin. The modification is brought about by the use of a free radical generator, preferably an organic peroxy compound such as benzoyl peroxide, optionally with an unsaturated silane such as vinyl trimethoxy silane. The use of the modified resin masterbatch enhances the crystallization of the polymer and improves the melt strength of the polymer, providing greater bubble stability in the blown tubular film extrusion process so that higher operating speeds may be employed. In addition, the films produced from the blends have improved antiblocking properties without significant deterioration of mechanical properties.

Abstract: Para-methylstyrene is polymerized under free-radical conditions in the presence of a polyol to give grafted polymeric polyols which are suitable for use in the production of polyurethane foams.

Abstract: Linear low density polyethylene and copolymers of ethylene with at least one alpha-olefin containing 3-8 carbon atoms having increased temperature of crystallization and rate of crystallization are prepared by incorporating a proportion of highly isotactic polypropylene therein with the nucleating compound dibenzylidene sorbitol or phenyl phosphate compound.

Abstract: The drop in melt index observed when linear polyethylenes are melt processed is reduced by adding a small amount, e.g., about 0.01 to 2 weight percent of an aromatic sulfonhydrazide such as p-toluenesulfonhydrazide.

Abstract: Linear low density copolymers (LLDPE) are blended with up to about 10 weight percent of an aromatic polymer, e.g., polystyrene or poly(para-methylstyrene), to give films having improved MD tear strength or equivalent MD tear strength and higher stiffness compared to the LLDPE alone. Also, extruder torque is lower and bubble stability is greater in blown film extrusion with the blends as well as in blends in which medium or high density polyethylene is used instead of the LLDPE.

Abstract: Melt strength of polyethylene and ethylene-higher olefin copolymers during processing is improved by pretreating the polymer in melt form at a temperature of at least 230.degree. C. in the presence of an organic peroxide for a period of time equal to at least three times the half-life of the organic peroxide at the melt temperature.