Abstract: A method of precision electric-discharge machining carried out in apparatus of moderately high precision and stability with an electrode in the form of a wire. The object is a surface as smooth as the surface that can be obtained with the more expensive very high-precision apparatus. The contour of work that has already been roughed out at least once is accordingly exploited as a geometrical reference for at least one finishing cut. The gap is maintained constant by fine adjustments.

Abstract: Apparatus for and method of electro-erosive cutting with a cathode in the form of a wire. The wire advances through at least one or two guides, especially open V-grooved guides that do not surround the wire. One wire guide is upstream and the other downstream, in the direction the wire advances along, of the workpiece being processed. The wire guide or guides can rotate around the wire.

Abstract: The invention relates to a generic mattress system which is easily adjustable to differing and space varying stresses with limiting spring paths. It has a top mattress and a bottom mattress with supporting elements connected to a frame and located in the plane of a frame. The elements are in U-shape and bear elastic support elements fastened to crosspieces. The upper mattress can also have spring elements between the upper and lower support, with each spring element having a section of elastic material.

Abstract: A sliding element slidable on trolleys along a rail comprises a swing door swivellably suspended on a top frame strip and having, in a bottom frame strip (6') an anchoring device having a hinge stud (16) which can be lowered to engage with a receiving bush rotatably anchored in the floor. The hinge stud (16) is formed on a wedge-shaped hinge part (17) of metal which is guided for vertical sliding on a guide section (18) in the bottom frame strip (6') and engages slidably along a slide section (19) with a matching section (22) of a likewise wedge-shaped lowering part (23) of plastics material. Said lowering part is provided, in a recess (24), with a driving nut (25) which engages through a self-locking thread connection with a lowering bolt (27) which is positively connected by way of a bevel gear unit (29) to an operating pin (30) suitable for engagement of a hexagon socket key. A torque-limiting claw clutch may be inserted between the bevel gear unit ( 29) and the lowering bolt (27).

Abstract: Apparatus for electro-erosive cutting. A cathode in the form of a wire advances through at least one wire guide, with one guide being upstream and the other, if any, downstream of the workpiece in terms of the direction advanced by the wire. The at least one wire guide is an open, specifically a notched, wire guide, one that does not surround the wire, that is, and has associated with it a closed wire guide, specifically a wire guide in the from of a torus that surrounds the wire.

Abstract: An anchoring element (6) for anchoring a ground anchor (1) to a structural part (2) to be supported, for the purpose of enabling the intactness of a closed protective tube (4), which encloses strands (3) of the ground anchor (1) in the borehole and protects the said strands from corrosion, to be checked by applying a voltage between the strands (3) and earth and measuring the resultant current, even after the uppermost section of the ground anchor (1) has been grouted with a cement compound in a guide-through duct (13) in the anchoring element (6) and the latter has likewise been grouted in an anchor conduit (14), is made from electrically insulating material, preferably polyamide, at least to the extent that no electrically conductive connection exists between the strands (3) and the cement compound in the guide-through duct (13), on the one hand, and between the cement compound outside the said guide-through duct and the structural part (2), on the other hand.

Abstract: In a case for receiving and transporting articles, in particular tools and working material, comprising at least one lower part (28a) with a base (28a) and a lid, which are jointedly connected to one another by a hinge and have a locking device, the case is of a unitised construction. The lower part forms a module which can be connected to further modules by hinges.

Abstract: At least two parameters (.delta., Inst) of which it is known that their variation influences the state of the spark erosion process (F, W) are fed to a logic device (5) in which a set of rules is stored. The logic device processes the parameters fed with the aid of the stored rules according to the laws of fuzzy logic, and generates at least one output signal (.epsilon.) which is fed to a controller (6) of at least one parameter, in order to match or at least approximate the currently prevailing state of the spark erosion process to a currently desired state of the spark erosion process.

