Abstract: Hydrocarbons are extracted from a target formation, such as oil shale, tar sands, heavy oil and petroleum reservoirs, by apparatus and methods which cause fracturing of the containment rock and liquification or volatization of the hydrocarbons by microwave energy directed by a radiating antenna in the target formation.

Abstract: A bladed lever for cutting through or splitting animal bones having a head, a handle and a knife with the head having two sides with a row of teeth at the bottom of each side to grip the bone to be cut or split and the knife having a blade positioned below and between the two sides of the head at a distance to permit the bone to be split to fit between the teeth of the head and the blade of the knife.

Abstract: A hand carrier for long arm firearms having a handle and a single strand of wire bent to form two saddles to grip and support the firearm with an open section of the wire detachably attached to the handle and a straight-line of the wire being held in the handle for a closed carrying position and removed from the handle for an open position for inserting or removing the firearm.

Abstract: A floor cover removal tool having a rigid roller of substantially cylindrical shape with an internal clamp for holding the end of the floor covering being removed.

Abstract: An independent suspension mattress has an opening in the middle section of the innerspring unit that is long enough along the longitudinal center to provide independence of the sleeping sections on the two sides of the opening. In a coil spring unit the coils adjacent to the centerline and the middle section are untied.

Abstract: A marker used for alerting people and animals of a span of line between attachment points has two identical parts for ease of manufacture and of assembly. Either gripper teeth are integral with the parts or partitions are integral with the parts and cooperate to grip the line to be marked.

Abstract: A temperature compensation circuit for sensors of physical variables, such as temperature and pressure, employs an effective constant current source that is sensitive to ambient temperature and which has an adjustable thermal slope and an adjustable output at discrete temperatures. The effective constant current source may be connected across the input terminals of a sensor such as a pressure transducer employing strain gages or it may be connected in series with the excitation current of such a transducer. Additionally, the effective constant current source may be connected in the output of a sensor such as a thermocouple that is responsive to temperature changes. When connected to the input of a sensor, the temperature compensation circuit controls the excitation current through the sensor as a function of the ambient temperature of the sensor and compensation circuit.