Abstract: One or more compositions and methods for inhibiting the formation of hydrate agglomerates in a fluid that contain a specified generic formula are disclosed. The fluid can be contained in an oil or gas pipeline or refinery.

Abstract: A silica-containing composition is disclosed. The composition comprises a compound having the following formula: (SiO2)x(OH)yMzSaF. M comprises at least one metal or metalloid cation S is a sulfur-based species optionally exists and F is at least one of the following: a functionalized organosilane, a sulfur-containing organosilane, an amine-containing organosilane, and an alkyl-containing organosilane at a surface area coverage of about 0.01 to about 100%. The molar ratio of y/x is equal to about 0.01 to about 0.5, the molar ratio of x/z is equal to about 0.5 to about 300 or from about 0.5 to about 100, and the molar ratio of a/z is about 0.5 to about 5.

Abstract: One or more compositions and methods for inhibiting the formation of hydrate agglomerates in an aqueous medium that contain a specified generic formula are disclosed. The aqueous medium can be contained in an oil or gas pipeline or refinery.

Abstract: This invention provides novel compositions comprising substituted polyamines as acid gas scrubbing solutions and methods of using the compositions in an industrial system. The invention relates to the use of such polyamine compounds in industrial processes to remove acidic contaminants from natural and industrial fluid streams, such as natural gas, combustion gas, natural gas, synthesis gas, biogas, and other industrial fluid streams. The compositions and methods of the invention are useful for removal, absorption, or sequestration of acidic contaminants and sulfide contaminants including CO2, H2S, RSH, CS2, COS, and SO2.

Abstract: A method of monitoring and inhibiting scale precipitation and deposition from spent liquor in pulp mill evaporators and concentrators is disclosed. The method includes connecting a black liquor deposition monitor to a pulp mill evaporator or concentrator and measuring the thermal conductivity on the outer surface of the monitor. A controller interprets the measured thermal conductivity and determines a level of scale deposition. If the level of scale deposition is above a predetermined level, the controller is operable to introduce a scale-inhibiting composition to the spent liquor. The scale-inhibiting composition may include organic polycarboxylic acids; organic fatty acids; low molecular weight and polymeric aromatic acids; organic acid esters, anhydrides, and amides; low molecular weight and polymeric aliphatic and aromatic sulfonic acids; and low molecular weight and polymeric amines; and any combinations.

Abstract: The current invention includes a composition having stability additives of selected inorganic salts and/or organic incorporated into an aldehyde-functionalized polymer product. The stability additive can be post added to the finished polymer product, added to the reaction vessel prior to inducing functionalization of the non-functionalized polymer, or added at any stage during the functionalization reaction. Methods for forming the composition and using the composition to produce a cellulosic fiber-based medium are also disclosed.

Abstract: One or more compositions and methods for inhibiting the formation of hydrate agglomerates in a fluid comprising water, gas, and optionally liquid hydrocarbon are disclosed. The fluid can be contained in an oil or gas pipeline or refinery.

Abstract: Uses for a composition comprising a polymer derived from at least two monomers: acrylic-x and an alkylamine, wherein said polymer is modified to contain a functional group capable of scavenging one or more compositions containing one or more metals are disclosed. These polymers have many uses in various mediums, including wastewater systems.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of controlling a real-time oxidation-reduction potential in a hot water system to inhibit corrosion in the hot water system. The method includes defining one or more operational protective zones in the hot water system. One or more of the operational protective zones includes an oxidation-reduction potential probe that is operable to measure a real-time oxidation-reduction potential in the hot water system at operating temperature and pressure. The probe transmits the measured real-time potential to the controller, which assesses and interprets the transmitted potential to determine whether it conforms to an oxidation-reduction potential setting. If the measured potential does not conform the oxidation-reduction potential setting, the controller is operable to feed one or more active chemical species into the hot water system.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for detecting sugars in boiler condensate and/or boiler feedwater in industrial processes. The method includes measuring an oxidation-reduction potential at one or more locations in the process with one or more devices capable of measuring oxidation-reduction potential at operating temperature and pressure and correlating that measurement to an amount of sugar in the system. If the measured oxidation-reduction potential is not within an optimum range, action is taken.

Abstract: A method for the reduction of the emission of mercury into the environment from the burning of fossil fuels with the use of polydithiocarbamic compounds. The polydithiocarbamic compounds are used for the capture of mercury from the resulting flue gases using a flue gas desulfrization systems or scrubbers. The method uses polydithiocarbamic compounds in conjunction with a scrubber to capture mercury and reduce its emission and/or re-emission with stack gases. The method is a unique process of reducing the toxic levels of mercury, which allows for the use of coal as a clean and environmentally friendlier fuel source.