Abstract: The device comprises inductance coils (6) which are each allocated to one phase and which are wound around a common magnetic core in the same direction and with the same number of windings. One each of the inductance coils (6) is connected to one each of the phase leads (3,5) for supplying the multiphase load (4), the connection being made in series between the converter (1) and the load (4). The load can particularly be a multiphase asynchronous motor.The inductance coils (6) and the magnetic core can be dimensioned equivalent to a power supply transformer adjusted to the frequency and rating of the converter (1), so that deficiencies in the electromagnetic symmetry of the load (4) are balanced, or, on the other hand, they can be dimensioned equivalent to a mains filter adjusted to the frequency and rating of the spikes of converter (1), in order to remove such spikes from the respective phase (3) of the power supply.

Abstract: In the processing of mainly inorganic refuse incineration products polluted by heavy metals and/or heavy metal compounds, and/or analogues of such products, to give environmentally acceptable products by melt-thermal treatment, an iron-containing melt is used whose iron content can be adjusted by addition of iron or an iron compound. The melt is first melted above 1300.degree. C. in a reactor. The melt is then oxidized with vigorous agitation by blowing in oxygen-containing gas until all the metals and metal compounds present in the reactor have been converted to the oxide form, the melt being kept above 1450.degree. C. and preferably at about 1500.degree. C., at least at the end of the oxidation. Subsequently, the melt is reduced, preferably by means of a part fraction of the refuse incineration product and/or iron, preferably in the form of scrap, and/or hydrogen. The reduction can then be continued by means of added aluminum and/or calcium and/or ferrosilicon.

Abstract: For reducing nitrogen oxides in the flue gases of a firing plant, fresh ammonia water, i.e. an aqueous solution of ammonia (NH.sub.3), is introduced into the flue gas flow. For achieving a high degree of separation of the nitrogen oxide a superstoichiometric addition of ammonia (NH.sub.3) is necessary. Most of the excess ammonia is washed out in the wet washer (6). A liquor, e.g. milk of lime (Ca(OH).sub.2), is dosed into the wash water in a connecting line (10) to a stripping column (11), so that a pH-value above 9.5 is obtained. The now physically dissolved ammonia (NH.sub.3) is desorbed from the wash water in the stripping column (11). The steam/ammonia mixture passing out of the stripping column (11) is condensed in a condenser (17) and the condensate in the form of ammonia water is admixed to the fresh ammonia water in feed line (3). As a function of the nitrogen oxide reduction, approximately 10 to 50% of the fresh ammonia water can be saved.

Abstract: The invention related to a process for quickly inflating a gas cushion in a safety system of the air bag type in which at least two pressurized filling gases are stored being shielded from each other. Instead of the filling gases, initially only the starting material(s) of one or both filling gases can be stored. In case of need, for instance upon a crash-characteristic signal, the filling gases are released from their reservoirs; if necessary, the starting material(s) of one or more filling gases is/are first ignited due to the crash-characteristic signal and then produce(s) the filling gas. The released filling gases are then concentrated and finally inflate the gas cushion or air bag.

Abstract: A carrier for display fields or value characters, such as a credit card, contains optically readable display fields which can be erased by the effects of heat or which can at least be changed permanently in optical terms, and a storage layer for storing energy for the purpose of producing the thermal energy required for the heating effect at the location of the display field to be erased. In this way, the energy stored in the storage layer, which energy corresponds to at least the erase energy required, is released by the supply of an initial energy which is less than the erase energy. If a photoconductive layer is used additionally, the reading light beam can also serve to produce a local electrical current I in the region of the display field to be erased, wherein the current I produces sufficient thermal energy in the form of initial energy to set in notion the reaction process in the storage layer and to release the thermal energy stored therein.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the winding of a thread onto a reel.A thread is guided by a thread guide fastened to a cord.The cord is driven by a drive part, which, under the action of a transfer roller engaging in a slot, executes a harmonic oscillation. A transfer roller is attached to a disc-shaped bearing part, driven by means of a driving wheel, and can, for changing the amplitude of the harmonic oscillation, be displaced in the radial direction by utilizing an electric motor.