Abstract: One or more methods for inhibiting corrosion in an aqueous medium that contain a composition with a specified generic formula are disclosed. The aqueous medium can be contained in an oil or gas pipeline or refinery.

Abstract: Organosilane-modified nanoparticles of silica, having a particle size of no more than 1 micron, in which the organosilane resides throughout the entire volume of the nanoparticles and not just at the surfaces of the nanoparticle. The nanoparticles may be in a colloidal solution. They may be prepared by hydrolyzing an alkali silicate under acidic conditions to obtain a silicic acid dispersion, followed by adding an organosilane having hydroxyl and/or hydrolyzable groups to the dispersion under acid conditions; and then raising the pH of the dispersion to at least eight to form the nanoparticles. They may be used in an effective paint primer/protective coating formulation.

Abstract: One or more methods for inhibiting corrosion in a fluid that contain a composition with a specified generic formula are disclosed. The fluid can be contained in an oil or gas pipeline or refinery.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for detecting contamination of a boiler condensate and/or a boiler feedwater in industrial fermentation processes. The method includes measuring an oxidation-reduction potential at one or more locations in the fermentation process with one or more devices capable of measuring oxidation-reduction potential at operating temperature and pressure. If the measured oxidation-reduction potential is not within an optimum range, an alarm is triggered.

Abstract: Colloidal silica having a controllable broad particle size distribution and a controllable minimum particle size is disclosed and claimed. Particles below a predetermined size are excluded from the product colloidal silica of the invention. A method for continuously producing the desired colloidal composition is disclosed comprising the steps of providing preformed silica particles having a surface area which controls the particle size of the colloidal silica product, adding a feed silica comprising an alkaline solution and silicate at a feed rate which is less than a nucleation rate.

Abstract: A silica containing composition is disclosed. The composition comprises a compound having the following formula: (SiO2)x(OH)yMzSaF: wherein M is at least one of the following metal or metalloid cations: boron, magnesium, aluminum, calcium, titanium, vanadium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, zirconium, molybdenum, palladium, silver, cadmium, tin, platinum, gold, and bismuth; wherein S is a sulfur-based species selected from at least one of the following: sulfide salts, dithiocarbamates, polymer-based dithiocarbamates, and polysulfide salts; wherein F optionally exists and said F is at least one of the following: a functionalized organosilane, a sulfur-containing organosilane, an amine-containing organosilane, and an alkyl-containing organosilane at a surface area coverage of 0.01-100%; and wherein the molar ratio of y/x is equal to 0.01-0.5, the molar ratio of x/z is equal to 3-300, and the molar ratio of a/z is 1-5.

Abstract: A method of predicting the stability of a hydrocarbon process stream is disclosed and claimed. The method includes obtaining samples from one or more process streams and measuring the actual stability and the near infrared spectral absorbance of those samples. A classification model is initially developed to identify sample subsets and correlation model is created using the stability and absorbance data by inserting that data into a mathematical function. Online or offline measurements are then taken from the hydrocarbon process stream, the classification model is used initially to identify the subset and corresponding correlation model is used to predict the stability of the stream.

Abstract: A modified sol-gel method to create metal-rich siliceous material, such as colloidal silica or aluminosilicate particles is disclosed. Initially, the metal salt of choice is added to a silicic acid solution or a silicic acid solution containing aluminum salt. The aluminum is added to vary the metal-support interaction as it forms Al—O—Si linkages within the silica matrix. Besides aluminum, other metals can be added that form M—O—Si (M=Ti, B, etc.) linkages, which do not become reduced when treated with a reducing agent. Once the metal, silicic acid and/or aluminum salt is generated, it is subjected to colloidal growth by addition to a basic heel. Upon colloidal synthesis, the metal salt containing colloidal particle is left as is to maximize colloidal stability or is reduced with hydrazine to produce the zero valence metal-containing colloidal particle.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of inhibiting and/or removing deposits from internal surfaces in a hot water system. The method includes controlling a real-time oxidation-reduction potential in a hot water system to alter the dynamic between deposit constituents and the bulk water of the system to inhibit deposition or initiate deposit removal. The method is equally effective for a system undergoing a wet layup sequence or in an online operational system. The invention further includes a multi-component deposit inhibition and/or removal device, including a receiver, a processor, and a transmitter that work in unison to alter the system dynamics to inhibit or remove deposits.