Abstract: Two mutually adjoining profile pieces (1a) of equal cross-section are connected by means of a coupling piece (16) which overlaps both of them and is situated in a coupling groove (15). The convexly arched floor of the latter is formed by the underside of a crossbar (5), the top side of which forms a running surface (6) for bearing rollers of running mechanisms. In the downward direction, the coupling groove (15) is limited by lateral holding strips (18a,b) exhibiting flat, inwardly inclined holding surfaces (19a,b), which point towards the floor of the said coupling groove and against which are pressed corresponding contact strips (20a,b) of the coupling piece (16), which coupling piece is braced against the holding strips (18a,b) of each of the profile pieces (1a), by means of, in each case, two tapping screws (17b) pressing against the floor of the coupling groove (15). At the bottom, the coupling groove (15) is adjoined by a guide groove (9) for receiving guide rollers.

Abstract: The device comprises a cleaning chamber (1) which is arranged on a base (10) and through the orifice (13) of which the shank part (3) of a tool (5) or of a toolholder (4) is introduced. The wall of the cleaning chamber (1) is matched to the shape of the shank part (3) and has an internal thread (7). A compressed liquid is introduced through a run-in orifice (8), streams through the grooves of the internal thread (7) and flows virtually without pressure through a run-off orifice (9), at the same time discharging dirt particles located on the surface of the shank part (3). The shank part (3) can be clamped and consequently fixed in the cleaning chamber (1) by means of the clamping appliance (19). An increased cleaning effect is thereby achieved.

Abstract: An apparatus for collecting articles is housed in a parallelepipedic casing, on the front panel of which is arranged a display part of a playing part. An article-return part with an article-receiving container is also provided in the apparatus. The front panel of the casing is subdivided into a number of fields of which one field forms a door for an access to an article collecting container. A gaming machine is arranged in another field, and the article-return part in the third field. The gaming machine is at least partly visible through a window so that its game can be seen. Increased use of the apparatus results from the visibility and/or audibility of the game.

Abstract: A ceramic blank body (2) of a blank (1) is glued on the base (4) of a support (3) of aluminum, which support bears an anchoring part on the side facing away from the blank body (2). According to the invention, the anchoring part is designed as a conical pin (6) which is rotationally symmetrical about a support axis (5). It has a circular engagement groove (7). The base (4) is provided with a bore (8) parallel to the support axis (5). For working the blank, the pin (6) is introduced into a receiving opening (10) of a holding device (9) as far as the limit stop, which is produced by the conical circumferential surface of the pin (6) coming into contact with the analogously conical periphery of the receiving opening (10), and is secured by means of a ball (11) projecting into the engagement groove (7) under the action of an elastic ring (12). A securing pin (13) projects into the bore (8) of the base (4) in order to secure the blank (1) against turning.

Abstract: The invention concerns a manhole cover with a frame (1) and a grating (3) or cover fitting flush with the frame (1). In order to secure the cover (3) in such a way that it can be easily removed and put back in place, a one-piece securing element (4a) is attached to the frame (1), the securing element (4a) having a locking element (7) at the end of a tab-like retaining element (6) extending obliquely upwards. The locking element (7) engages against a locking surface (9) at the bottom of a recess (8) in the surface of the grating (3) or cover. To unlock the manhole cover, the locking element (7) can be pulled away from the locking surface (9) with a special tool, e.g. a pair of pliers, the retaining element (6) being bent elastically. The securing element (4a) is mounted on the frame (1), embracing shoulders (5a, 5b) so that it is secured by a snap-in connection. The securing element can also be attached to the cover or grating and engage against a locking surface on the frame.

Abstract: In a towel dispenser, a selection can be made between a standard program, in which, to form a towel loop, first a portion of unused towel and subsequently a shorter portion of used towel is released, and a hygiene program, in which only unused towel is released. In both cases, a movement sensor monitors whether the towel is moved as a result of external action, and if this is so the towel portion is drawn in as used 3 seconds after the movement has ceased. If the towel, after being dispensed, is not moved for 20 seconds, it is retracted as unused. In both cases, economy programs with a dispensing of shorter towel portions can be selected. Within the standard program, a selection can be made between a normal program, in which used towel is first drawn in and subsequently unused towel is provided, and a fast program, in which the dispensing of unused towel takes place first.